Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

The marked price of a article is Rs. 100. A salesman gives a certain discount and sells three article in Rs. 274. 50. What the rate of discount?

  1. 7%

  2. 7.5%

  3. 8%

  4. 8.5%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Marked price per article is Rs. 100. Three articles sold for Rs. 274.50, so selling price per article = 274.50/3 = Rs. 91.50. Discount per article = 100 - 91.50 = Rs. 8.50. Discount percentage = (8.50/100) × 100 = 8.5%. The other options (7%, 7.5%, 8%) don't match this calculation.

Multiple choice

Cost price of two article is same. One of the article is sold at a profit of 15% and the selling price of another article is Rs. 5700 more than first one. The net profit is 20% what is the cost price of each article? दो वस्तुओं का क्रय मूल्य बराबर है। यदि एक वस्तु को 15% लाभ पर बेचा जाता है तथा दूसरी वस्तु को पहली वस्तु के विक्रय मूल्य से 5700 रू. अधिक पर बेचा जाता है। यदि कुल लाभ 20% है तो प्रत्येक वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य क्या होगा?

  1. Rs. 28500

  2. Rs. 45600

  3. Rs. 22800

  4. Rs. 57000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. First article SP = 1.15x, second SP = 1.15x + 5700. Total CP = 2x, total SP = 2.3x + 5700. Profit = 0.3x + 5700 = 0.2(2x) = 0.4x. Solving gives 0.1x = 5700, so x = 57000.

Multiple choice

A man sells an article at a profit of 25%. If he had bought it at 20% loss and sold it for Rs. 1050 less, he would have gained 30%. Find the cost price of the article.

  1. Rs. 10000

  2. Rs. 5000

  3. Rs. 12000

  4. Rs. 10500

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. SP at 25% profit = 1.25x. New CP = 0.8x (20% loss), new SP = 1.25x - 1050, which gives 30% profit on 0.8x. So 1.25x - 1050 = 1.3 × 0.8x = 1.04x. Therefore 0.21x = 1050, x = 1050/0.21 = 5000. Cost price is Rs. 5000.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper gain 20% by selling a pair of shoes for Rs. 900. What would have been his profit percent if he had sold it for Rs. 975? / एक दुकानदार एक जोड़ी जूते 900 रूपये में बेचकर 20% का लाभ कमाता है। यदि उसने इसे 975 रूपये में बेंचा होता तो लाभ प्रतिशत क्या होगा?

  1. 40%

  2. 25%

  3. 35%

  4. 30%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When selling at Rs. 900 with 20% profit, cost price = 900/1.20 = Rs. 750. At Rs. 975 selling price, profit = 975 - 750 = Rs. 225. Profit percentage = (225/750) × 100 = 30%. The key is to first find the cost price from the original transaction, then calculate the new profit percentage.

Multiple choice

A man purchases two articles at Rs. 2205 he sell first article at 20% profit and second article at 15% loss. He gain 8% on overall transaction. Find the cost price of both article. एक व्यक्ति ने 2205 रूपये में दो वस्तुए खरीदी। एक को वह 20% लाभ पर तथा दूसरी को 15% हानि पर बेच देता है। इस पूरी प्रक्रिया में उसे 8% का लाभ होता है, तो दोनों वस्तुओं का क्रय-मूल्य क्या होगा?

  1. (1450, 755) Rs.\रू.

  2. (1449, 756) Rs.\रू.

  3. (1349, 856) Rs.\रू.

  4. (1350, 855) Rs.\रू.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost prices be x and y with x + y = 2205. Selling prices: 1.2x (20% profit) and 0.85y (15% loss). Total profit 8%: 1.2x + 0.85y = 1.08 × 2205 = 2381.4. Solving: 1.2x + 0.85(2205 - x) = 2381.4 gives x = 1449, y = 756. Option B is correct.

Multiple choice

If the profit on selling an article for Rs 856 is two times as the loss on selling it for Rs 520 then what is the cost price of the article? 856 रूपये में किसी वस्तु को बेचने पर हुआ लाभ 520 रूपये में उसी वस्तु को बेचने पर हुई हानि का दो गुना है। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य क्या होगा?

  1. Rs.744

  2. Rs.844

  3. Rs.632

  4. Rs.756
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Profit at 856 = 856 - x. Loss at 520 = x - 520. Given: 856 - x = 2(x - 520). Solving: 856 - x = 2x - 1040, so 3x = 1896 and x = 632. Verify: Profit = 224, Loss = 156, and 224 = 2 × 156.

Multiple choice

5% of selling price of an article is equal to 8% of its cost price. Again 20% of selling price is Rs. 130 more than 30% of its cost price.Find the cost price of article. किसी वस्तु के विक्रय मूल्य का 5% उसी वस्तु के क्रय मूल्य के 8% के बराबर है। पुनः वस्तु के विक्रय मूल्य का 20% वस्तु के क्रय मूल्य के 30% से 130 रूपये अधिक है। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए।

  1. Rs 6400

  2. Rs 10400

  3. Rs 6500

  4. Rs 7200
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

From first condition: 0.05SP = 0.08CP, so CP/SP = 5/8. From second: 0.2SP = 0.3CP + 130. Substituting SP = (8/5)CP: 0.2 × (8/5)CP = 0.3CP + 130, so 0.32CP - 0.3CP = 130, giving CP = 6500.

Multiple choice

A seller sells an article at Rs. 75 and got profit percent equal to numerical value of its cost price. Find the cost price of article. एक विक्रेता एक वस्तु को 75 रु. में बेचता है और उस वस्तु पर हुआ लाभ प्रतिशत उसके क्रय मूल्य के बराबर है, वस्तु का क्रयमूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये।

  1. 40

  2. 50

  3. 60

  4. 70
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Profit percentage = x (numerical value of cost price). So profit = x% of CP = x × x / 100. Selling Price = CP + Profit = x + x²/100 = 75. This gives the quadratic equation x² + 100x - 7500 = 0. Solving: x = [-100 ± √(10000 + 30000)] / 2 = [-100 ± √40000] / 2 = [-100 ± 200] / 2. Taking positive value: x = (100)/2 = 50. Verification: CP = 50, profit = 50% of 50 = 25, SP = 50 + 25 = 75. The claimed answer B (50) is correct.

Multiple choice

By selling an article at 80% of it marked price, a trader makes a loss of 10%. What will be the profit percentage if he sells it at 95% of its marked price? एक वस्तु को अंकित मूल्य के 80% मूल्य पर बेच कर, एक व्यापारी 10% का नुकसान उठाता है । यदि वह अंकित मूल्य के 95% मूल्य पर वस्तु को बेचे तो क्या लाभ प्रतिशत प्राप्त होगा?

  1. 5.9

  2. 12.5

  3. 6.875

  4. 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let MP = M. Selling at 80% gives loss of 10%, so 0.8M = 0.9CP (CP = cost price). This gives CP/M = 8/9. Selling at 95%: SP = 0.95M. Profit% = (SP - CP)/CP × 100 = (0.95M - 0.888...M)/(0.888...M) × 100 = 6.875%. The key is finding the CP to MP relationship first.

Multiple choice

A milk seller has 15 litres of pure milk. How many litres of water, which is available free of cost, have to be added to it so that he gets a 25% profit by selling the mixture at the cost price of pure milk ?

  1. 2.5 liter

  2. 3.75 liter

  3. 4 liter

  4. 4.25

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let water added = w liters. Total mixture = 15+w liters. To get 25% profit selling at CP of pure milk, he must sell 15+w liters at price of 15 liters. So (15+w) should equal 125% of 15 (since profit = 25%). 15+w = 1.25×15 = 18.75. Therefore w = 3.75 liters.

Multiple choice

A person sells a table at a loss of 10%. If he had bought the table at 5% less cost and sold for Rs. 312 more. He would have gained 5%. The cost price of the table is एक व्यक्ति एक वस्तु को 10% की हानि पर बेचता है यदि वह इसे 5% कम मूल्य पर खरीदता है और 312 रूपये अधिक पर बेचता है, तो वह 5% का लाभ प्राप्त कर पाता। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य है:

  1. Rs./रू. 3200

  2. Rs./रू. 2500

  3. Rs./रू. 2000

  4. Rs./रू. 320
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Original SP at 10% loss = 0.9x. New CP = 0.95x (5% less). New SP = 0.9x + 312. At 5% gain: New SP = 1.05 × 0.95x = 0.9975x. Equating: 0.9x + 312 = 0.9975x, giving 312 = 0.0975x, so x = 3200. Option A matches. Options B, C, and D don't satisfy the profit/loss conditions.

Multiple choice

Nisha allows a discount of 15% on the marked price. How much above the cost price must she mark his goods as to gain 19%? निशा वस्तु के अंकित मूल्य पर 15% की छूट देती है। वह वस्तु के क्रय मूल्य से कितना अधिक अंकित करें कि 19% का लाभ प्राप्त हो।

  1. 34%

  2. 25%

  3. 40%

  4. 30%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. Desired SP for 19% gain = 119. With markup of m% and 15% discount: 0.85(100+m) = 119. Solving: 85 + 0.85m = 119, so 0.85m = 34, giving m = 40. Option C matches. To verify: Mark up by 40% (MP = 140), give 15% discount (SP = 0.85 × 140 = 119), which is 19% profit on CP of 100. Options A, B, and D don't yield 19% profit.

Multiple choice

A seller sells an article at Rs. 75 and got profit percent equal to numerical value of its cost price. Find the cost price of article.

  1. 40

  2. 50

  3. 60

  4. 70
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price be x. Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price = 75 - x. Profit percent = (Profit/Cost Price) × 100 = ((75-x)/x) × 100 = x. Solving: x² + 100x - 7500 = 0. Using quadratic formula: x = 50 or x = -150. Rejecting negative value, CP = 50. Verifying: 50% profit on Rs.50 gives Rs.75 selling price.