Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

The price of the refrigerator is Rs. 22000. A shopkeeper marks its price 15% above the its cost price and give a discount of 8%. The discount is ?

  1. Rs.1960

  2. Rs.1824

  3. Rs.1672

  4. Rs.2024
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cost Price (CP) = Rs. 22000. Marked Price (MP) = 22000 + 15% of 22000 = 22000 + 3300 = Rs. 25300. Discount = 8% of MP = 0.08 × 25300 = Rs. 2024. The question asks for the discount amount, not the selling price. Option D is correct.

Multiple choice

A person X sold an Item to Y at 40% loss, then Y sold it to third person Z at 40% profit and finally Z sold it back to X at 40% profit. In this whole process what is the percentage loss or profit of X?

  1. 67.9%

  2. 56%

  3. 57.6%

  4. 48.5%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let X's initial item value = Rs 100. X sells to Y at 40% loss: Y pays = 100 × 0.60 = Rs 60. Y sells to Z at 40% profit: Z pays = 60 × 1.40 = Rs 84. Z sells back to X at 40% profit: X pays = 84 × 1.40 = Rs 117.60. X's total cash flow: received Rs 60, paid Rs 117.60, net loss = Rs 57.60 on initial value of Rs 100. Loss percentage = 57.60%. Therefore C (57.6%) is correct.

Multiple choice

A man sells a cup of tea at a profit of 17 % . If he bought it 15 % less and sold it for Rs 4.4 more, he would have gained 48 %. Find the cost price of a cup of tea ?

  1. 75 Rs

  2. 50 Rs

  3. 150 Rs

  4. 125 Rs

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price be x. Original selling price = x + 0.17x = 1.17x. New cost price = 0.85x (15% less). New selling price = 1.17x + 4.4. New profit = 48%, so new selling price = 1.48 × 0.85x = 1.258x. Setting equal: 1.17x + 4.4 = 1.258x. Solving: 4.4 = 0.088x, so x = 50.

Multiple choice

Suresh sold a book at a loss of 30\%. If he had sold it for Rs. 140 more, he would have made a profit of 40\%. The cost price of the book is ?

  1. 280

  2. 200

  3. 260

  4. 300
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP be x. Selling at 30% loss means SP = 0.7x. If sold for Rs. 140 more, SP = 0.7x + 140, which gives 40% profit, so this equals 1.4x. Therefore: 0.7x + 140 = 1.4x, which gives 140 = 0.7x, so x = 140/0.7 = Rs. 200. The cost price of the book is Rs. 200.

Multiple choice

What is the selling price of the Nike shoes if no discount is offered? Statement I : Cost price of the Nike shoes is Rs 8000. Statement II : After giving two successive discounts of 10% and 15% on the marked price, he earned a profit of 20%. Statement III : After giving a single discount of 25% on the marked price, he gets a profit of Rs 700.

  1. Only III and I

  2. Only I and II

  3. I and either II or III

  4. All of these

  5. Any two of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

We need selling price (no discount = marked price). Statement I gives CP = 8000. Statement II: Two successive discounts (10%, 15%) give SP = 0.9 × 0.85 × MP = 0.765 MP. With 20% profit: 0.765 MP = 1.2 × 8000, so MP = 12549. Statement III: Single 25% discount gives SP = 0.75 MP, and profit = 700 means 0.75 MP = 8000 + 700, so MP = 11600. Using I with either II or III gives different MP values from different discount scenarios, but we can calculate SP from each combination.

Multiple choice

The cost price of article A is double than that of article B and a shopkeeper marks up both the articles 30 % more than the cost price. If at the time of sale, the shopkeeper gave Rs. 99 discount on the total and earns 19 % profit on the total, find the cost price of article A.

  1. 600

  2. 300

  3. 900

  4. 400

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let B's CP = x, then A's CP = 2x. Total CP = 3x. Both marked up 30%, so total MP = 1.3 × 3x = 3.9x. After Rs 99 discount, SP = 3.9x - 99. Profit is 19%, so SP = 1.19 × 3x = 3.57x. Equating: 3.9x - 99 = 3.57x, so 0.33x = 99, x = 300. A's CP = 2x = Rs 600. The cost price of article A is 600.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper wants to make some profit by selling rice. He contemplates about various methods. Which of the following would maximise his profit? I. Sell rice at 15% profit. II. Use 850 g of weight instead of 1 kg. III. Mix 15% impurities in rice and selling rice at cost price. IV. Increase the price by 7.5% and reduce weights by 7.5%.

  1. I or III

  2. II

  3. II, III and IV

  4. Profits are same

  5. I and II
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Method I: 15% profit. Method II: 850g instead of 1000g means selling 850g at 1000g price, so profit = (1000-850)/850 = 17.65%. Method III: 15% impurities means selling only 85% rice at full price, so profit = (100-85)/85 = 17.65%. Method IV: 7.5% price increase and 7.5% weight decrease gives approximately 15.4% profit. Method II gives the highest profit at 17.65%.

Multiple choice

A factory outlet has decided to dispose of its old stock by selling only one set of cups for Rs. 287, recovering only variable costs. If the fixed cost is 18% of the total cost, what was the cost price of each set of cups?

  1. Rs. 320

  2. Rs. 350

  3. Rs. 325

  4. Rs. 340
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The selling price of Rs. 287 covers only variable costs, meaning it's 82% of the total cost (since fixed cost is 18%). Let CP be the cost price. Then 82% of CP = 287, so CP = 287/0.82 = 350. Option A (320) would give variable cost of ~262. Option C (325) and D (340) don't satisfy the 82% ratio.

Multiple choice

The difference of 33% loss and 7% profit on selling an article is Rs. 220. What is the cost price of the item?

  1. Rs. 550

  2. Rs. 525

  3. Rs. 600

  4. Rs. 575
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A 33% loss means the selling price is 67% of cost price (100% - 33%). A 7% profit means the selling price is 107% of cost price. The difference between these two selling prices is 107% - 67% = 40% of the cost price. Given this difference is Rs. 220, we have 40% of CP = 220, so CP = 220 × 100/40 = Rs. 550. Alternatively: Let CP be x. Then 1.07x - 0.67x = 220, so 0.40x = 220, giving x = 550.

Multiple choice

Rajesh sold an article to Sachin at a loss of 28%. Sachin spent Rs. 168 on its repairs and sold it to Vijay for Rs. 3591, thereby, making a profit of 12.5%. Find the cost price of the article for Rajesh.

  1. Rs. 3800

  2. Rs. 3500

  3. Rs. 4000

  4. Rs. 4200
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Work backwards: Vijay paid Rs.3591 at 12.5% profit, so Sachin's cost = 3591/1.125 = Rs.3192. This includes repair cost, so Rajesh's selling price = 3192-168 = Rs.3024. Rajesh sold at 28% loss, so CP = 3024/0.72 = Rs.4200. Check: 4200 × 0.72 = 3024; 3024+168 = 3192; 3192 × 1.125 = 3591 ✓

Multiple choice

What is the selling price of the T.V. set if no discount is offered? I. Profit earned was 20%. II. Had 10% discount been offered on the selling price, the profit would have been Rs. 1200. III. Cost price is Rs. 15000.

  1. Any two of the three

  2. Only I & II

  3. Only I & III

  4. Only II & III

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

To find the selling price, we can use any two statements: I and III give SP = 120% of CP = ₹18,000. I and II together don't work without CP. II and III also work: if 10% discount leaves ₹1200 profit, then 0.9×SP - 15000 = 1200, giving SP = ₹18,000. Since any two of the three statements can solve it, option A is correct.

Multiple choice

A salesman sells a commodity at 10% profit. If he had bought it at 10% less and sold it for Rs 4 less, then he would have gained (\frac{50}{3})% . The cost price of the commodity is -

  1. 120

  2. 80

  3. 60

  4. 90

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price be x. Original selling price = 1.1x. In the new scenario, cost price = 0.9x and selling price = 1.1x - 4, giving a profit of 50/3%. This means new SP = 0.9x × (7/6) = 1.05x. Equating: 1.1x - 4 = 1.05x, so 0.05x = 4, giving x = 80. The distractors (120, 60, 90) come from incorrect equation setup or calculation errors.

Multiple choice

The Cost Price of watch B is 20% more than that of watch A, watches A and B were marked up by 50% and 40% respectively. Watch A was sold at a discount of 20% and watch B was sold at discount of 30%. If the SP of watch A was Rs 30 more than the SP of watch B, then what was the CP of watch B?

  1. 1200

  2. 1750

  3. 1000

  4. 1250

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of A = x. Then CP of B = 1.2x. Marked price of A = 1.5x, sold at 20% discount, so SP of A = 1.5x × 0.8 = 1.2x. Marked price of B = 1.2x × 1.4 = 1.68x, sold at 30% discount, so SP of B = 1.68x × 0.7 = 1.176x. Given SP of A is Rs 30 more than SP of B: 1.2x = 1.176x + 30, so 0.024x = 30, x = 1250. CP of B = 1.2x = 1.2 × 1250 = Rs 1500. Since 1500 is not among the options, the answer is 'None of these'.