Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A camel and a cart together cost Rs. 5000. If by selling the camel at a profit of 10% and the cart at a loss of 10% a total profit of 2.5% is made, then what is the cost price of the camel?

  1. 4500

  2. 3125

  3. 3000

  4. 2100

  5. 3800
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let camel cost = C, cart cost = 5000-C. Selling camel at 10% profit: 1.1C. Selling cart at 10% loss: 0.9(5000-C). Total selling price = 1.1C + 0.9(5000-C) = 1.1C + 4500 - 0.9C = 4500 + 0.2C. Total cost = 5000. Profit = 2.5% of 5000 = 125. So 4500 + 0.2C = 5125, giving 0.2C = 625 and C = 3125.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper marks his article in such a way that even after allowing 18% discount on marked price, he gains 28%. If the cost price of the article is Rs.246, find the marked price of the article.

  1. 342

  2. 384

  3. 348

  4. 324

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cost Price (CP) = Rs.246. Gain = 28%, so Selling Price (SP) = 128% of CP = 1.28 * 246 = Rs.314.88. Discount = 18%, so SP = 82% of Marked Price (MP). Therefore, 0.82 * MP = 314.88, so MP = 314.88 / 0.82 = Rs.384. The marked price is Rs.384, which matches option B.

Multiple choice

4% of selling price of an article is equal to 5% of its cost price. Again 20% of the selling price is Rs.120 more than 22% of its price. The difference of cost price and selling price

  1. Rs.2500

  2. Rs.2000

  3. Rs.1500

  4. Rs.1000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

From the first statement: 4% of SP = 5% of CP, which means SP/CP = 5/4 = 1.25. Let CP = x, then SP = 1.25x. From the second statement: 20% of SP = 22% of CP + 120. Substituting: 0.20(1.25x) = 0.22x + 120, which gives 0.25x = 0.22x + 120. Solving: 0.03x = 120, so x = 4000. Therefore CP = Rs.4000, SP = Rs.5000, and SP - CP = Rs.1000.

Multiple choice

The cost of two articles is the same. One article among them is sold at a profit of 15% and the other is sold at a profit of 12%. If the difference between their selling prices is Rs.18, what is the cost of each article?

  1. Rs.570

  2. Rs.690

  3. Rs.400

  4. Rs.600
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost of each article be Rs. x. Selling price at 15% profit is 1.15x, and at 12% profit is 1.12x. The difference (1.15x - 1.12x) = 0.03x equals Rs.18. Solving: 0.03x = 18, so x = 18 / 0.03 = Rs.600. We can verify: 15% of 600 = 90 (SP = 690), 12% of 600 = 72 (SP = 672), and 690 - 672 = 18. This matches the given condition.

Multiple choice

Given below are 3 statements with each question, you have to decide that which of the following statement/statements are necessary to answer the question. How much the cost price should be increased to make it marked price, if Statement I: A trader wants to gain 25% on Cost Price Statement II: A trader gains 20% on articles Selling Price Statement III: A trader gains 20% on articles Cost Price after giving a discount of 20% on Marked Price

  1. I and II Together

  2. II and III Together

  3. Only III

  4. All I, II and III Together

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. From Statement III: SP = CP + 20% of CP = 1.2x. Also SP = MP - 20% of MP = 0.8MP. So 0.8MP = 1.2x, MP = 1.5x. CP to MP increase = (1.5x - x)/x × 100 = 50%. Statement III alone is sufficient. Statements I and II are not needed. Therefore claimed answer C is correct.

Multiple choice

A and B sold the same article. The marked price of product is Rs.24000. A gives the discount of 10% on the first 40% amount of marked up price and on remaining he gives 15 % discount. B gives 15% discount on first Rs. 20000 and 10% on remaining .What is the difference between their selling prices.

  1. Rs.240

  2. Rs.280

  3. Rs.360

  4. Rs.540
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

For A: First 40% of Rs.24000 = Rs.9600, discounted at 10% = Rs.8640. Remaining 60% = Rs.14400, discounted at 15% = Rs.12240. A's selling price = Rs.8640 + Rs.12240 = Rs.20880. For B: First Rs.20000 at 15% discount = Rs.17000. Remaining Rs.4000 at 10% discount = Rs.3600. B's selling price = Rs.17000 + Rs.3600 = Rs.20600. Difference = Rs.20880 - Rs.20600 = Rs.280.

Multiple choice

What was the percentage of discount offered? I. Profit earned by selling the article for Rs. 252 after giving discount was Rs. 52. II. Had there been no discount the profit earned would have been Rs. 80 III. Had there been no discount the profit earned would have been 40%.

  1. I and II only

  2. II and either I or III only

  3. I and III only

  4. I and either II or III only

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

From I: Selling price = Rs. 252, Profit = Rs. 52, so Cost Price = Rs. 200. From II: Without discount, profit = Rs. 80, so Marked Price = Rs. 280. From III: 40% profit on Rs. 200 = Rs. 80, which is the same as II. So we need I to find CP, and either II or III to find MP. Discount = 280 - 252 = Rs. 28, so discount % = 28/280 × 100 = 10%.

Multiple choice

A man bought three articles for Rs.3000 each. He sold the article respectively at 10% profit, 5% profit and 15% loss. The total percentage profit/loss is?

  1. 10% loss

  2. 5% loss

  3. 5% profit

  4. No profit no loss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Total cost = 3000 x 3 = Rs.9000. Profit on first: 10% of 3000 = Rs.300. Profit on second: 5% of 3000 = Rs.150. Loss on third: 15% of 3000 = Rs.450. Net result: 300 + 150 - 450 = 0. Since total profit equals total loss, there is no overall profit or loss.

Multiple choice

A dishonest seller marks the price of sugar 32.5% above the cost price and claims that he sells sugar at a discount of 20% but, he uses a measure of 800 gm instead of 1 Kg. Find his overall profit percent .

  1. 32.5%

  2. 22.5 %

  3. 32 %

  4. 36.25 %

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Marked price = 132.5% of CP. After 20% discount, selling price = 106% of CP. But seller gives only 800g instead of 1000g. Effective selling price for actual 1kg = (106/800)*1000 = 132.5% of CP. Profit = 32.5%. The discount loss is exactly compensated by the false measure gain.

Multiple choice

A person purchased two articles at the same price and on selling the first article he makes a profit of 19 \%. Selling price of second article is Rs 96 more than the selling price of the first article . Find the cost price of one article if his overall profit percent is 21 \% ?

  1. 2400 Rs

  2. 2100 Rs

  3. 2000 Rs

  4. 1400 Rs

  5. None of These
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of each article = x. First article SP = x + 0.19x = 1.19x. Second article SP = 1.19x + 96. Total CP = 2x, total SP = 2.38x + 96. Overall profit = 21%, so 1.21(2x) = 2.38x + 96, giving 2.42x = 2.38x + 96, so 0.04x = 96, x = 2400. Option A is correct.

Multiple choice

An article when sold at 10% discount on the marked price gave a profit of Rs 70. What is the cost price?

  1. 700

  2. 350

  3. 125

  4. Cannot be determined
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP be cost price and MP be marked price. Selling at 10% discount: SP = 0.9 × MP. Profit is Rs 70, so SP = CP + 70. This gives 0.9 × MP = CP + 70. But we have ONE equation with TWO unknowns (MP and CP). Without knowing either MP or a relationship between MP and CP, CP cannot be determined uniquely. For example, if MP = 1000, then CP = 830; if MP = 800, then CP = 630.

Multiple choice

There are two shopkeepers, first shopkeeper calculates his profit percent on the selling price whereas the second shopkeeper calculates his profit percent on the cost price. If the selling price for both the shopkeeper is same and the difference between their profits is Rs 175. Then, calculate the sum of the cost price for both the shopkeeper if the profit percent for the both shopkeeper is 25%?

  1. 5425

  2. 4875

  3. 4675

  4. 5275

  5. 5325
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let SP be selling price for both. Shopkeeper 1 (profit on SP): Profit = 0.25 * SP, so CP1 = 0.75 * SP. Shopkeeper 2 (profit on CP): Profit = 0.25 * CP2, so SP = 1.25 * CP2, CP2 = 0.8 * SP. Difference: 0.25SP - 0.25*0.8SP = 0.25SP - 0.2SP = 0.05SP = 175, so SP = 3500. Sum of CP = 0.75SP + 0.8SP = 1.55 * 3500 = 5425. Answer A is correct.

Multiple choice

‘X’ is a bread seller who marked up price of each bread packet by 150% above and allow discounts of 40% and made a profit of Rs. 30 on each bread packet. If ‘X’ allows 37.5% discount on each packet, then find how much profit he gets on selling 80 bread packets?

  1. 2750

  2. 3200

  3. 2700

  4. 2500

  5. 2400
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Markup 150% means SP = 2.5 * CP. After 40% discount: actual SP = 0.6 * 2.5 * CP = 1.5 * CP. Profit = 0.5 * CP = 30, so CP = 60. New discount 37.5%: SP = 0.625 * 2.5 * 60 = 93.75. Profit per packet = 33.75. For 80 packets: 33.75 * 80 = 2700. Answer C is correct.