Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Study the following information and answer the question that follows. The table below shows the percentage profit or loss of five different commodities based on the sum of cost price and shipping cost. Name of Goods Cost Price (in million dollars) Selling Price (in million dollars) Cost of Shipping (in million dollars) Profit (in million dollars) Loss (in million dollars) Profit or Loss % Sugar 90 30 Salt 80 0 30 Vegetable oil 200 50 25 Grains 500 0 5% loss Wine 600 40 7% profit

If the loss on Sugar is 10%, then its selling price is what percent less than the selling price of Wine?

  1. 80.23%

  2. 588.73%

  3. 84.29%

  4. 81.73%

  5. 379.23%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Study the following information and answer the question that follows. A dealer purchased 5 gadgets from a shop and sold them online. The table below gives the data showing cost price, selling price and profit/loss percentage. C.P. (in Rs.) Profit/Loss % S.P. (in Rs.) Segway 32,445 - 40,556.25 Google glass - Profit - 15% 40,940 Fitbit 22,150 Loss - 12% - Nintendo 28,295 - 31,140 Apple ipad - Profit - 25% 7075

The cost price of Google glass is approximately what percent of the selling price of Fibit?

  1. 138%

  2. 183%

  3. 142%

  4. 154%

  5. 186%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Google Glass has a selling price of Rs. 40,940 and a 15% profit, so its cost price is about Rs. 35,600. Fitbit has a cost price of Rs. 22,150 and a 12% loss, so its selling price is Rs. 19,492. The ratio 35,600/19,492 × 100 is approximately 183%.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: The table given below gives information about the profit percent earned by the shopkeepers (A - E) on various items. Shopkeeper/Item P Q R S T A 25% 20% 20% 30% B 18% 30% 15% 30% 20% C 12% 30% D 18% 25% 14% 15% E 15% 15% 18% 10%

If shopkeeper B marked up the price of item Q by 40%, then what was the percent discount given by him on item Q?

  1. 7.14%

  2. 8.36%

  3. 9.31%

  4. 10.12%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

For item Q, shopkeeper B earns a 30% profit, so the selling price is 130% of cost price. A 40% markup makes the marked price 140% of cost price, giving a discount of 10/140 × 100 = 7.14%.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: The table given below gives information about the profit percent earned by the shopkeepers (A - E) on various items. Shopkeeper/Item P Q R S T A 25% 20% 20% 30% B 18% 30% 15% 30% 20% C 12% 30% D 18% 25% 14% 15% E 15% 15% 18% 10%

If shopkeeper A, while calculating the percent profit on item T, divided by SP instead of CP, then what was the actual profit percent?

  1. 42.86%

  2. 45.14%

  3. 46.68%

  4. 47.35%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: The table given below gives information about the profit percent earned by the shopkeepers (A - E) on various items. Shopkeeper/Item P Q R S T A 25% 20% 20% 30% B 18% 30% 15% 30% 20% C 12% 30% D 18% 25% 14% 15% E 15% 15% 18% 10%

If shopkeeper E offered 15% discount on item R and the marked price was 30% more than CP of item R, then find the profit percent?

  1. 10.5%

  2. 12.5%

  3. 14%

  4. 15%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. MP = 130. After 15% discount, SP = 130 * 0.85 = 110.5. Profit = 110.5 - 100 = 10.5%.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: The table given below gives information about the profit percent earned by the shopkeepers (A - E) on various items. Shopkeeper/Item P Q R S T A 25% 20% 20% 30% B 18% 30% 15% 30% 20% C 12% 30% D 18% 25% 14% 15% E 15% 15% 18% 10%

If shopkeeper A offered 35% discount and the marked price was x% more than CP of item R, then find the value of x?

  1. 78.95%

  2. 79.62%

  3. 81.32%

  4. 84.62%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Profit on R for A is 20%. CP = 100. SP = 120. Discount = 35%. MP * 0.65 = 120. MP = 120 / 0.65 = 184.615. x = (184.615 - 100) = 84.62%.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: The table given below gives information about the profit percent earned by the shopkeepers (A - E) on various items. Shopkeeper/Item P Q R S T A 25% 20% 20% 30% B 18% 30% 15% 30% 20% C 12% 30% D 18% 25% 14% 15% E 15% 15% 18% 10%

If shopkeeper C offered 18% discount on product S and earned 29% profit, then what would be the profit percent, if the discount was 36%?

  1. 2.35%

  2. 1.30%

  3. 0.68%

  4. 0.21%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Profit = (SP - CP)/CP. If 18% discount on marked price M, SP = 0.82M. Profit 29% means 0.82M = 1.29 * CP, so M = 1.29/0.82 * CP. With 36% discount, SP = 0.64M. New SP = 0.64 * (1.29/0.82) * CP = 1.0068 * CP. Profit = 0.68%.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions : Read the following passage and answer the question. A company manufactures two types of engines - 'CEM' and 'LVM'. Engine 'CEM' is made of three components a, b and c and engine 'LVM' is made of two components p and q. The three components (a, b and c) of engine 'CEM' are imported from the US, Japan and Russia, respectively. All the three components of engine 'CEM' respectively account for 2X%, X% and (4X + 5)% of the total production cost of engine 'CEM'. Two components (p and q) of engine 'LVM' are imported from China and Brazil, respectively. Components 'p' and 'q' respectively account for Y% and (Y + 10)% of the total production cost of engine 'LVM'. The total cost of all the three components (a, b and c) of engine 'CEM' is Rs. 32,000 and the total cost of two components (p and q) of engine 'LVM' is Rs. 27,000. The total cost of production of engine 'CEM' and engine 'LVM' is Rs. 80,000 and Rs. 90,000, respectively.

If the company wants to earn 25% profit on engine 'CEM' but a discount of 20% is to be offered to customers for promotional reasons, then what will be the marked price of the engine?

  1. Rs. 1,75,000

  2. Rs. 2,25,000

  3. Rs. 1,15,000

  4. Rs. 1,25,000

  5. Rs. 1,35,000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The cost of engine CEM is 80,000. To earn 25% profit, the selling price must be 80,000 * 1.25 = 100,000. If a 20% discount is offered on the marked price (MP), then 0.8 * MP = 100,000. MP = 100,000 / 0.8 = 125,000.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions : Read the following passage and answer the question. A company manufactures two types of engines - 'CEM' and 'LVM'. Engine 'CEM' is made of three components a, b and c and engine 'LVM' is made of two components p and q. The three components (a, b and c) of engine 'CEM' are imported from the US, Japan and Russia, respectively. All the three components of engine 'CEM' respectively account for 2X%, X% and (4X + 5)% of the total production cost of engine 'CEM'. Two components (p and q) of engine 'LVM' are imported from China and Brazil, respectively. Components 'p' and 'q' respectively account for Y% and (Y + 10)% of the total production cost of engine 'LVM'. The total cost of all the three components (a, b and c) of engine 'CEM' is Rs. 32,000 and the total cost of two components (p and q) of engine 'LVM' is Rs. 27,000. The total cost of production of engine 'CEM' and engine 'LVM' is Rs. 80,000 and Rs. 90,000, respectively.

If the company wants to earn 20% profit on engine 'CEM', then which of the following sets of successive discounts should be offered so that the marked price is highest? (i) 10% and 20% (ii) 25% and 5% (iii) 15% and 15%

  1. Only (i)

  2. Only (ii)

  3. Only (iii)

  4. Both (i) and (ii) are equal.

  5. All three are equal.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Read the following information carefully and answer the given question. A shopkeeper has 3 different brands of t-shirts, i.e. A, B and C. He has 20 t-shirts of each brand. The total cost price of shirts of brand A is Rs. 6,000 and he made 15% profit on selling 15 such t-shirts and 12% on selling the remaining. The total profit made by selling t-shirts of brand B is 80% of the total profit made by selling all the t-shirts of brand A. The total profit that he made by selling each t-shirt of brand B is 20%. The ratio of total selling price of t-shirts of brand B and the total selling price of t-shirts of brand C is 4 : 5, respectively. The profit made by selling each t-shirt of brand C is th of the profit made by selling each t-shirt of brand B.

The selling price of 16 t-shirts of brand C is what percent of the cost price of t-shirts of brand A which yielded 15% profit to the shopkeeper?

  1. 92.2%

  2. 91.6%

  3. 91.2%

  4. 91.1%

  5. 90.2%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The cost price of the 15 brand A shirts is 15/20 × 6000 = Rs. 4500. Their selling price is Rs. 5175, so the total profit on all brand A shirts is Rs. 855, making brand B's total profit Rs. 684. Using the 4:5 selling-price ratio gives brand C's total selling price as Rs. 5130, so 16 shirts cost Rs. 4104 in selling price, which is 4104/4500 × 100 = 91.2%.

Multiple choice

Passage

Directions: Study the given table carefully and answer the following question. All prices are per unit based. Total cost price = Cost price + Miscellaneous cost Percentage profit or loss is based on the total cost price. Item CP (Rs.) SP (Rs.) Misc.cost (Rs.) Gain/Loss (%) Gain (Rs.) Loss (Rs.) Pen 15 1 Pencil 1 0 Sharpener 9 1 Notebook 21 10 2.5 Eraser 5 17.14 1.5 Diary 75 5 20

If selling price of a pencil is 20% more than cost price of an eraser, then what is the ratio of cost price of a pencil to that of an eraser?

  1. 1 : 1

  2. 6 : 5

  3. 5 : 6

  4. 5 : 3

  5. 13 : 10
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice

Passage

Each of these questions consists of a question followed by informations in three statements. You have to study the question and the statements and decide that information in which of the statement(s) is/are necessary to answer the question.

What is the cost price of the article? I. 20% discount is given on the marked price. II. Marked price of the article is 125% of its selling. III. Profit is Rs. 40.

  1. I and II together

  2. II and III together

  3. All three together

  4. All together are not sufficient

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

To find the cost price, we need either an absolute value (marked price or selling price) or a percentage relationship with profit. Statements I and II give relationships: discount of 20% means SP = 0.8 × MP, and MP = 1.25 × SP. These are consistent (0.8 × 1.25 = 1) but circular, providing no absolute value. Statement III gives profit = Rs. 40, meaning CP = SP - 40. Without knowing SP, we cannot find CP. All three together are insufficient because we lack any absolute monetary value to anchor the calculation.

Multiple choice

Passage

In each of the following question, a question is followed by information given in two statement named as Quantity-I(Q1) and Quantity –II (Q2). You have to study the information along with the question and compare the value derived from Quantity-I and Quantity-II and give answer (1) If (Q1) > (Q2) (2) If (Q1) < (Q2) (3) If (Q1) > (Q2) (4) If (Q1) < (Q2) (5) If (Q1) = (Q2)

Q1 - Rajesh gives 3 bananas free on purchase of 1 dozen bananas. Find equivalent discount percentage Q2- Suraj sells an item at its cost price but uses a false weight of 800 grams instead of 960 grams. Find his profit percent.

  1. 4

  2. 5

  3. 2

  4. 1

  5. 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

This question appears to ask for the difference between two values (Q1's discount % and Q2's profit %), resulting in 5. Q1: 3 free on 1 dozen (12) = 3/15 = 20% discount. Q2: False weight 800g instead of 960g gives profit = (960-800)/800 = 20%. Difference = 5.

Multiple choice

Passage

In each of the following questions, a question & then two statements – I & II are given. You have to determine that the data provided in these statements is enough to answer the question or not. Study both the statement: निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक प्रश्न में एक प्रश्न और फिर दो कथन I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको यह निर्धारित करना है कि इन कथनों में प्रदान किया गया डेटा प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त है या नहीं। दोनों कथनों का अध्ययन करें:

A shopkeeper marked an article somewhat above the cost price and sold it after two consecutive discounts. Find the difference in the cost price and the marked price of the article. एक दुकानदार ने एक वस्तु को क्रय मूल्य से कुछ अधिक अंकित किया और दो क्रमागत छूटों के बाद उसे बेच दिया। वस्तु के क्रय मूल्य और अंकित मूल्य में अंतर ज्ञात कीजिए। Statement I: The shopkeeper marked the article 50% above the cost price and sold it after two consecutive discounts of ‘d’% and ‘2d’% respectively. In this transaction the shopkeeper had a profit of 8%. Statement II: The shopkeeper marked the article ‘m’% above the cost price and sold it after two consecutive discounts of 10% and 20% respectively. In this transaction the shopkeeper had a profit of Rs. 1,248. कथन I: दुकानदार ने वस्तु को क्रय मूल्य से 50% अधिक अंकित किया और इसे क्रमशः 'd'% और '2d'% की लगातार दो छूट के बाद बेच दिया। इस सौदे में दुकानदार को 8% का लाभ हुआ। कथन II: दुकानदार ने वस्तु पर 'm'% लागत मूल्य से अधिक अंकित किया और इसे क्रमशः 10% और 20% की लगातार दो छूट के बाद बेच दिया। इस लेन-देन में दुकानदार को 1,248. रुपये का लाभ हुआ।

  1. Only Statement I alone. केवल कथन I

  2. Only Statement II alone. केवल कथन II

  3. Both Statements I and II together. दोनों कथन I और II एक साथ

  4. Neither Statement I nor II is sufficient. न तो कथन I और न ही II पर्याप्त है।

  5. Either Statement I or II. या तो कथन I या II
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

We need CP and MP to find their difference. Statement I: MP = 1.5 CP (50% above). After two consecutive discounts of d% and 2d%, selling price = MP × (1-d/100)(1-2d/100) = 1.5 CP × (1-d/100)(1-2d/100). Profit = 8%, so SP = 1.08 CP. This gives: 1.5(1-d/100)(1-2d/100) = 1.08. Solving gives d = 20%. So MP = 1.5 CP, meaning difference = 0.5 CP. But we don't know CP value. Statement II: MP = (1+m/100)CP. After 10% and 20% discounts, SP = MP × 0.9 × 0.8 = 0.72 MP = 0.72(1+m/100)CP. Profit = Rs. 1248, so SP - CP = 1248. This gives 0.72(1+m/100)CP - CP = 1248, or CP[0.72(1+m/100) - 1] = 1248. We don't know m or CP individually. Combining: From I, MP - CP = 0.5 CP. From II, CP[0.72(1+m/100) - 1] = 1248. We still have CP unknown unless we can find m from the relationship. Actually, combining gives us both equations to solve for CP and m, making both statements necessary. Option C is correct.

Multiple choice

Passage

In each of the following questions, a question & then two statements – I & II are given. You have to determine that the data provided in these statements is enough to answer the question or not. Study both the statement: निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक प्रश्न में एक प्रश्न और फिर दो कथन I और II दिए गए हैं। आपको यह निर्धारित करना है कि इन कथनों में प्रदान किया गया डेटा प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त है या नहीं। दोनों कथनों का अध्ययन करें:

What profit shopkeeper made on article? दुकानदार ने वस्तु पर कितना लाभ कमाया? statement I. Shopkeeper sold article on 5% discount at Rs.7600. statement II. If shopkeeper sold article on marked price, he would make a profit of 25%. कथन I. दुकानदार ने वस्तु को 5% छूट पर 7600 रुपये पर बेचा। कथन II. यदि दुकानदार वस्तु को अंकित मूल्य पर बेचता है, तो उसे 25% का लाभ होता है।

  1. Only Statement I alone. केवल कथन I

  2. Only Statement II alone. केवल कथन II

  3. Both Statements I and II together. दोनों कथन I और II एक साथ

  4. Neither Statement I nor II is sufficient. न तो कथन I और न ही II पर्याप्त है।

  5. Either Statement I or II. या तो कथन I या II
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

We need the profit amount. Statement I: Sold at 5% discount for Rs. 7600, so marked price = 7600/0.95 ≈ 8000. But we don't know CP. Statement II: If sold at marked price, profit = 25%. This means MP = 1.25 CP. Still can't determine CP or profit. Combining: From I, MP ≈ 8000. From II, MP = 1.25 CP, so CP = 8000/1.25 = Rs. 6400. Actual selling price = Rs. 7600. Profit = 7600 - 6400 = Rs. 1200. Both statements together are sufficient. Option C is correct.