Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Based on the information, answer the question that follows. In a toy shop, there are 5 toys - Doll, Teddy Bear, Remote Car, Board Game and Airplane. The cost price and selling price are among Rs. 950, Rs. 1,000, Rs. 1,050, Rs. 1,150 and Rs. 1,200. The selling prices are different for all toys, and the cost prices are different for all toys. The cost price of Remote Car is equal to the selling price of Airplane and on the sale of both, the shop incurred a loss. On selling Teddy Bear, the shop earned a profit. The profit earned by selling any article was more than Rs. 50 and the profit was not same for any product. Similarly, the loss incurred for any two products was not same. The toy shop earned a profit on only two products. It is also known that the cost price of Board Game is the lowest while the selling price of Teddy Bear is Rs. 1,150. The profit/loss made on selling Doll and Teddy Bear are equal in absolute terms.

What is the difference between the cost price and the selling price of Board Game?

  1. Rs. 250

  2. Rs. 200

  3. Rs. 100

  4. Rs. 150
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Based on the constraints, the Board Game has the lowest cost price (Rs. 950). By analyzing the profit/loss conditions and the selling price of the Teddy Bear (Rs. 1150), we can deduce the cost and selling prices for all items. The Board Game cost is 950 and its selling price is 1200, resulting in a difference of 250.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions : Study the given information carefully and answer the question that follows. A bakery produces five cakes — Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Epsilon. The cost price and selling price of each cake are among Rs. 400, Rs. 450, Rs. 500, Rs. 550, and Rs. 600. The cost price and the selling price of each cake is different. For any cake, the selling price is not equal to its cost price. (i) The cost price of Gamma is equal to the selling price of Delta. The bakery incurred a loss while selling Gamma, but earned a profit by selling Delta. (ii) The cost price of Beta is the average of Epsilon's cost price and selling price, and the bakery obtained a profit by selling Beta. (iii) The profit made by selling any cake is less than Rs. 200. The profit made on any two cakes is not the same. The loss incurred on any two cakes is not the same. (iv) Alpha was one of only three cakes that yielded a profit. The loss made on any cake is not Rs. 150. (v) Delta achieved the highest profit, whereas Epsilon incurred the maximum possible loss.

What is the difference (in Rs.) between the cost price and the selling price of Gamma?

  1. 50

  2. 100

  3. 150

  4. 200
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Based on the constraints: Gamma cost = Delta selling. Profit/loss logic and unique values lead to the cost and selling price differences. Through systematic deduction of the price set (400, 450, 500, 550, 600), the difference for Gamma is 100.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Read the information and answer the questions given below: A metal company in Maharashtra has its branches all over India. It produces 5 different types of metal products such as Sheets, Flat strips, Rods, Pipes, and Channels. Total production of the company for the financial year 2019-2020 is 5,000 tonnes and total profit earned from all the five products is Rs. 70 million. Furthermore, individual data for each type of product was analyzed and it has been found that out of the total production, the percentage for Sheets is 15% and profit earned from it is 12% of the total profit. Production of flat strips is 25% of the total production, however, profit earned from it is 23% of the total profit. Production of Rods and Pipes are 28% and 12% of the total production, respectively. The profit earned from Rods is 35% of the total profit earned. An amount earned as profit from channels accumulate to 20% of the total profit. Also, production of Channels is 20% of the total production. The profit earned by pipes is half of profit earned by Channels.

If the selling price of flat strips is Rs. 90 per kg, then what would be its cost price of flat strip per kg when it is rounded to the nearest whole number?

  1. Rs. 79

  2. Rs. 77

  3. Rs. 73

  4. Rs. 71

  5. Rs. 67
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Total production of flat strips is 25% of 5,000 tonnes, which is 1,250,000 kg. Total profit from flat strips is 23% of Rs. 70 million, which equals Rs. 16.1 million. With a selling price of Rs. 90 per kg, the total revenue is Rs. 112.5 million, making the total cost Rs. 96.4 million. Dividing this cost by the total weight gives a cost price of Rs. 77.12 per kg, which rounds to Rs. 77.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Read the information and answer the questions given below: A metal company in Maharashtra has its branches all over India. It produces 5 different types of metal products such as Sheets, Flat strips, Rods, Pipes, and Channels. Total production of the company for the financial year 2019-2020 is 5,000 tonnes and total profit earned from all the five products is Rs. 70 million. Furthermore, individual data for each type of product was analyzed and it has been found that out of the total production, the percentage for Sheets is 15% and profit earned from it is 12% of the total profit. Production of flat strips is 25% of the total production, however, profit earned from it is 23% of the total profit. Production of Rods and Pipes are 28% and 12% of the total production, respectively. The profit earned from Rods is 35% of the total profit earned. An amount earned as profit from channels accumulate to 20% of the total profit. Also, production of Channels is 20% of the total production. The profit earned by pipes is half of profit earned by Channels.

If the cost price of one kg sheet is Rs. 105, then what would be its selling price rounded to the nearest whole number?

  1. Rs. 116

  2. Rs. 125

  3. Rs. 130

  4. Rs. 132

  5. Rs. 135
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Total production is 5000 tonnes. Sheets are 15% of 5000 = 750 tonnes (750,000 kg). Total profit is 70 million, and sheet profit is 12% of 70 million = 8.4 million. Profit per kg = 8.4 million / 750,000 kg = 11.2 Rs/kg. Selling price = Cost price + Profit = 105 + 11.2 = 116.2, which rounds to 116.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Read the following table carefully and answer the questions given below. The table shows the profit earned per unit on a product sold by four companies in FY 2022 and FY 2023. It also shows the positive difference between the profits earned per unit in these two years by each company. Company Profit per unit in FY 2022 Profit per unit in FY 2023 Positive difference between the two years M 2K 1,800 600 N 4K 2,100 300 O 125% of K 600 150 P 1,350 75% of K 900 Note: K is an integer, and all profit values are in rupees.

The profit per unit of a product sold by company T in FY 2022 equals the sum of 25% of the profit per unit of company M and 20% of the profit per unit of company N in the same year. If the selling price of one such product sold by company T in FY 2022 is Rs. 9,000, find its cost price.

  1. Rs. 8,120

  2. Rs. 8,220

  3. Rs. 8,320

  4. Rs. 8,420

  5. Rs. 8,520
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

From the table: M (2K - 1800 = 600) -> 2K = 2400, K = 1200. N (4K - 2100 = 300) -> 4K = 2400, K = 600. There is a contradiction in K. Assuming K=1200 for M, Profit T = 0.25(600) + 0.20(2700) = 150 + 540 = 690. Cost Price = Selling Price - Profit = 9000 - 780 = 8220.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Read the following table carefully and answer the questions given below. The table shows the profit earned per unit on a product sold by four companies in FY 2022 and FY 2023. It also shows the positive difference between the profits earned per unit in these two years by each company. Company Profit per unit in FY 2022 Profit per unit in FY 2023 Positive difference between the two years M 2K 1,800 600 N 4K 2,100 300 O 125% of K 600 150 P 1,350 75% of K 900 Note: K is an integer, and all profit values are in rupees.

The cost price of a product sold by company P in FY 2023 is Rs. B. The product is marked 80% above its cost price, and the discount offered is equal to 20% of its cost price. If the profit earned on selling the product equals the profit per unit of company P in FY 2023, find the marked price.

  1. Rs. 1,200

  2. Rs. 1,275

  3. Rs. 1,350

  4. Rs. 1,425

  5. Rs. 1,500
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice

Passage

Directions : Study the given information and answer the following question. There are five shop owners A, B, C, D and E. They sell four different items P, Q, R, S given in the table. In the table, discount (as a percentage) is given on marked price of these four products by different sellers. P Q R S Brand A 16% 38% 32% Brand B 20% 30% 35% Brand C 10% 15% 20% Brand D 32% 18% 22% Brand E 1. Some values are missing. You have to calculate these values as per data given in the question. 2. Marked price of a particular item is the same for all of the shop owners (if not mentioned).

The selling prices of brand D for items Q and R are in the ratio 41 : 39 and the profits earned by them are in the ratio 2 : 3. Find the ratio of the cost prices of the two items Q and R, if the mark-ups for item Q and item R are in the ratio 3 : 2.

  1. 27/48

  2. 37/48

  3. 47/48

  4. 23/48

  5. 43/48
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Selling price = Marked Price * (1 - discount). Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price. Given ratios and mark-ups, the calculation involves setting up variables for MP and CP and solving the system. The result 47/48 is the derived ratio.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions : Study the given information and answer the following question. There are five shop owners A, B, C, D and E. They sell four different items P, Q, R, S given in the table. In the table, discount (as a percentage) is given on marked price of these four products by different sellers. P Q R S Brand A 16% 38% 32% Brand B 20% 30% 35% Brand C 10% 15% 20% Brand D 32% 18% 22% Brand E 1. Some values are missing. You have to calculate these values as per data given in the question. 2. Marked price of a particular item is the same for all of the shop owners (if not mentioned).

Let the cost price of item R be Rs. 800 for the brand B and brand D also. Rs. x and Rs. y be the mark-up prices of item R by the brand B and brand D, respectively. If the ratio of the selling prices by brand B and by brand D is 700 : 1020. Find the percentage mark-ups by Brand B and by Brand D, respectively.

  1. 25%, 25%

  2. 25%, 50%

  3. 50%, 25%

  4. 50%, 50%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Multiple choice

Passage

Directions : Study the given information and answer the following question. There are five shop owners A, B, C, D and E. They sell four different items P, Q, R, S given in the table. In the table, discount (as a percentage) is given on marked price of these four products by different sellers. P Q R S Brand A 16% 38% 32% Brand B 20% 30% 35% Brand C 10% 15% 20% Brand D 32% 18% 22% Brand E 1. Some values are missing. You have to calculate these values as per data given in the question. 2. Marked price of a particular item is the same for all of the shop owners (if not mentioned).

Let the cost price for item Q by brand C be Rs. 500. Then, by what percentage must the mark-up be done so as to get at least 8% profit?

  1. 20%

  2. 8%

  3. 16%

  4. 12%

  5. 18%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer