Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

If the cost price of an article is 80% of the selling price, then what is the profit percent? यदि किसी वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य विक्रय मूल्य का 80% है, तो लाभ प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 20

  2. 25

  3. 30

  4. 28
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

If CP = 80% of SP, then CP = 0.8 × SP. Profit = SP - CP = SP - 0.8SP = 0.2SP. Profit percent = (Profit/CP) × 100 = (0.2SP / 0.8SP) × 100 = (1/4) × 100 = 25%. Option B (25) is correct. Options A (20), C (30), and D (28) are incorrect.

Multiple choice

The marked price of an article is Rs 960 and it is sold at a discount of Rs 192. What is the discount percentage? एक वस्तु की चिह्नित कीमत 960 रुपये है और इसे 192 रुपये की छूट पर बेचा जाता है। छूट प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 15

  2. 20

  3. 25

  4. 30
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Discount percentage is calculated on the marked price. The discount amount is Rs. 192 on a marked price of Rs. 960. Therefore, discount percentage = (192/960) × 100 = 20%. Option B is correct. This is a straightforward percentage calculation.

Multiple choice

The cost price of a sewing machine is Rs. 800. The shopkeeper allows successive discounts of 15% and 10%. What is the selling price of the sewing machine?
  1. $Rs. 720$
  2. $Rs. 680$
  3. $Rs. 600$
  4. $Rs. 612$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Apply successive discounts to find the selling price. First discount of 15% on Rs. 800 gives Rs. 680. Then apply 10% discount on Rs. 680: 680 × 0.90 = Rs. 612. The key is applying discounts sequentially, not additively (15% + 10% = 25% would incorrectly give Rs. 600).

Multiple choice

One man buys two horses, A and B. Cost price of A is Rs.50 more than B. He sells A at a profit of 16% and B at a profit of 7%. His total gain is Rs.100. What was the original price of B?

  1. Rs. 450

  2. Rs. 400

  3. Rs. 300

  4. Rs. 350

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let B's cost price = x. Then A's cost price = x + 50. A sells at 16% profit: 1.16(x + 50) = 1.16x + 58. B sells at 7% profit: 1.07x. Total profit = (1.16x + 58 + 1.07x) - (2x + 50) = 0.23x + 8 = 100. Solving: 0.23x = 92, x = 400. B's price is Rs. 400.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sold an article to a man at Rs 600 profit. Man increased its price by 60% and sold it to another person at a discount of 25%. Profit earned by Man is Rs 40 more than that of shopkeeper. Find cost price for shopkeeper?

  1. Rs 2600

  2. Rs 2500

  3. Rs 2750

  4. Rs 2400

  5. Rs 2250
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let shopkeeper's CP = x, so SP = x + 600. Man buys at x + 600, increases by 60% to get 1.6(x + 600), then gives 25% discount, so final SP = 0.75 × 1.6(x + 600) = 1.2x + 720. Man's profit = (1.2x + 720) - (x + 600) = 0.2x + 120. Given this equals shopkeeper's profit (600) plus 40, so 0.2x + 120 = 640, giving x = 2600. Option A matches this result.

Multiple choice

In each of the following questions given below there are two blanks, each blank indicates that something has been omitted. Choose the answer in order. A shopkeeper decides to gives --------- discount on the marked price of an article, but also wants to earn 10 % profit. If the C.P of article is Rs--------- then the marked price will be Rs.110 A. 5 % , 95 B. 9%, 110 C. 12%, 28 D. 5%, 21

  1. Only A

  2. Only C

  3. Only B

  4. Only D

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

If CP = 95 and discount = 5%, then marked price = 95 × 1.10 = 104.5, not 110. But if marked price = 110 and discount = 5%, selling price = 110 × 0.95 = 104.5. Profit = 104.5 - 95 = 9.5, which is not 10% of 95 (which would be 9.5). Actually 9.5/95 = 0.1 = 10%. So this works. The calculation is: SP = MP × (1 - discount) = 110 × 0.95 = 104.5, and profit = 104.5 - 95 = 9.5, which is exactly 10% of 95.

Multiple choice

A Dealer offers a discount of 10% on the marked price of an article and still makes a profit of 20%. If its marked price is Rs 800, then the cost price of the article is

  1. Rs 900

  2. Rs 800

  3. Rs 700

  4. Rs 600
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Selling price after 10% discount = 90% of 800 = 720. This includes 20% profit, so 720 = 120% of CP. CP = 720/1.2 = 600. Option A would mean SP is 80% of CP (loss), Option B would mean SP = 90% of CP (loss), Option C would mean SP > CP (profit > 20%).

Multiple choice

The cost price of two dozen bananas is rupees 32. After selling 18 bananas at the rate of rupees 12 per dozen, the shopkeeper reduced the rate to rupees 4 per dozen. The loss percentage is
  1. $25.2 %$
  2. $32.4%$
  3. $36.5%$
  4. $37.5%$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price = Rs 32 for 24 bananas, so CP per banana = 32/24 = 4/3. Revenue: 18 bananas at Rs 12/dozen = Rs 18, and 6 bananas at Rs 4/dozen = Rs 2. Total revenue = Rs 20. Loss = 32 - 20 = Rs 12. Loss% = 12/32 × 100 = 37.5%. Options A, B, C are incorrect loss percentage calculations.

Multiple choice

Simran sold two radios for rupees 2000 each. On one she gains 16% and on the other she loses 16%. Find her gain or loss percent in the whole transaction.
  1. $2.56% gain$
  2. $4.68 %loss$
  3. $2.56% loss$
  4. $4.68% gain$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When selling two items at the same price, one at x% gain and the other at x% loss, the overall transaction always results in a loss of (x/10)^2%. Here x = 16, so loss = (16/10)^2 = 2.56%. The total selling price is Rs 4000, but the total cost price is higher (Rs 4105.60), resulting in a 2.56% loss. Option C is correct.