Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A's purchase price is twice the purchase price of B. If the selling price of B is Rs. 3600 and the profit percentage is 20%, find the purchase price of A.

  1. 3600

  2. 3000

  3. 6000

  4. 6500

  5. 7500
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

B's profit is 20%, so B's purchase price = 3600 / 1.20 = Rs. 3000. Since A's purchase price is twice B's purchase price, A's purchase price = 2 × 3000 = Rs. 6000. Distractor A (3600) incorrectly uses B's selling price, and distractor B (3000) gives B's purchase price instead of A's.

Multiple choice

If the selling price of a car becomes 1.4 times of the previous selling price, the shopkeeper would have received 2.3 times profit than before. Find the first profit percentage?

  1. 45.51%

  2. 85.61%

  3. 44.44%

  4. 85.81%

  5. 85.91%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x, original SP = y, original profit = y - x. New SP = 1.4y, new profit = 2.3(y - x). Also new profit = 1.4y - x. So 1.4y - x = 2.3y - 2.3x, which gives 1.3x = 0.9y, or y = 13x/9. Original profit = y - x = 13x/9 - x = 4x/9. Original profit % = (4x/9x) × 100 = 44.44%. Distractors A and C are close but incorrect, while B, D, E are far off.

Multiple choice

A person buys 5 tables and 9 chairs for Rs. 15400. He sells the tables at 10% profit and chairs 20% profit. If his total profit on selling all the tables and chairs is Rs. 2080, what is the cost price of 3 chairs?

  1. Rs. 1890

  2. Rs. 1740

  3. Rs. 1800

  4. Rs. 1860
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let T be the cost of one table and C be the cost of one chair. From the problem: 5T + 9C = 15400. The profit equation is 10% of tables plus 20% of chairs: 0.5T + 1.8C = 2080. Solving these simultaneously gives C = 600. Therefore, 3 chairs cost 3 × 600 = Rs. 1800. Option C is correct.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sold 14 pieces of a pen for Rs. 2700 and his profit is equal to the cost price of 4 pieces of the pen. Find the difference between the selling price and the cost price of 14 pieces of the pen?

  1. 600

  2. 800

  3. 900

  4. 700
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of 1 pen = x. Then SP of 14 pens = 2700, so SP of 1 pen = 2700/14. Profit on 14 pens = CP of 4 pens = 4x. Using the formula Profit = SP - CP: 14 × (2700/14) - 14x = 4x, which gives 2700 = 18x, so x = 150. CP of 14 pens = 14 × 150 = 2100. The difference SP - CP = 2700 - 2100 = 600.

Multiple choice

A person sells his table at a profit of 25% and the chair at a loss of 20% but on the whole he gains Rs. 18. on the other hand if he sells the table at a loss of 20% and the chair at a profit of 25% then he neither gains nor loses. Find the cost price of the table and chair

  1. 200 , 160

  2. 160 , 200

  3. 250 , 180

  4. 210 , 170
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Case 1: Table at 25% profit, Chair at 20% loss, gain Rs.18. Case 2: Table at 20% loss, Chair at 25% profit, no gain/loss. From Case 2: 0.8T + 1.25C = T + C, so 0.2T = 0.25C, T = 1.25C. From Case 1: 1.25T + 0.8C = T + C + 18. Substituting T = 1.25C: 1.25(1.25C) + 0.8C = 1.25C + C + 18, so 1.5625C + 0.8C = 2.25C + 18, 2.3625C = 2.25C + 18, 0.1125C = 18, C = 160. Then T = 1.25 × 160 = 200. Option A (200, 160) is correct.

Multiple choice

One-Fourth of goods is sold at a loss of 20% If there has to be an overall profit of 10%, at what gain percent remaining goods were sold?

  1. 25%

  2. 18%

  3. 20%

  4. 15%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let total goods = 4 units with CP = 1 per unit (total CP = 4). 1 unit sold at 20% loss gives 0.8. To achieve 10% overall profit, total SP should be 4.4. Remaining 3 units must yield 4.4 - 0.8 = 3.6. So SP per unit for remaining goods = 3.6/3 = 1.2, which is a 20% gain. This uses the weighted average concept for mixed profit-loss scenarios.

Multiple choice

The total cost price of two articles is Rs 2000. One of them is sold at a profit of 12\% and the other at a loss of 12\%. The overall gain in the transaction is 1.2\%. The cost price of the article for which there was a profit was:

  1. 1050

  2. 1100

  3. 1120

  4. 1080
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let the profit article cost be x, so loss article costs 2000-x. Profit: 0.12x, Loss: 0.12(2000-x). Net gain: 0.012 × 2000 = 24. So 0.12x - 0.12(2000-x) = 24, giving 0.12x - 240 + 0.12x = 24, so 0.24x = 264, thus x = 1100.

Multiple choice

Three successive discounts on the marked price of an article turns out to be equivalent to a single discount of 19%. If the rates of the first and second discount are 10% and 4% respectively, what is the rate of the third discount?
  1. $7.50%$
  2. $5.25%$
  3. $6.25%$
  4. $6.00%$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

For successive discounts, net discount = 1 - (1-d1)(1-d2)(1-d3). Substituting: 0.19 = 1 - (0.9)(0.96)(1-d3), so 0.19 = 1 - 0.864(1-d3), giving 0.864(1-d3) = 0.81, thus 1-d3 = 0.9375, meaning d3 = 0.0625 = 6.25%.

Multiple choice

The cost price of a chair is Rs. 160 and selling price of a table is Rs. 240. If the selling price of chair will be equal to the cost price of total, then the profit after selling chair is 20%, what is profit on table?

  1. 16.66%

  2. 20%

  3. 22%

  4. 25%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chair's CP = 160. Profit = 20%, so SP = 160 × 1.20 = 192. This equals the total CP. Table's SP = 240 (given as 'selling price of table' in question). Table's profit = (240 - 192)/192 × 100 = 48/192 × 100 = 25% (Note: The question phrasing is awkward but the math works out).

Multiple choice

The following question has some statements. Study the question and the statements and decide which of the statement(s) is/are necessary to answer the question. What was the amount of profit earned? Statement 1: 20% discount is offered on marked price. Statement 2: If there is no discount, profit would be 30%. Statement 3: Selling price is 40% more than the cost price

  1. Statement 1 and 3 together

  2. All statements are required

  3. Statements 1 and 2 or 3

  4. Statements 3 only

  5. All statements are not sufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Let's analyze: Statement 1 says SP = 0.8×MP. Statement 2: If no discount, profit = 30%, so MP = 1.3×CP. Combining 1+2: SP = 0.8×1.3×CP = 1.04×CP. Statement 3 says SP = 1.4×CP. But 1.04×CP ≠ 1.4×CP, so the statements are contradictory. More importantly, without an actual numerical value for CP or SP, the profit amount cannot be calculated. Therefore, all statements are insufficient to determine the actual profit amount.