Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

Naimish bought two articles – P and Q at a total cost of Rs.5940. He sold article – P at 44% profit and article – B at 28% loss. In the whole deal he made no gain and no loss. At what price Naimish have sold article Q to make an overall profit of 25% नैमिष ने 5940 रुपये की कुल लागत पर P और Q दो वस्तुएं खरीदीं। उसने वस्तु P को 44% लाभ पर और वस्तु Q को 28% की हानि पर बेच दिया। पूरे सौदे में उसे कोई लाभ और कोई नुकसान नहीं हुआ। नैमिष को 25% का कुल लाभ प्राप्त करने के लिए वस्तु Q को किस कीमत पर बेचना चाहिए।

  1. 4098.6

  2. 4044.4

  3. 5012.5

  4. 4434

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let P's cost = x, Q's cost = (5940-x). P sold at 44% profit = 1.44x. Q sold at 28% loss = 0.72(5940-x). No gain/loss means: 1.44x + 0.72(5940-x) = 5940. Solving: 1.44x + 4276.8 - 0.72x = 5940, so 0.72x = 1663.2, x = 2310. So P cost 2310, Q cost 3630. For 25% overall profit on 5940, need 5940×1.25 = 7425. P sells at 1.44×2310 = 3326.4. Q must sell at 7425-3326.4 = 4098.6.

Multiple choice

Two successive discounts, each of x%, on the marked price of a book is equal to a single discount of Rs 587.40, then find the selling price of book after giving a single discount of x% is given on the market price(Given that MP of book = Rs.1500)?

  1. Rs 1200

  2. Rs 1170

  3. Rs 1155

  4. Rs 1025
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let x be the discount percentage. Single discount equivalent to two successive discounts of x% is: x + x - x²/100 = 2x - x²/100. The discount amount is Rs. 587.40 on MP of Rs. 1500, so discount percentage = 587.40/1500 × 100 = 39.24%. Therefore, 2x - x²/100 = 39.24. Solving gives x = 21%. Selling price after one discount of 21% = 1500 × 0.79 = Rs. 1185. The closest option is Rs. 1170, which is approximately correct.

Multiple choice

Mohit purchased an article and sold it at a profit of 14%. If he had sold it for Rs. 121 less, then there would have been a loss of 8%.Then find the profit or loss percentage if the same article was sold at Rs. 536.25?

  1. Loss, 2.5%

  2. Profit, 2.5%

  3. Profit, 5%

  4. Loss, 5%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP be the cost price. SP at 14% profit = 1.14 × CP. SP at 8% loss = 0.92 × CP. Difference = 1.14CP - 0.92CP = 0.22CP = Rs. 121. Therefore, CP = 121/0.22 = Rs. 550. When SP = Rs. 536.25: Loss = 550 - 536.25 = Rs. 13.75. Loss percentage = 13.75/550 × 100 = 2.5%. This is a clear profit-loss problem requiring identification of CP first.

Multiple choice

Rajesh purchased two bicycles and sold them at equal selling price. On first cycle he got a profit of 40% and on second cycle he got a profit of 25%. Find that cost price of costlier cycle is how much percent more than the price of cheaper cycle? राजेश ने दो साइकिल खरीदी तथा उन्हें समान विक्रय मूल्य पर बेच दिया। पहली साइकिल पर उसे 40% का लाभ हुआ जबकि दूसरी साइकिल पर उसे 25% का लाभ हुआ। बताइये महँगी साइकिल का क्रय मूल्य सस्ती साइकिल के क्रय मूल्य से कितने प्रतिशत अधिक है-

  1. 11%

  2. 10%

  3. 14%

  4. 15%

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Let the selling price of each cycle be S. For cycle 1 with 40% profit: cost price = S/1.4. For cycle 2 with 25% profit: cost price = S/1.25. The costlier cycle (lower profit percentage) has CP = S/1.25 = 0.8S, and the cheaper has CP = S/1.4 ≈ 0.714S. Percentage more = (0.8S - 0.714S) / 0.714S × 100 ≈ 12%. None of the given options (11%, 10%, 14%, 15%) matches 12%, so 'None of these' is correct.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper labelled the price of his articles to earn a profit of 30% on the cost price. He then sold the articles by offering a discount of 10% on the labelled price. What is the actual profit percent earned in the deal? एक दुकानदार ने लागत मूल्य पर 30% का लाभ अर्जित करने के लिए अपनी वस्तुओं की कीमत अंकित की। फिर उसने अंकित कीमत पर 10% की छूट देकर वस्तुओं को बेच दिया। सौदे में अर्जित वास्तविक लाभ प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 18%

  2. 15%

  3. 20%

  4. Can’t be determined निर्धारित नही किया जा सकता|

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. Marked price = 130 (30% profit). After 10% discount, SP = 130 × 0.9 = 117. Profit = 117 - 100 = 17. Actual profit = 17%, not 18% (option A), 15% (B), or 20% (C). Since the exact answer 17% isn't listed and the problem is solvable, option D is wrong. The correct answer is 'None of these' (option E).

Multiple choice

An article is sold at a profit of 25%. Shopkeeper allows three successive discounts of 10%, 15% and 5%. At what per cent above cost price he must marked the article? एक वस्तु को 25% के लाभ पर बेचा जाता है। दुकानदार 10%, 15% और 5% की तीन लगातार छूट की अनुमति देता है। लागत मूल्य से ऊपर किस प्रतिशत पर उसे वस्तु को चिह्नित करना होगा?

  1. 68%

  2. 72%

  3. 64%

  4. 80%

  5. 75%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. Selling price at 25% profit: SP = 125. Three successive discounts: 10%, 15%, 5%. Net factor = 0.9 × 0.85 × 0.95 = 0.72625. So SP = 0.72625 × MP, where MP is marked price. Therefore MP = 125/0.72625 ≈ 172.06. Mark-up above CP = (172.06 - 100) = 72.06%. Percentage above CP = 72.06%, which rounds to approximately 72%.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper bought 240 ton rice. He sold (\frac{4}{5})th is at 37.5% profit, then find at what percentage profit or loss he should sell remaining rice, so as to gain 25% on the whole transaction?

  1. 25% profit

  2. 25% loss

  3. 20% profit

  4. 20% loss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Total rice = 240 tons. First, 4/5 × 240 = 192 tons sold at 37.5% profit. Remaining = 48 tons. Let the required profit/loss percentage be x%. Overall target is 25% profit on total. Total CP = 240C (where C is cost per ton). SP of first part = 192C × 1.375. Total SP needed = 240C × 1.25. Let SP of remaining be 48C(1 + x/100). 192C × 1.375 + 48C(1 + x/100) = 240C × 1.25. This gives x = -25, meaning 25% loss.

Multiple choice

If the marked price of the mobile is Rs.6000 more than the money Rajesh had but the shopkeeper offers two successive discounts 10% and 5% respectively. Now he left with him Rs.9370. What is the marked price of the mobile?

  1. Rs. 100000

  2. Rs. 108000

  3. Rs. 94000

  4. Rs. 106000

  5. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let marked price be MP. Rajesh had MP - 6000 initially. After successive discounts of 10% and 5%, the selling price is MP × 0.9 × 0.95 = 0.855MP. Money remaining after purchase: (MP - 6000) - 0.855MP = 9370. Solving: 0.145MP = 15370, so MP = 15370 / 0.145 = Rs. 106,000. Option D is correct.

Multiple choice

If a shopkeeper marks an item 50% above its CP and if 12% discount is given on the marked price and the shopkeeper makes profit of 256 Rs, then what will be the actual cost price of the item? यदि कोई दुकानदार अपने क्रय मूल्य से 50% ऊपर मूल्य अंकित करता है, और यदि अंकित मूल्य पर 12% की छूट दी जाती है और दुकानदार 256 रु का लाभ कमाता है, तो वस्तु की वास्तविक कीमत क्या होगी?

  1. 1000

  2. 800

  3. 750

  4. 1200

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. MP = 1.5x (50% above CP). After 12% discount, SP = 1.5x × 0.88 = 1.32x. Profit = SP - CP = 1.32x - x = 0.32x. Given profit = ₹256, so 0.32x = 256, giving x = 800. The cost price is ₹800.

Multiple choice

When a person sold an article, his profit percent is 60% of the selling price. If the cost price is increased by 75% and the selling price remains the same, then find decrement in the profit is what percent of the selling price of the article? जब किसी व्यक्ति ने एक वस्तु बेचा, तो उसका लाभ प्रतिशत विक्रय मूल्य का 60% है। यदि लागत मूल्य में 75% की वृद्धि हुई है और विक्रय मूल्य समान है, तो लाभ % में गिरावट वस्तु के विक्रय मूल्य का कितना प्रतिशत है?

  1. 25 %

  2. 30 %

  3. 40 %

  4. 27.5 %

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = c, SP = s. Given profit = 60% of SP, so s - c = 0.6s, giving c = 0.4s. New CP = 1.75c (75% increase). New profit = s - 1.75c = s - 1.75(0.4s) = s - 0.7s = 0.3s. Original profit = 0.6s. Decrement in profit = 0.6s - 0.3s = 0.3s. As percent of SP: 0.3s/s × 100 = 30%.

Multiple choice

Arjun sells a scooter for Rs. 46,000 and makes some loss. If he had sold it for Rs. 58,000 his profit would have been double of his loss. Then find the cost price (in Rs) of the scooter?

  1. 52000

  2. 54000

  3. 48000

  4. 50000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x, loss at 46000 = x - 46000. Profit at 58000 = 58000 - x. Given 58000 - x = 2(x - 46000). Solving: 58000 - x = 2x - 92000, so 3x = 150000, x = 50000. CP is Rs. 50000. Option D is correct.

Multiple choice

A dealer marked the price of an item 20% above cost price. He allowed two successive discounts of 20% and 25% to a customer. As a result he incurred a loss of Rs 1400. At what price (in rupees) did he sell the item to the customer? एक डीलर ने लागत मूल्य से 20% अधिक मूल्य की वस्तु को चिह्नित किया। उन्होंने एक ग्राहक को 20% और 25% के दो क्रमिक छूट की अनुमति दी। परिणामस्वरूप उसे 1400 रुपए का नुकसान हुआ। किस कीमत पर (रुपए में) उसने ग्राहक को वस्तु बेची?

  1. 3600

  2. 4200

  3. 3850

  4. 4125

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Marked price = 1.2x. After 20% discount: 1.2x × 0.8 = 0.96x. After 25% discount: 0.96x × 0.75 = 0.72x. This is SP. Loss = CP - SP = x - 0.72x = 0.28x = 1400. So x = 1400/0.28 = 5000. SP = 0.72 × 5000 = 3600. Option A matches.

Multiple choice

A trader should sold a product at a profit of 6%. If the selling price had been decreased by Rs 200 there would have been a loss of 10%. The cost price of the product is: एक व्यापारी 6% के लाभ पर उत्पाद को बेचता है। यदि बिक्री मूल्य में 200 रुपये की कमी हुई होती तो 10% की हानि होती। उत्पाद की लागत मूल्य है:

  1. 1200

  2. 1205

  3. 1250

  4. 1275

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही|
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. SP at 6% profit = 1.06x. If SP reduced by 200, new SP = 1.06x - 200, which is at 10% loss = 0.9x. So: 1.06x - 200 = 0.9x. Solving: 0.16x = 200, x = 200/0.16 = 1250. Option C is correct.

Multiple choice

Two articles are sold for ₹ 2376 each. On one, the seller gains 32% and on the other he loses 28%. What is his overall loss percentage, correct to one decimal place? दो वस्तु ₹ 2376 प्रत्येक के हिसाब से बेचे जाते हैं। एक पर, विक्रेता को 32% का लाभ और दूसरे पर उसे 28% हानि होता है। एक दशमलव स्थान के लिए उसका कुल हानि प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 6%

  2. 5%

  3. 4%

  4. 6.8%

  5. None of these/ इनमे से कोई नही|
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

For each article, SP = Rs 2376. Article 1: CP1 = 2376/1.32 = Rs 1800, profit = Rs 576. Article 2: CP2 = 2376/0.72 = Rs 3300, loss = Rs 924. Total CP = Rs 5100, total SP = Rs 4752. Overall loss = (5100-4752)/5100 × 100 = 348/5100 × 100 = 6.8% (approx). Option C (4%) is too low given the asymmetric profit and loss percentages.