Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

The marked price of an article is 50% more than its cost price. If a discount of 10% is given, then what is the profit percentage? एक वस्तु की चिह्नित कीमत उसकी लागत मूल्य से 50% अधिक है। यदि 10% की छूट दी जाती है, तो लाभ प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 25

  2. 30

  3. 35

  4. 20
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price be 100. Marked price is 50% more, so MP = 150. After 10% discount on marked price, selling price = 150 - 15 = 135. Profit = 135 - 100 = 35, which is 35% of cost price. Remember: discount is always applied on marked price, not cost price.

Multiple choice

If the ratio of the cost price and selling price of an article is 5: 6, then what will be the profit percentage? यदि किसी वस्तु के लागत मूल्य और विक्रय मूल्य का अनुपात 5: 6 है, तो लाभ प्रतिशत क्या होगा?

  1. 10

  2. 12

  3. 15

  4. 20
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 5x and SP = 6x. Profit = SP - CP = x. Profit percentage = (Profit/CP) × 100 = (x/5x) × 100 = 20%. When given ratio of CP:SP, the profit percentage is (difference/CP) × 100.

Multiple choice

If A purchase 9 chairs for Rs.5 and sells all the chairs at the rate of 5 chairs for Rs.9, then what will be the profit percentage? यदि A 5 रुपये में 9 कुर्सियों की दर से खरीद कर 9 रुपये में 5 कुर्सियों की दर से सभी कुर्सियों को बेचता है तो फिर लाभ का प्रतिशत क्या होगा?

  1. 212

  2. 224

  3. 248

  4. 194
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

CP per chair = 5/9 Rs. SP per chair = 9/5 Rs. Profit per chair = (9/5) - (5/9) = 56/45 Rs. Profit% = (56/45)/(5/9) × 100 = (56/45)×(9/5)×100 = 224%.

Multiple choice

The marked price of a pen is Rs.3000. The shopkeeper gives two successive discounts of 15% and a% to the customer. If the customer pays Rs.2142 for the pen, then what is the value (in percentage) of a? एक पेन का अंकित मूल्य 3000 रुपये है । दुकानदार 15 % और a% की दो क्रमागत छूट ग्राहक को देता है। यदि ग्राहक पेन के लिए 2142 रुपये अदा करता है, तो a का मान (प्रतिशत में) क्या है?

  1. 16

  2. 14

  3. 18

  4. 17
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

After 15% discount: 3000 × 0.85 = 2550. Final price after a% discount: 2550 × (1-a/100) = 2142. Solving gives 1 - a/100 = 0.84, so a = 16%.

Multiple choice

If a shopkeeper marks the price of goods 40% more than their cost price and allows a discount of 40%, then what is his gain or loss percent? यदि कोई दुकानदार अपने सामान को लागत मूल्य से 40% अधिक की कीमत पर चिह्नित करता है और 40% की छूट देता है, तो उसका लाभ या हानि प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 16%, Loss/ हानि

  2. 16%, Profit/लाभ

  3. 10%, Loss/ हानि

  4. 12%, Profit/लाभ
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. Marked price = 140 (40% more than CP). Discount of 40% means selling price = 60% of 140 = 84. So loss = CP - SP = 100 - 84 = 16. Loss percent = 16%. Options B and D incorrectly expect profit. Option C underestimates the loss.

Multiple choice

By selling 50 metres of cloth, a person gains the cost price of 20 metres of cloth. What is his gain percent? 50 मीटर कपड़ा बेचकर, एक व्यक्ति 20 मीटर कपड़े की लागत मूल्य के बराबर लाभ प्राप्त करता है। उसका लाभ प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 40

  2. 25

  3. 20

  4. 10
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Gain = cost price of 20 metres when selling 50 metres. So gain on each metre = 20/50 = 2/5 of CP. Gain percent = (2/5) × 100 = 40%. When profit is expressed as 'gain equals CP of x units when selling y units', the gain percent is (x/y) × 100.

Multiple choice

If some articles are bought at Rs.10 each and sold at Rs.7 each, then what is the loss percentage? यदि कुछ वस्तुओं को प्रत्येक 10 रुपये में खरीदा जाता है और 7 रुपये में बेचा जाता है, तो हानि प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 60

  2. 16.67

  3. 25

  4. 30
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Loss = Rs 10 - Rs 7 = Rs 3 per article. Loss percent = (Loss/CP) × 100 = (3/10) × 100 = 30%. When SP < CP, calculate loss percent on CP, not on SP.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper by selling 6 items, earns a profit equal to the selling price of 1 item. What is his profit percentage? एक दुकानदार 6 वस्तुओं को बेचकर, 1 वस्तु के विक्रय मूल्य के बराबर लाभ अर्जित करता है । उसका लाभ प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 20

  2. 25

  3. 30

  4. 35
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Selling 6 items gives profit equal to SP of 1 item. So SP × 6 - CP × 6 = SP × 1, which gives 5 SP = 6 CP, or SP/CP = 6/5. Profit% = (SP - CP)/CP × 100 = (6/5 - 1) × 100 = 1/5 × 100 = 20%.

Multiple choice

Marked price of an article is Rs 7600 and its selling price is Rs 5472. What is discount percentage? एक वस्तु का चिह्नित मूल्य 7600 रुपये है और इसका बिक्री मूल्य 5472 रुपये है। छूट प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 34

  2. 28

  3. 31

  4. 30
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Discount = Marked Price - Selling Price = 7600 - 5472 = 2128. Discount percentage = (Discount/Marked Price) × 100 = (2128/7600) × 100 = 28%. The discount reduces the price from 7600 to 5472, which is exactly 28% off. Options A, C, and D are miscalculations of this percentage.

Multiple choice

An article has marked price of Rs.6800. If two successive discounts of 12% and 20% are given, then what will be the selling price (in Rs.)? एक वस्तु पर 6800 रुपये का मूल्य अंकित किया गया है। यदि 12% और 20% की दो क्रमिक छूट दी जाती हैं, तो विक्रय मूल्य (रु. में) क्या होगा?

  1. 4787.2

  2. 4624

  3. 4460.8

  4. 4524
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

First discount: 6800 × (1 - 0.12) = 6800 × 0.88 = 5984. Second discount: 5984 × (1 - 0.20) = 5984 × 0.80 = 4787.2. Alternatively: 6800 × 0.88 × 0.80 = 6800 × 0.704 = 4787.2. Successive discounts compound multiplicatively. Options B, C, and D are miscalculations.

Multiple choice

After giving a discount of 40% on an article, there is still a profit of 25%. If no discount is given, then what will be the profit percentage? एक वस्तु पर 40% की छूट देने के बाद भी 25% का लाभ प्राप्त होता है । यदि कोई छूट नहीं दी जाती है, तो लाभ प्रतिशत क्या होगा?

  1. 109.33

  2. 25

  3. 107.67

  4. 108.33
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let marked price = M. After 40% discount, selling price = 0.6M. This gives 25% profit, so 0.6M = 1.25 × Cost. Cost = 0.6M/1.25 = 0.48M. Without discount, selling price = M. Profit = (M - 0.48M)/0.48M × 100 = 0.52/0.48 × 100 = 108.33%.

Multiple choice

A man sold a fan at 15% profit. If he sold it at 18% profit, he gets Rs. 960 more. So find the cost price of the fan?

  1. Rs. 32900

  2. Rs. 32700

  3. Rs. 32000

  4. Rs. 32600

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The correct answer is C. Let the cost price be x. The difference between 18% profit and 15% profit is 3% of x, which equals Rs. 960. So 0.03x = 960, giving x = 960 / 0.03 = Rs. 32,000. Options A, B, and D are incorrect calculations. The key insight is that the 3% difference in profit rates directly corresponds to the Rs. 960 difference in selling prices.

Multiple choice

An item is sold at two successive gains of 66.67% and 37.5%. If the final selling price is Rs 2200, then what is the cost price (in Rs)? एक वस्तु 66.67% और 37.5% के दो क्रमिक लाभ पर बेचा जाता है। यदि अंतिम विक्रय मूल्य 2200 रुपये है, तो लागत मूल्य (रु में) क्या है?

  1. 670

  2. 560

  3. 960

  4. 660
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. After 66.67% (2/3) gain: x × 5/3. After 37.5% (3/8) gain: (5x/3) × 11/8 = 55x/24 = 2200. Therefore x = 2200 × 24/55 = 960. Verify: 960 × 5/3 = 1600, then 1600 × 11/8 = 2200. Working backwards uses the same multipliers.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sells a transistor at 15% above its cost price. If he had bought it at 5% more than what he paid for it and sold it for Rs.6 more, he would have gained 10%. The cost price of the transistor is? एक दुकानदार एक ट्रांजिस्टर को इसके क्रय मूल्य से 15% अधिक मूल्य पर बेचता है। यदि वह इसे जितना उसने इसके लिए धनराशि चुकाई उससे 5% अधिक में खरीदे और इसे रु. 6 अधिक में बेचे तो उसे 10% का लाभ होता है। ट्रांजिस्टर का क्रय मूल्य क्या है?

  1. Rs. 1200

  2. Rs. 1500

  3. Rs. 1000

  4. Rs. 1250
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Original SP = 1.15x. New CP = 1.05x, new SP = 1.15x + 6. New profit = 10%, so (1.15x + 6)/(1.05x) = 1.10. This gives 1.15x + 6 = 1.155x, so 0.005x = 6, x = 1200. This profit and loss problem requires setting up equations with percentages and solving for the cost price.

Multiple choice

After allowing a discount of 12% on the marked price of an article, it is sold for Rs. 880.Find its marked price. एक वस्तु के अंकित मूल्य पर 12% की छूट दी जाती है और इसे 880 रू.में बेचा जाता है। इसका अंकित मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए।

  1. Rs. 1100

  2. Rs.2000

  3. Rs.1000

  4. Rs.2100
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Selling price = Marked Price × (1 - Discount%). So 880 = MP × 0.88. Therefore MP = 880/0.88 = 1000. Option A (1100) and D (2100) don't satisfy the equation. Option B (2000) would give a selling price of 1760, not 880.