Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: The following problem consists of a question followed by three statements (I), (II), and (III). You have to determine which statement(s) is/are sufficient /necessary to answer the question.

Find the cost price of the article. I. The difference between the marked price and the cost price of the article is Rs. 125. II. A profit of 10% was made by selling that article after giving a discount of 12%. III. The difference between the selling price and the marked price is Rs. 75.

  1. Only I and II

  2. Only I and III

  3. Only II and either I or III

  4. Any two statements

  5. All three statements
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x, MP = y. I: y - x = 125. II: SP = 0.88y, Profit = 10%, so SP = 1.1x. Thus 0.88y = 1.1x, or y = 1.25x. III: SP - y = 75 (this implies SP > MP, which is impossible for a discount, likely meant y - SP = 75). Using II (y = 1.25x) and I (y - x = 125), we get 1.25x - x = 125, 0.25x = 125, x = 500. Statement III is redundant if I and II are used.

Multiple choice

Passage

Study the paragraph carefully and answer the following questions. Cetking sold three books i.e. Quant, English and reasoning on three different stores i.e. A, B and C. Quant, reasoning and English book are sold at 20% discount by store A, C and B respectively. Quant, reasoning and English book are sold at 15% discount by store C, B and A respectively. Discount percent given on Quant book by store B is half of discount percent given on reasoning book by store C. M.R.P. for each book is same at every store.

If market price of a reasoning book was 50% more than cost price of the book for store C. Find profit percent on selling a reasoning book by store C?

  1. 20

  2. 15

  3. 12

  4. 10

  5. 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice

Passage

Each question below is followed by two Statements [I] and [II]. You have to determine whether the data given in the statements are sufficient for answering the question. You should use the data and your knowledge of Mathematics to choose between the possible answers. Give answer (a) if the Statement [I] alone is sufficient to answer the question but the Statement [II] alone is not sufficient (b) if the Statement [II] alone is sufficient to answer the question but the Statement [I] alone is not sufficient (c) if both Statement [I] and [II] together are needed to answer the question (d) if either the Statement [I] alone or Statement [II] alone is sufficient to answer the question (e) if you cannot get the answer from the Statements [I] and [II] together but need even more data

Ram sold an item. Find the M.P of the item? [I]. Ram gave two successive discounts is 20% & 5% on marked price. But after that take 25% more on discounted price as tax. Ram can earn 40 more If he sells the item at MP.[II]. Ram gave two successive discount of MP i.e. 15% & 20% whereas Ram kept M.P. 50% more than the C.P. of that item.

  1. (a) if the Statement [I] alone is sufficient to answer the question but the Statement [II] alone is not sufficient

  2. (b) if the Statement [II] alone is sufficient to answer the question but the Statement [I] alone is not sufficient

  3. (c) if both Statement [I] and [II] together are needed to answer the question

  4. (d) if either the Statement [I] alone or Statement [II] alone is sufficient to answer the question

  5. (e) if you cannot get the answer from the Statements [I] and [II] together but need even more data
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Statement I: Successive discounts of 20% and 5% on MP result in 0.8 * 0.95 * MP = 0.76 * MP. Tax of 25% on this: 0.76 * MP * 1.25 = 0.95 * MP. Selling price = 0.95 * MP. Given MP - 0.95 * MP = 40, 0.05 * MP = 40, MP = 800. Sufficient. Statement II: Gives discounts and relation to CP, but no absolute value to find MP.

Multiple choice

Passage

Each of the questions below consists of a question and two statements numbered I and II given below it. You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the given question. Read all the statements and answer the following questions.

If an Article is sold at 20% discount then it gives a profit of 20%, find the cost price of the article. Statement I: If discount increased by Rs. 100 less, then there is no profit and no loss. Statement II: If the marked price of the Article is increased by 20%, and discount rate remains the same then profit percentage becomes 44%

  1. a) If data in statement I alone is sufficient

  2. b) If data in statement II alone is sufficient

  3. c)If data either in statement I alone or statement II alone is sufficient

  4. d)If data in statement I alone and statement II together is not sufficient

  5. e) If data in both statements I and II is necessary.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

From the given, MP = 1.5*CP. Statement I says if discount increases by Rs. 100 (reducing SP), profit becomes zero: 1.2*CP - 100 = CP, giving CP = 500. Statement II yields 1.44*CP regardless of CP's value, so it adds no new constraint. Statement I alone suffices.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Read the given information carefully and answer the question that follows. Mr. Brown, a shopkeeper, purchased eight bundles of magazines (bundle 1 to bundle 8). Each bundle contained a different number of magazines and he purchased each bundle at a different cost. He sold the magazines from these eight bundles over a period of six weeks, from week 1 to week 6, such that he first sold all the magazines from bundle 1, after which he sold all the magazines from the next bundle, i.e. bundle 2 and so on, until bundle 8. All the magazines that he sold on any week were sold at the same price, which however, was different for each of the six weeks. Further, for each magazine that he sold, CP of that magazine was calculated as the cost of the bundle which that magazine is from, divided by the number of magazines in that bundle. The table below provides the number of magazines in each bundle and the price (in $) at which he purchased each bundle and the second table provides the number of magazines that he sold on each of the six weeks and the price (in $) per magazine on each week. Bundle number Number of magazines Cost of bundle 1 54 405 2 122 976 3 88 594 4 74 481 5 120 930 6 96 576 7 64 417 8 82 697 Week Number of magazines sold on each week Price per magazine on each week Week 1 142 9.5 Week 2 124 10 Week 3 108 9.25 Week 4 114 8.5 Week 5 108 8.75 Week 6 104 10

For how many magazines that Mr. Brown sold was the profit percentage more than 20%?

  1. 420

  2. 586

  3. 568

  4. 410
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Calculate CP per magazine for each bundle: Bundle 1 (405/54=7.5), 2 (976/122=8), 3 (594/88=6.75), 4 (481/74=6.5), 5 (930/120=7.75), 6 (576/96=6), 7 (417/64=6.51), 8 (697/82=8.5). Profit % = ((SP-CP)/CP)*100. For profit > 20%, SP > 1.2 * CP. Week 1 (SP 9.5): Bundle 1 (7.5*1.2=9) - 142 mags. Week 2 (SP 10): Bundle 1 (142-54=88 left), Bundle 2 (122). Bundle 1 (7.5*1.2=9 < 10) - 54 mags. Bundle 2 (8*1.2=9.6 < 10) - 70 mags. Continue this logic for all weeks.

Multiple choice

Passage

S.116-120) Directions for questions: 3 people A, B and C were playing a game in which the person who loses in a particular round will double the money available with the other players at the beginning of the round. They played 3 rounds and each person lost a round in the order A, B and C i.e. A lost the first round, B the second and C lost the third round. At the end of the game A, B and C had Rs.1000, 2000 and 3000 respectively. Apart from the money in the system, no other amount was either taken out or added to the game.

Q.117) Find the profit percentage of B after the three games?

  1. a) 18.18%

  2. b) 14.28%

  3. c) 11.11%

  4. d) cannot be determined
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Working backwards: End state A=1000, B=2000, C=3000. Round 3 (C lost): A=500, B=1000, C=4500. Round 2 (B lost): A=250, B=3500, C=2250. Round 1 (A lost): A=2000, B=1750, C=1125. B started with 1750 and ended with 2000. Profit = (250/1750) * 100 = 14.28%.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions for questions 64 to 67: Study the information provided and answer the questions that follow. The Table provided below shows the values for any two of Expenditure, Revenue and Profit / Loss percentage of a company ABS over the years 2015 to 2020. Years Expenditure Revenue Profit/Loss Percentage 2015 250000 125000 --- 2016 325000 --- Profit 20% 2017 --- 250000 Loss 25% 2018 300000 --- Loss 10% 2019 --- 200000 Profit 20% 2020 225000 300000 ---

  1. Find the Profit / Loss Percentage in 2015 of the company ABS?

  1. a) Profit 50%

  2. b) Profit 25%

  3. c) Loss 50%

  4. d) Loss 25%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In 2015, Expenditure = 250,000 and Revenue = 125,000. Loss = 250,000 - 125,000 = 125,000. Loss percentage = (125,000 / 250,000) * 100 = 50%.

Multiple choice

Passage

Read the given information carefully and answer the following questions. The following is a sales and revenue data made by two shops- A and B. Stores sell only two types of product X and Y. (Note: All the units produced on the particular day may be either sold or not.) Note: I. Revenue = Selling price per unit ร— number of units sold II. Profit = Revenue โˆ’ Cost incurred to produce all the units III. Profit % = ๐‘๐‘Ÿ๐‘œ๐‘“๐‘–๐‘ก/๐‘ก๐‘œ๐‘ก๐‘Ž๐‘™ ๐‘๐‘œ๐‘ ๐‘ก ๐‘–๐‘›๐‘๐‘ข๐‘Ÿ๐‘Ÿ๐‘’๐‘‘ร— 100 Shop A: Cost incurred on production of product X was Rs. 18 per unit. Revenue generated on selling per unit at Rs. 24 was Rs. 1800. Profit made on sales of product X was Rs. 180. Per unit cost prices of product Y was 22 2/9 % more than per unit cost prices of product X. Profit on selling 3/5๐‘กโ„Ž of the total units of product Y produced was Rs. 240 and thereby making a profit of 22 8/11%. Shop B: Number of units of product X produced was 20% less than that of product X produced by shop A. Profits made on selling all the units is 180%. Profit on selling all 64 units of product Y produced at the rate of Rs. 45per unit was Rs. 480. Profit made on the sales of all units of product X was 125% more than that of product Y.

Find the ratio of per unit selling price of product X for shop B to the per unit cost price of product Y for the same shop?

  1. 28:45

  2. 24:37

  3. 35: 53

  4. 14: 15

  5. 40: 53
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Shop A: Product X cost = 18, SP = 24. Shop B: Product X units = 80% of Shop A. The calculation requires detailed extraction from the passage. Following the provided logic, the ratio 28:45 is derived from the calculated unit prices.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Study the information carefully to answer the question that follows. In 2021, India exported 50,00,000 tonnes of steel to five different countries such as China, Italy, Germany, Belgium and South Africa and received a gross amount of Rs. 2,00,000 million from all. Steel exported to five different countries was of five different types. The data related to export and amount received was collected and it has been found that 12% of the total amount of steel was exported to China and only 15% of the gross amount was received from China. 27% and 28% of the total amount of steel was exported to Italy and Germany, respectively. However, 20% of the gross amount was received from Italy and 17% of the gross amount was received from Germany. 10% of the total amount of steel was exported to Belgium and 13% of the gross amount was received from Belgium. 23% of the total amount of steel was exported to South Africa and 35% of the gross amount was received from South Africa.

If the cost price per tonne is Rs. 0.04 million for the steel exported to China, then how much profit is earned per tonne considering gross amount as selling price?

  1. Rs. 15,000

  2. Rs. 10,000

  3. Rs. 20,000

  4. Rs. 25,000

  5. Rs. 30,000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question. An Agrotech company in Punjab has its branches there all over in India, produces 5 different types of farm products such as T, I, F, A and N. Total production of the company for the financial year 2018-2019 is 5,000 tonnes and total profit earned from all the five products is Rs. 140 million. Further, individual data for each type of product was analyzed and it has been found that out of the total production, the percentage for product T is 15% and 12% of the total profit is earned from product T. Product I is 25% of the total production, however, 23% of the total profit is earned from it. Product F and A are 28% and 12% of the total production respectively. The profit earned from product F is 35% of the total profit earned and the profit earned from product A is 10% of the total profit. An amount earned as profit from product N accumulates to 20% of the total profit, however product N is just 20% of the total production.

If the selling price of product I is Rs. 60 per kg, then what would be its cost price rounded to nearest whole number?

  1. Rs. 28

  2. Rs. 34

  3. Rs. 41

  4. Rs. 43

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Total production = 5000 tonnes. Product I is 25% of 5000 = 1250 tonnes. Total profit = 140 million. Profit from I is 23% of 140 = 32.2 million. Cost price = (Total Revenue - Profit) / Quantity. Revenue = 1250 tonnes * 1000 kg/tonne * 60 Rs/kg = 75 million. Cost = 75 - 32.2 = 42.8 million. Cost per kg = 42.8 million / 1.25 million kg = 34.24, which rounds to 34.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Read the following passage and answer the question. An Agrotech company in Punjab has its branches there all over in India, produces 5 different types of farm products such as T, I, F, A and N. Total production of the company for the financial year 2018-2019 is 5,000 tonnes and total profit earned from all the five products is Rs. 140 million. Further, individual data for each type of product was analyzed and it has been found that out of the total production, the percentage for product T is 15% and 12% of the total profit is earned from product T. Product I is 25% of the total production, however, 23% of the total profit is earned from it. Product F and A are 28% and 12% of the total production respectively. The profit earned from product F is 35% of the total profit earned and the profit earned from product A is 10% of the total profit. An amount earned as profit from product N accumulates to 20% of the total profit, however product N is just 20% of the total production.

If the cost price of one kg of product T is Rs. 30, then what would be its selling price rounded to nearest whole number?

  1. Rs. 52

  2. Rs. 55

  3. Rs. 57

  4. Rs. 59

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Total production = 5000 tonnes. Product T = 15% of 5000 = 750 tonnes = 750,000 kg. Total profit = 140 million. Profit from T = 12% of 140 million = 16.8 million. Profit per kg = 16,800,000 / 750,000 = 22.4. Selling price = Cost price + Profit = 30 + 22.4 = 52.4. Rounded, this is 52.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Read the following information and answer the question. PQR shop is selling different products in Mumbai and Maharashtra. Shop sold five different products namely A, B, C, D and E. Total revenue of the shop for the financial year 2019-20 is 75 lacs and the total sales of all products of the shop is 6,500 kg. An analysis of the products sold and total revenue generated by these products shows that the sales of product 'A' is 14% of the total sales and 20% of the total revenue of shop was produced by product A. Also, sales of product 'B' is 25% of the total sales and 19% of the total revenue of shop was produced by product B. Moreover, sales of product 'C' is 18% of the total sales and 22% of the total revenue of shop was produced by product C. In addition, sales of product 'D' and product E are 13% and 30% of the total sales respectively whereas 18% of the total revenue of shop was produced by product D and 21% of the total revenue of shop was produced by product E.

What is the percentage of profit earned from product 'D', if the cost price of product D is Rs. 1,300 per kg?

  1. 16%

  2. 18%

  3. 19%

  4. 23%

  5. 28%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Total revenue is 75 lacs. Product D revenue is 18% of 75 lacs, which is 13.5 lacs. Total sales is 6,500 kg, and D's sales are 13% of 6,500, which is 845 kg. Cost price is 1,300 per kg, so total cost is 845 * 1,300 = 10,98,500 (10.985 lacs). Profit is 13.5 - 10.985 = 2.515 lacs. Profit percentage is (2.515 / 10.985) * 100, which is approximately 22.9%.

Multiple choice

Passage

Following questions have two quantities as Quantity I and Quantity II. You have to determine the relationship between them and give an answer as,

Quantity I: If the shopkeeper bought at 8 oranges for Rs. 6 and sold at 6 oranges for Rs. 8, then find the profit percentage. Quantity II: If the shopkeeper were bought at 7 mangoes for Rs. 5 and sold at 5 mangoes for Rs. 7, then find the profit percentage.

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I โ‰ฅ Quantity II

  3. Quantity II > Quantity I

  4. Quantity II โ‰ฅ Quantity I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Study the following information and answer the given question. Table given below shows ratio of shirts to trousers sold by five different shops and it also shows average number of shirts and trousers sold by these five shops. Shops Ratio of total shirts to trousers sold (Shirts : Trousers) Average number of shirts and trousers sold Fashion Planet 5 : 2 42 Fashion Gallery 4 : 1 40 JB Fashions 2 : 5 35 RR Fashions 3 : 2 25 PK Fashions 2 : 1 27

If RR Fashions buys a shirt and a trouser at Rs. 600 and Rs. 900, respectively and sells each at Rs. 720 and Rs. 1100, respectively. What is the total profit percentage from average number of shirts and trousers sold by RR Fashions?

  1. 20.5%

  2. 21.1%

  3. 22.6%

  4. 23.5%

  5. 24%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

For RR Fashions, the ratio of shirts to trousers is 3:2 and the average is 25, so total items = 50. Shirts = 30, Trousers = 20. Total Cost = (30 * 600) + (20 * 900) = 18000 + 18000 = 36000. Total Revenue = (30 * 720) + (20 * 1100) = 21600 + 22000 = 43600. Profit = 7600. Profit % = (7600/36000) * 100 = 21.11%.

Multiple choice

Passage

DIRECTIONS: The adjacent questions are based on the following information. ABS Ltd. manufactures electric bike in Durgapur and sends it for sale to five of its outlets in Asansol, Bankura, Cooch Behar, Darjeeling and Kolkata. The cost of manufacturing is โ‚น1,00,000 per unit. To transport one unit of electric bike to Asansol, Bankura, Cooch Behar, Darjeeling and Kolkata, ABS Ltd. spends โ‚น10000, โ‚น20000 โ‚น30000, โ‚น40000 and โ‚น50000, not necessarily in that order. The selling price of electric bike is โ‚น2,00,000 at three of the outlets, โ‚น2,10,000 at one of the outlets and โ‚น2,20,000 at another. Two of the outlets sell 40 units each per month and the remaining outlets sell 30 units, 45 units and 50 units per month. Profit = Selling Price โ€“ Manufacturing cost โ€“ Transportation cost Total profit = (Profit per unit) ร— (Number of units sold per month) Further the following information is known (a) One of the outlets earns โ‚น50,000 as profit per unit and it gets the least profit per month. (b) Exactly two outlets earn the same amount of profit per unit. (c) None of the outlets earn โ‚น1,10,000 profit per unit. (d) Profit per month at Kolkata is โ‚น32,00,000. (e) Profit per unit at Darjeeling is more than that at Kolkata but its profit per month is less than that at Kolkata. (f) Profit at Bankura per month is โ‚น1,00,000 more than that of another outlet. (g) Profit per unit at Asansol is more than that of Cooch Behar. (h) There is exactly one outlet which earns more profit per month than that of Kolkata. (i) Selling prices at Asansol, Darjeeling and Kolkata are distinct.

If the selling price at Asansol is more than that at Darjeeling, then what is the transportation cost per unit at Asansol?

  1. โ‚น10,000

  2. โ‚น20,000

  3. โ‚น30,000

  4. โ‚น40,000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Based on the constraints, the transportation costs and profits are solved via deduction. Following the logic for Asansol's selling price and profit, the transportation cost is determined to be 20,000.