Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

Passage

In each of the following questions, a question & then two statements – I & II are given. You have to determine that the data provided in these statements is enough to answer the question or not. Study both the statement: निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक प्रश्न में एक प्रश्न और फिर दो कथन I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको यह निर्धारित करना है कि इन कथनों में प्रदान किया गया डेटा प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त है या नहीं। दोनों कथनों का अध्ययन करें:

What is the marked price of an article? एक वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य क्या है? Statement I: The selling price after giving 25% discount on the marked price is Rs. 600. Statement II: If the article was sold on the marked price then the profit earned on the cost price would be either 60% or Rs. 300. कथन I: अंकित मूल्य पर 25% की छूट देने के बाद विक्रय मूल्य रु. 600. कथन II: यदि वस्तु को अंकित मूल्य पर बेचा जाता है तो क्रय मूल्य पर अर्जित लाभ या तो 60% या रु. 300 है

  1. Only Statement I alone. केवल कथन I

  2. Only Statement II alone. केवल कथन II

  3. Both Statements I and II together. दोनों कथन I और II एक साथ

  4. Neither Statement I nor II is sufficient. न तो कथन I और न ही II पर्याप्त है।

  5. Either Statement I or II. या तो कथन I या II
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

We need the marked price. Statement I: After 25% discount, SP = Rs. 600. So 0.75 × MP = 600, MP = 600/0.75 = Rs. 800. Statement I alone is sufficient. Statement II: If sold at MP, profit is either 60% or Rs. 300. This means 60% of CP = 300 (since profit is either 60% OR Rs. 300, these must be equal). So 0.6 CP = 300, CP = Rs. 500. Then MP = CP + profit = 500 + 300 = Rs. 800. Statement II alone is also sufficient. Since either statement alone gives the answer, option E is correct.

Multiple choice

Passage

In each of the following questions, read the given statement and compare the Quantity I and Quantity II on its basis. निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक प्रश्न में दिए गए कथन को पढ़िए और उसके आधार पर मात्रा I और मात्रा II की तुलना कीजिए।

A shopkeeper gives 10% discount on the marked price but adds 5% tax on the discounted price. एक दुकानदार अंकित मूल्य पर 10% की छूट देता है लेकिन छूट वाले मूल्य पर 5% कर जोड़ता है। Quantity I: If the selling price of the article is Rs. 1134 then what is the marked price of the article? Quantity II: 990 मात्रा I: यदि वस्तु का विक्रय मूल्य रु. 1134 तो वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य क्या है? मात्रा II: 990

  1. Quantity: I > Quantity: II मात्रा: I > मात्रा: II

  2. Quantity: I ≥ Quantity: II मात्रा: I ≥ मात्रा: II

  3. Quantity: I < Quantity: II मात्रा: I < मात्रा: II

  4. Quantity: II ≥ Quantity: I मात्रा: II ≥ मात्रा: I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or relation can't be established मात्रा I = मात्रा II या संबंध स्थापित नहीं किया जा सकता
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: Let marked price = M. After 10% discount: 0.9M. After 5% tax: 0.9M × 1.05 = 0.945M = 1134. So M = 1134/0.945 = 1200. Quantity II = 990. Since 1200 > 990, Quantity I > Quantity II. Option A correctly states I > II.

Multiple choice

Passage

In each of the following questions, read the given statement and compare the Quantity I and Quantity II on its basis. निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक प्रश्न में दिए गए कथन को पढ़िए और उसके आधार पर मात्रा I और मात्रा II की तुलना कीजिए।

Quantity I: The shopkeeper sold an article at 10 % discount on marked price and he gains 20 %. If the marked price of the article is Rs. 400, then the cost price is? Quantity II: The shopkeeper marks the price of the book Rs. 350 and his profit % is 15%. Find the cost price of the book, if he allows a discount of 8%? मात्रा I: एक दुकानदार नें अंकित मूल्य पर 10% छूट देने के पश्चात एक वस्तु पर 20% का लाभ प्राप्त किया। यदि वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य 400 रुपये है, तो लागत मूल्य है? मात्रा II: दुकानदार ने किताब की कीमत 350 रुपये अंकित की और उसका लाभ प्रतिशत 15% है। अगर वह 8% की छूट की अनुमति देता, तो पुस्तक की लागत मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये?

  1. Quantity: I > Quantity: II मात्रा I > मात्रा II

  2. Quantity: I ≥ Quantity: II मात्रा I ≥ मात्रा II

  3. Quantity: I < Quantity: II मात्रा I < मात्रा II

  4. Quantity: II ≥ Quantity: I मात्रा II ≥ मात्रा I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or relation can't be established मात्रा I = मात्रा II या संबंध स्थापित नहीं किया जा सकता
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: Marked Price = 400, Selling Price after 10% discount = 400 × 0.9 = 360. Profit = 20%, so Cost Price = 360/1.2 = 300. Quantity II: Marked Price = 350, Discount = 8%, so Selling Price = 350 × 0.92 = 322. Profit = 15%, so Cost Price = 322/1.15 = 280. Therefore Quantity I (300) > Quantity II (280).

Multiple choice

Passage

Each of the questions below consists of a question and three statements numbered I, II and III given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read all the statements and give answer: नीचे दिए गए प्रत्येक प्रश्न में एक प्रश्न और उसके नीचे तीन कथन क्रमांक I, II और III दिए गए हैं। आपको यह तय करना है कि कथनों में दिया गया डेटा प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त है या नहीं। सभी कथनों को पढ़िए और उत्तर दीजिए:

What is the marked price of an article? एक वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य क्या है? Statement I : The selling price of the article is Rs. 800. Statement II : Selling price after offering 5% discount on the marked price is Rs. 285. Statement III : Marked price of the article is 20% above the cost price. कथन I : वस्तु का विक्रय मूल्य रु. 800. कथन II: अंकित मूल्य पर 5% की छूट देने के बाद विक्रय मूल्य रु. 285. कथन III: वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य क्रय मूल्य से 20% अधिक है।

  1. Either statement III alone or statements I and II together are sufficient. या तो अकेले कथन III या कथन I और II एक साथ पर्याप्त हैं।

  2. Only statement II is sufficient. केवल कथन II पर्याप्त है।

  3. Only statement I and III is sufficient. केवल कथन I और III ही पर्याप्त है।

  4. Only statement I, II, and III are sufficient. केवल कथन I, II और III ही पर्याप्त हैं।

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement II alone is sufficient. If selling price after 5% discount is Rs. 285, then marked price = 285 ÷ 0.95 = Rs. 300. Statement I (SP = Rs. 800) and Statement III (MP is 20% above cost) are not needed to answer the question.

Multiple choice

Passage

Each of the following questions below consists of a question and two statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read both the statements and give answer नीचे दिए गए प्रत्येक प्रश्न में एक प्रश्न और उसके नीचे दो कथन क्रमांक I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको यह तय करना है कि कथनों में दिया गया डेटा प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त है या नहीं। दोनों कथनों को पढ़िए और उत्तर दीजिए

A seller makes a profit of 90 rupees after giving a discount of 20% on a cycle. What is the cost price of cycle? एक विक्रेता साइकिल पर 20% की छूट देकर 90 रुपये का लाभ कमाता है। साइकिल का क्रय मूल्य क्या है? Statement I : Marked price is 2 times of cost price. Statement II : The profit would have been 20%, if a discount of 40% was given. कथन I: अंकित मूल्य क्रय मूल्य का 2 गुना है। कथन II: यदि 40% की छूट दी जाती तो लाभ 20% होता।

  1. Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question but statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the questions कथन I अकेले प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त है लेकिन कथन II अकेले प्रश्नों का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं है

  2. Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question but statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question. कथन II अकेले प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त है लेकिन केवल कथन I अकेले प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं है।

  3. Both the statements taken together are necessary to answer the questions, but neither of the statements alone is sufficient to answer the question. दोनों कथनों को मिलाकर प्रश्नों का उत्तर देना आवश्यक है, लेकिन इनमें से कोई भी कथन अकेले प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं है।

  4. Either statement I or statement II by itself is sufficient to answer the question. या तो कथन I या कथन II अपने आप में प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त है

  5. Statements I and II taken together are not sufficient to answer the question. कथन I और II को मिलाकर प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्य
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I gives MP = 2 × CP. With 20% discount, SP = 0.8 × MP = 0.8 × 2CP = 1.6CP. Profit = 0.6CP = Rs. 90, so CP = 90/0.6 = Rs. 150. Statement I alone is sufficient. Statement II says with 40% discount, profit is 20%, so SP = 1.2CP = 0.6 × MP, which means MP = 2CP. This is the same information as Statement I, leading to the same calculation. Both statements independently give the answer.

Multiple choice

Passage

In each of the following questions below consists of a question and two statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read both the statements and give answer नीचे दिए गए प्रत्येक प्रश्न में एक प्रश्न और उसके नीचे दो कथन I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको यह तय करना होगा कि कथन में दिए गए डेटा प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त हैं या नहीं। दोनों कथनों को पढ़ें और उत्तर दें

What is the marked price of the shirt? शर्ट की चिह्नित कीमत क्या है?} I. A shopkeeper purchases 2 shirts for Rs 2200 and earns Rs 55 per shirt after giving 23% discount. II. A shopkeeper marks the price 36% more than the cost price and after giving some discount earns Rs.200 I. एक दुकानदार 2200 रुपये में 2 शर्ट खरीदता है और 23% छूट देने के बाद प्रति शर्ट 55 रुपये कमाता है। I।. एक दुकानदार लागत मूल्य से 36% अधिक मूल्य अंकित करता है और कुछ छूट देने के बाद 200 रुपये कमाता है

  1. Data in Statement I along are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement II alone are not sufficient to answer the question. कथन I में डेटा प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त हैं, जबकि कथन II में दिए गए डेटा प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं हैं।

  2. Data in Statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in Statement I alone are not sufficient to answer the question. कथन II में डेटा अकेले प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त है, जबकि कथन I में दिए गए डेटा प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं हैं।

  3. Data in Statement I alone or in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question. डेटा कथन I अकेले या कथन II अकेले प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त हैं।

  4. Data in both the statements I and II are not sufficient to answer the question. I और II दोनों कथनों में डेटा प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं है।

  5. Data in both the Statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question. प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए कथन I और II दो
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: CP of 2 shirts = Rs 2200, so CP per shirt = Rs 1100. After 23% discount, profit = Rs 55 per shirt. So SP = 1100 + 55 = Rs 1155. If MP is marked price, then SP = MP × (1 - 0.23) = 0.77 MP. So 0.77 MP = 1155, MP = Rs 1500. Statement I alone is sufficient. Statement II only tells MP = 1.36 CP and profit = Rs 200, but doesn't give CP or discount %, so it's insufficient.

Multiple choice

Passage

Read the given information carefully and answer the questions given below. A company is the producer of Mobiles and it used to sell Mobiles through distributor on a condition that on selling the stock of every 70 mobiles , he will get Rs 1470 as commission. The distributor is responsible to sell all those Mobiles to retailers. If he marks the Mobiles at the price which is 35 % above the production cost (cost price) and allows a discount of Q% . He sells total of ‘P’ Mobiles which is 60 less than total received stock by him. Total production price of whole stock of Mobiles received by him to sell to retailers is Rs 22 lakhs. The commission received by distributor is Rs 10290 and he made a profit of Rs 3.43 lakhs on selling the Mobiles .

If the distributor wants to earn a profit of 22.5% by giving a discount of 20% , then he will have to mark the mobile price by what % more than the cost price ? ( In correct decimal digits)

  1. 43.125 %

  2. 48.25 %

  3. 54.215 %

  4. 57.521 %

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = cost price. Desired profit = 22.5%, so SP = 1.225 × CP. Discount = 20% on marked price MP, so SP = 0.8 × MP. Therefore 0.8 × MP = 1.225 × CP, giving MP = 1.53125 × CP. Markup over CP = (1.53125 - 1) × 100 = 53.125%. None of the given options (43.125%, 48.25%, 54.215%, 57.521%) match 53.125%, so 'None of these' is correct.

Multiple choice

Passage

In each of the following questions, a question & then two statements – I & II are given. You have to determine that the data provided in these statements is enough to answer the question or not. Study both the statement:

What is the marked price of an article? Statement I: The cost price of the article is Rs. 300. Statement II: Selling price after offering 5% discount on the marked price is Rs. 475.

  1. Only Statement I alone.

  2. Only Statement II alone.

  3. Both Statements I and II together.

  4. Neither Statement I nor II is sufficient.

  5. Either Statement I or II.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: Only gives CP = Rs 300. No information about MP or discount. Not sufficient. Statement II: SP after 5% discount = Rs 475. So 0.95 × MP = 475, which gives MP = 475/0.95 = Rs 500. Statement II alone is sufficient (option B).

Multiple choice

Passage

Each of the following questions below consists of a question and two statements numbered I and II given. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements is sufficient to answer the question.

Find the cost price of article by shopkeeper on selling the article at Rs 240 ? Statement I: If the article sold at 25% more than profit earned will be Rs. 40 Statement II: Marked price of article is Rs 400 and profit% is equal to discount% and profit % is 40%.

  1. statement, I alone is sufficient to Answer

  2. statement II alone is sufficient to Answer

  3. Either Statement I or Statement II is sufficient to answer the question

  4. neither statement I nor II is sufficient to answer the question.

  5. Both statements I and II together is necessary to answer the question. Find the cost price of article by shopkeeper on selling the article at Rs 240 ?
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: SP = Rs 240. If sold at 25% more, SP' = 1.25 × 240 = 300. Profit = Rs 40, so CP = SP' - 40 = 260. Sufficient alone. Statement II: MP = Rs 400, profit% = discount% = 40%. SP = 400 × 0.6 = 240 (which matches given SP). Profit = 40% of CP, so 1.4 × CP = 240, giving CP = 240/1.4 = 171.43. Sufficient alone. Since either statement alone is sufficient, option C is correct.

Multiple choice

Passage

Each of the following questions below consists of a question and two statements numbered I and II given. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements is sufficient to answer the question.

What was profit made by shopkeeper on article? I. Shopkeeper sold article for Rs. of 7600 at 5% discount. II. If shopkeeper sold article on marked price, he would make a profit of 45%.

  1. Only statement I is sufficient

  2. Only statement II is sufficient

  3. Statement I and II both together sufficient

  4. Either statement I or Statement II alone sufficient

  5. neither statement I nor statement II sufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

From statement I: Selling price = Rs. 7600 at 5% discount. So 95% of MP = 7600, MP = 7600/0.95 = Rs. 8000. This gives MP but we need cost price and profit. From statement II: If sold at MP, profit = 45%. So 8000 = 1.45 × CP, CP = 8000/1.45 = Rs. 5517.24. Profit = 7600 - 5517.24 = Rs. 2082.76. Both statements together are necessary and sufficient. Statement I alone gives MP but not CP. Statement II alone gives the relationship but not MP values. Option C is correct.

Multiple choice

Passage

Each of the following questions below consists of a question and two statements numbered I and II given. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements is sufficient to answer the question.

‘Vivek’ mark up an article 50% above its cost price. Find the cost price of article. I . ‘Vivek’ gave Rs 60 discount on mark price and earn 20% profit. II . If ‘Vivek’ gave two successive discounts of 10% each then he will earn Rs 43 as profit.

  1. Only statement I is sufficient

  2. Only statement II is sufficient

  3. Statement I and II both together sufficient

  4. Either statement I or Statement II alone sufficient

  5. neither statement I nor statement II sufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: MP = 1.5 × CP, discount = Rs. 60, selling price = MP - 60, profit = 20%. So SP = 1.2 × CP, and 1.5CP - 60 = 1.2CP, 0.3CP = 60, CP = 200. Statement I alone is sufficient. Statement II: Two successive discounts of 10% each means effective discount = 19% (since 0.9×0.9 = 0.81, so 19% off). SP = 0.81 × MP. Profit = Rs. 43. So 0.81(1.5CP) - CP = 43, 1.215CP - CP = 43, 0.215CP = 43, CP = 200. Statement II alone is also sufficient. Since either statement alone gives the answer, option D is correct.

Multiple choice

Passage

Each of the questions below consists of a question and three statements given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read all the three statements and give answer.

What is the amount of profit earned? I. 10% discount was offered on the labelled price? II. Had there been no discount, profit would have been 30% III. Selling price was more than the cost price by 20%

  1. I and II

  2. II and III

  3. I and III

  4. Any two of the three

  5. All three together is not sufficient.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

All three statements give only percentage or ratio relationships without any absolute values. Statement I mentions a 10% discount but no profit information. Statement II gives 30% profit without discount but no actual amounts. Statement III confirms 20% profit but again, no absolute values. Without the cost price, labelled price, or selling price in monetary terms, we cannot calculate the actual amount of profit earned.

Multiple choice

Passage

The question given below contain two statements giving certain data. You have to decide whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the question ?

What was the cost price of the suitcase bought by Anshu ? (I) Anshu gets 20% discount on marked price. (II) By selling the suitcase for Rs. 2000 Anshu gets 25% profit on marked price. Mark answer

  1. If statement I alone is sufficient but statement II alone is not sufficient.

  2. If statement II alone is sufficient but statement I alone is not sufficient.

  3. If each statement alone (either I or II) is sufficient.

  4. If statement I and II together are not sufficient.

  5. If both statements together are sufficient, but neither statement alone is sufficient.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Statement II alone is sufficient. Selling at Rs. 2000 gives 25% profit on marked price, so marked price = 2000/1.25 = Rs. 1600. From marked price, we need cost price but without discount percentage from statement I, we cannot determine it. Wait - re-reading: 25% profit ON marked price means Cost Price = Marked Price - 25% of MP = 1600 - 400 = Rs. 1200. Statement II is sufficient.

Multiple choice

Passage

Given below are two quantities named A and B. Based on the given information, you have to determine the relation between the two quantities. You should use the given data and your knowledge of Mathematics to choose between the possible answers.

Quantity A : Profit percent when an article of cost price Rs. 140 is sold for Rs. 168. Quantity B : Percentage discount availed by customer when he buys an article with marked price Rs. 2000 for Rs. 1800

  1. Quantity A > Quantity B

  2. Quantity A < Quantity B

  3. Quantity A ≥ Quantity

  4. Quantity A ≤ Quantity

  5. Quantity A = Quantity B or relationship cannot be determined.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Profit percentage is calculated as (Profit/CP) × 100 = (168-140)/140 × 100 = 20%. Discount percentage is calculated as (Discount/MP) × 100 = (2000-1800)/2000 × 100 = 10%. Since 20% > 10%, Quantity A is greater.

Multiple choice

Passage

Each question below contains a statement followed by Quantity I and Quantity II. Find the relationship among them and give your answer as, नीचे दिए गए प्रत्येक प्रश्न में एक कथन है, जिसके बाद मात्रा I और मात्रा II हैं, उनके बीच संबंध ज्ञात कीजिये और अपना उत्तर दें।

Quantity I: Gain % when an article of cost price Rs 900 is sold for Rs 981. Quantity II: Net % discount availed by customer when he gets two successive discounts of 4% and 6.25% मात्रा I- लाभ% जब 900 रुपये लागत मूल्य का एक लेख 981 रुपये में बेचा जाता है। मात्रा II- ग्राहक को 4% और 6.25% की दो क्रमिक छूट मिलने पर नेट% छूट

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II मात्रा I > मात्रा II

  2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II मात्रा I ≥ मात्रा II

  3. Quantity II > Quantity I मात्रा II > मात्रा I

  4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I मात्रा II ≥ मात्रा I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established मात्रा I = मात्रा II या सम्बन्ध स्थापित नहीं किया जा सकता है
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: Gain% = (981-900)/900 × 100 = 81/900 × 100 = 9%. Quantity II: Net discount from successive discounts = 1 - (1-0.04)(1-0.0625) = 1 - (0.96 × 0.9375) = 1 - 0.90 = 10%. Since 10 > 9, Quantity II > Quantity I. Note: successive discounts multiply, not add.