Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

In each of the following questions, a question is followed by two or three statement. Read all the statements and find that which statements are required to answer the question and answer accordingly. What is the selling price of the camera if no discount is offered? Statement I: Cost price of the camera is Rs.10,000. Statement II: Profit earned was 20%. Statement III: Had 20% discount been offered on selling price the profit would have been Rs. 700.

  1. Only III

  2. Only II and III

  3. Only I and II

  4. All of these

  5. Any two of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Question: Find selling price with no discount. I: CP = 10000. II: Profit = 20%, so SP = 12000. I+II sufficient. III: With 20% discount on SP, profit = 700. Let SP = x. With discount: selling price = 0.8x, profit = 700, so CP = 0.8x - 700. From II: profit = 20% means CP × 1.2 = x. Combining II+III: CP × 1.2 = x and CP = 0.8x - 700, solving gives CP and x. I+III: CP = 10000, so 10000 = 0.8x - 700, x = 10750/0.8 = 13437.50. All pairs (I+II, I+III, II+III) are sufficient. Option E (Any two of these) is correct. Each pair uniquely determines the selling price.

Multiple choice

A seller bought 100 chairs at the rate of 250 each. He spends 2000 rupees on transportation. He marked the price of each chair at 500 rupees. On the marked price he gives 10% discount. Find the profit incurred by the seller. एक विक्रेता ने प्रत्येक 250 की दर से 100 कुर्सी खरीदे। वह परिवहन पर 2000 रुपये खर्च करता है। उसने प्रत्येक कुर्सी की कीमत 500 रुपये अंकित की। अंकित मूल्य पर वह 10% की छूट देता है। विक्रेता द्वारा प्राप्त किया गया लाभ ज्ञात कीजिये।

  1. 66.67

  2. 41.15

  3. 52.25

  4. 60
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Total cost = (100 × 250) + 2000 = 27000. Selling price after 10% discount = 500 × 0.9 = 450 per chair. Revenue = 100 × 450 = 45000. Profit = 45000 - 27000 = 18000. Profit percentage = (18000/27000) × 100 = 66.67%. The transportation cost must be included in total investment.

Multiple choice

An article listed at Rs 800 is sold to a retailer at successive discounts of 25% and 15% by the wholesaler. Then the cost price of the article for retailer is - एक वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य रू. 800 है, को एक फुटकर विक्रेता को थोक व्यापरी द्वारा क्रमागत छूटो 25% और 15% पर बेचा जाता है, तब फुटकर व्यापारी के लिए वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य है-

  1. Rs./रु.510

  2. Rs./रु.630

  3. Rs./रु.540

  4. Rs./रु.620
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

First discount 25% on Rs 800: price becomes 800 × 0.75 = Rs 600. Second discount 15% on Rs 600: price becomes 600 × 0.85 = Rs 510. This is the retailer's cost price. Successive discounts multiply not add.

Multiple choice

A man sold two articles, each for Rs. 495. If he gained 10% on one article and suffered a loss of 10% on the other, then what is the loss or gain percentage in the transaction? एक व्यक्ति ने दो वस्तुएं प्रत्येक वस्तु को 495 रू. मूल्य पर बेचा । यदि उसने एक वस्तु पर 10% का लाभ और दूसरी पर 10% का घाटा हुआ तो पूरे विनिमय में उसे प्रतिशत लाभ या घाटा क्या हुआ?

  1. 1% gain/लाभ

  2. 1% loss/हानि

  3. 100 99 % loss/हानि

  4. 100 99 % gain/लाभ
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

When same selling price has equal profit% and loss%, there's always overall loss. Loss% = (x/10)² where x is the equal percentage. Here: (10/10)² = 1% loss. This is a standard result: when SP is same and gain% = loss%, the net is always loss of (gain%/10)² percent. The actual selling price doesn't affect the percentage.

Multiple choice

Each question below contains a statement followed by Quantity I and Quantity II. Find both to find the relationship among them. $Quantity I: Cost price, if after selling article of Rs 25,000 Marked price at 20% discount a man gains 33.33%.$ $Quantity II: Cost Price, if after selling article of Rs 16,000 marked price at 25% discount a man gains 20%$

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  3. Quantity II > Quantity I

  4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: SP after 20% discount on Rs 25000 = Rs 20000. With 33.33% gain, CP = 20000/(4/3) = Rs 15000. Quantity II: SP after 25% discount on Rs 16000 = Rs 12000. With 20% gain, CP = 12000/1.2 = Rs 10000. Comparing: 15000 > 10000, so Quantity I > Quantity II.

Multiple choice

Each of these questions is followed by three statements. You have to study the question and all the three statements given to decide which informations are necessary to answer the given question. What was the percentage of discount given? Statement I: 28% profit was earned by selling a TV for Rs. 3200. Statement II: If there were no discount, the earned profit would have been 60%. Statement III: The cost price of the TV was Rs. 2500.

  1. Any two

  2. I and II

  3. I and II or I and III

  4. All three together are sufficient

  5. All three together are not sufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: Selling at Rs. 3200 gives 28% profit, so 3200 = 1.28 × CP. From this, CP = 3200/1.28 = Rs. 2500. Statement II: Without discount, profit would be 60%, so Marked Price = 1.6 × CP = 1.6 × 2500 = Rs. 4000. Discount = MP - SP = 4000 - 3200 = Rs. 800. Discount % = (800/4000) × 100 = 20%. Statements I and II together are sufficient. Statement III only repeats the CP from Statement I. The claimed answer 'I and II' is correct.

Multiple choice

A trader marked his goods at 20% above the cost price. He sold half the stock at the market price, one quarter at a discount of 20% on the market price and the rest at a discount of 40% on the marked price. His total gain is

  1. 2%

  2. 4.5%

  3. 13.5%

  4. 15%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP=100. MP=120. Half sold at 120: gain 20 on 50 units. Quarter at 96 (20% discount): loss 4 on 25 units. Quarter at 72 (40% discount): loss 28 on 25 units. Total gain = 20-4-28 = -12 on 100 CP = -12%. But gain is 2%, so calculation needs verification. Actually: (0.5*120 + 0.25*96 + 0.25*72) / 100 = (60+24+18)/100 = 102/100 = 2% gain. Option A correct.

Multiple choice

On selling an article, the profit is 320% of the cost price. If the cost increases by 25% but the selling price remains constant, approximately what percentage of the selling price is the profit? एक वस्तु बेचने पर, लागत मूल्य का 320% लाभ होता है | यदि लागत में 25% की वृद्धि हुई है लेकिन बिक्री मूल्य स्थिर रहता है, तो लाभ बिक्री मूल्य का कितना प्रतिशत है?

  1. 30%

  2. 70%

  3. 100%

  4. 250%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Profit = 320% of CP = 3.2x, so SP = CP + Profit = x + 3.2x = 4.2x. New CP = 1.25x (25% increase). SP remains 4.2x. New profit = 4.2x - 1.25x = 2.95x. Profit as % of SP = (2.95x / 4.2x) × 100 = 70.2%. This is approximately 70%, matching option B. Options A (30%) and D (250%) are incorrect.

Multiple choice

A man bought an article, paying 5% less than the original price. He sold it with 20% profit on the price he had paid. What percent of profit did A earn on the original price? एक व्यक्ति ने मूल कीमत से 5% कम भुगतान करके एक वस्तु खरीदी। उसने उस कीमत पर 20% लाभ के साथ इसे बेचा जो उसने इसके लिए अदा की थी। मूल कीमत पर A का लाभ का प्रतिशत क्या था?

  1. 10

  2. 13

  3. 14

  4. 8.5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let original price = 100. Bought at 95. Sold at 95 x 1.20 = 114. Profit on original = 114 - 100 = 14, so 14%. The key is tracking both percentages from their respective bases - purchase price and original price.

Multiple choice

The cost price of 20 articles is the same as the selling price of x articles. If there is 25% gain, then the value of x- 20 वस्तुओं का क्रय मूल्य x वस्तुओं के विक्रय मूल्य के बराबर है। यदि 25% लाभ प्राप्त हो, x का मान है-

  1. 15

  2. 16

  3. 18

  4. 25
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of 1 article = 1, so CP of 20 articles = 20. SP of x articles = 20, so SP of 1 article = 20/x. Gain = 25%, so 20/x = 1.25 x 1 = 1.25. Solving: 20/x = 5/4, so x = 16. Verify: CP of 20 = SP of 16, SP per article = 20/16 = 1.25, gain = 25%.

Multiple choice

10% loss on selling price is what percent loss on the cost price? विक्रय मूल्य पर 10% की हानि क्रय मूल्य पर कितने प्रतिशत की हानि है?

  1. 9.09%

  2. 11.11%

  3. 10%

  4. 11%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let SP = 100. Loss on SP = 10%, so loss = 10, CP = 110. Loss on CP = 10/110 = 1/11 = 9.09%. This conversion is needed because percentages on SP and CP have different bases. The formula: loss% on CP = (loss% on SP) / (1 + loss% on SP).

Multiple choice

A men sells an article at a gain of 15%. If he had bought it at 10% less and sold it for Rs. 4 less, he would have gained 25% the cost price of the article is- एक आदमी ने एक वस्तु 15% लाभ पर बेची। यदि उसने वही 10% कम पर खरीदी होती और 4 रूपये कम में बेची होती तो उसे 25% का लाभ होता, उस वस्तु का लागत मूल्य कितना है?

  1. Rs.140

  2. Rs.150

  3. Rs.160

  4. Rs.185
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Original SP = 1.15x. If CP = 0.9x (10% less) and SP = 1.15x - 4, then gain = 25%. So: (1.15x - 4)/(0.9x) = 1.25. Solving: 1.15x - 4 = 1.125x, so 0.025x = 4, giving x = 160. The cost price is Rs. 160.

Multiple choice

Rekha bought an article for Rs. 62000 and sold it at 25 percent loss. From this amount she bought another article and sold it at 30 percent profit. What is her total profit/loss? रेखा ने एक वस्तु 62000 रू. में खरीदी और उसे 25 प्रतिशत हानि पर बेच दिया। उस राशि से उसने एक और वस्तु खरीदी और उसे 30 प्रतिशत लाभ पर बेच दिया। उसका कुल लाभ/हानि कितना था?

  1. Rs. 1560, Loss

  2. Rs. 1560, Profit

  3. Rs. 1550, Loss

  4. Rs. 1550, Profit
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

First article: CP = 62000, loss = 25%, so SP = 62000 × 0.75 = 46500. Second article: CP = 46500, profit = 30%, so SP = 46500 × 1.3 = 60450. Net result: Final = 60450, Initial = 62000. Loss = 62000 - 60450 = 1550. This is approximately 2.5% loss, matching option C.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper marks the price of an article at Rs.800. Find the cost price if after allowing a discount of 10% he still gains 20% on the cost price. एक दुकानदार एक वस्तु की कीमत को 800 रुपये पर अंकित करता है। क्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये यदि 10% की छूट की अनुमति देने के बाद भी वह लागत मूल्य पर 20% लाभ प्राप्त करता है।

  1. Rs.533.3

  2. Rs.700

  3. Rs.750

  4. Rs.600
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Marked price is Rs.800. After 10% discount, selling price = 800 × 0.9 = Rs.720. This SP gives 20% profit on CP, so CP × 1.2 = 720. Therefore CP = 720/1.2 = Rs.600. The shopkeeper gains 20% on this cost price.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sells two articles at the same price, i.e., Rs. 24, but the cost price of each article is different. If the loss percent incurred on each article is numerically equal to the cost price of that article, find the difference between the cost prices of both articles.

  1. 24

  2. 20

  3. 40

  4. 10

  5. Cannot be determined
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP1 = x and CP2 = y. Both sold at Rs. 24. Loss on first = x - 24 = x% of x = x/100 * x, so x - 24 = x²/100. Similarly, y - 24 = y²/100. Both give x² - 100x + 2400 = 0, so (x - 40)(x - 60) = 0. Thus CPs are 40 and 60. Difference = 60 - 40 = 20.