Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A salesman sells a commodity at 10% profit. If he had bought it at 10% less and sold it for Rs 4 less, then he would have gained 50/3%. The cost price of the commodity is - एक विक्रेता 10% लाभ पर एक वस्तु बेचता है। अगर उसने इसे 10% कम पर खरीदा और इसे 4 रुपये कम में बेचा, तो उसे 50/3% का फायदा हुआ। वस्तु की लागत मूल्य है -

  1. 120

  2. 80

  3. 60

  4. 90

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही|
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Original SP = 1.1x. New CP = 0.9x, new SP = 1.1x - 4. New profit = (1.1x - 4 - 0.9x) / 0.9x = (0.2x - 4) / 0.9x = 50/3% = 1/6. Solving: (0.2x - 4) / 0.9x = 1/6, 6(0.2x - 4) = 0.9x, 1.2x - 24 = 0.9x, 0.3x = 24, x = 80.

Multiple choice

If a trader sold an article at Rs 3060 after allowing 15% and 10% successive discounts on marked price, then the marked price is :

  1. Rs 5000

  2. Rs 6000

  3. Rs 3000

  4. Rs 4000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

After 15% discount, price becomes 85% of marked price. After additional 10% discount on reduced price, final price is 90% of 85% = 76.5% of marked price. So marked price = 3060/0.765 = Rs 4000. Check: 15% of 4000 = 600 (price Rs 3400), 10% of 3400 = 340 (final Rs 3060).

Multiple choice

A discount of 20% is given on the marked price of an article. The shopkeeper charges sales tax of 10% on the discounted price. If the selling price be Rs 3696, what is the marked price (in rupees) of the article? एक वस्तु के चिह्नित मूल्य पर 20% की छूट दी गई है। दुकानदार रियायती मूल्य पर 10% का बिक्री कर वसूलता है। यदि विक्रय मूल्य 3696 रुपये है, तो वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य (रुपये में) क्या है?

  1. 4000

  2. 4100

  3. 4250

  4. 4200

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Working backwards from SP Rs 3696: After 10% tax, discounted price = 3696 ÷ 1.1 = 3360. This is after 20% discount on MP, so MP = 3360 ÷ 0.8 = 4200. Verification: 4200 × 0.8 = 3360, then 3360 × 1.1 = 3696.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper earns a profit of 5% even after giving a discount of 10% on the marked price of an item. If the purchase price of the article is Rs. 300, what will be its marked value? एक दुकानदार एक वस्तु के अंकित मूल्य पर 10% की छूट देने के पश्चात भी 5% का लाभ अर्जित करता है| यदि वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य रु 300 है, तो उसका अंकित मूल्य क्या होगा?

  1. 375

  2. 400

  3. 350

  4. 320

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही|
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let marked price be M. Selling price = 0.90M (after 10% discount). Cost price = 300. Profit = 5% of 300 = 15. So selling price = 300 + 15 = 315. Therefore 0.90M = 315, M = 315/0.90 = 350.

Multiple choice

A person bought 100 kg of tea and sold it at a profit which is equal to what he paid for 40 kg of tea. Find the profit percentage earned by that person? एक व्यक्ति ने 100 किग्रा चाय खरीदी और इसे उसने उस लाभ पर बेचा, जो उसके द्वारा 40 किग्रा चाय हेतु किये गये भुगतान के बराबर है| उस व्यक्ति द्वारा अर्जित लाभ प्रतिशत ज्ञात कीजिए?

  1. 30%

  2. 40%

  3. 25%

  4. 20%

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही|
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost per kg be C. Total cost = 100C. Profit = cost of 40 kg = 40C. Profit percentage = (Profit/Cost) × 100 = (40C/100C) × 100 = 40%.

Multiple choice

After providing three consecutive discounts of 10%, 5% and 4% on the marked price of an item, it was sold for Rs. 98,496. What was the mark value of this item? एक वस्तु के अंकित मूल्य पर क्रमशः 10%, 5% और 4% के तीन क्रमागत छूट प्रदान करने के बाद इसे रु 98,496 में बेच दिया गया| इस वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य क्या था?

  1. 110700

  2. 120500

  3. 120000

  4. 120200

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही|
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

After successive discounts of 10%, 5%, and 4%, the selling price is 98496. Working backwards: SP = MP × 0.90 × 0.95 × 0.96 = MP × 0.8208. MP = 98496/0.8208 = 120000. Alternatively: 0.9 × 0.95 × 0.96 = 0.8208. 120000 × 0.8208 = 98496.

Multiple choice

A person marks his goods 30% above the cost price. He sells 60% of the goods at the marked price and the rest at 15% loss. What is his gain percent on the whole transaction? कोई व्यक्ति अपनी वस्तुओं को क्रयमूल्य से 30% अधिक मूल्य पर अंकित करता है। वह 60% वस्तुओं को अंकित मूल्य पर और शेष को 15% हानि पर बेच देता है। पूरे सौदे में उसका प्रतिशत लाभ कितना है?

  1. 9

  2. 10.5

  3. 12

  4. 15

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

CP = 100, MP = 130. 60 goods at MP: revenue = 60 × 130 = 7800. 40 goods at 15% loss: revenue = 40 × 85 = 3400. Total CP = 10000, revenue = 11200. Gain = 1200, which is 12%. Option B (10.5%) ignores the mixed transaction structure.

Multiple choice

A table is sold at a profit of 20%. If both the cost price and the selling price of the table are decreased by Rs. 100, the profit would be 5% more, original cost price of the table is- एक मेज को 20% लाभ पर बेचा जाता है। यदि मेज के क्रय मूल्य और विक्रय मूल्य दोनों में 100 रू. की कमी कर दी जाती है तो लाभ में 5% और वृद्धि हो जाती है, तो मेज का वास्तविक मूल्य है-

  1. Rs. 600

  2. Rs. 550

  3. Rs. 650

  4. Cannot be determined तय नहीं कर सकते

  5. Rs. 500
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. SP at 20% profit = 1.2x. New CP = x - 100, new SP = 1.2x - 100. New profit percentage = ((1.2x - 100) - (x - 100))/(x - 100) × 100 = (0.2x)/(x - 100) × 100. This is 5% more than 20%, so new profit = 25%. Therefore 0.2x/(x - 100) = 0.25, giving 0.2x = 0.25x - 25, so 0.05x = 25, x = 500. The claimed answer E (Rs. 500) is correct.

Multiple choice

A person sold an article for Rs.8750 at 25% profit. He allows 30% discount on it. What was the marked price of the article? एक व्यक्ति ने एक वस्तु को 25% लाभ के साथ रू. 8750 में बेचा जिसके अंकित पर उसने 30% की छूट दी। वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य क्या था?

  1. Rs.13000

  2. Rs.16000

  3. Rs.12000

  4. Rs.10000

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Selling at Rs. 8750 with 25% profit means cost = 8750/1.25 = Rs. 7000. If marked price is MP and 30% discount was given, then 0.7 × MP = 8750, so MP = 8750/0.7 = Rs. 12500 (approximately). None of options A-D match.

Multiple choice

Robert sold an article for Rs. 1190 that was marked price and gains 40%. If he gives 10% discount on the marked price, so find his profit%? राबर्ट एक वस्तु को उसके अंकित मूल्य रू. 1190 मे बेंचता है और 40% का लाभ उठाता है । यदि अंकित मूल्य पर 10% की छूट दी जाए, तो उसका लाभ% क्या होगा ?

  1. 36%

  2. 80%

  3. 26%

  4. 40%

  5. Can’t be determined तय नही किया जा सकता
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

SP = 1190, gain = 40%, so CP = 1190/1.4 = 850. Marked price = 1190 (sold at MP). With 10% discount, new SP = 1190 × 0.9 = 1071. New profit = (1071 - 850)/850 × 100 = 221/850 × 100 = 26%.

Multiple choice

Sangram buys a certain number of toys at 12 per Rs 9 and the same number at 18 per Rs 9. If he sells them at 18 per Rs15 does he gain or lose and by what percentage? संग्राम 9 रु की 12 के दर से कुछ खिलौने खरीदता है और उतने ही खिलौने 9 रु की 18 के दर से खरीदता है| यदि वह इन्हें 15 रु की 18 के दर से बेचता तो उसे कितना प्रतिशत का लाभ या हानि प्राप्त होता?

  1. 37.5% profit 37.5% लाभ

  2. 37.5% loss 37.5% हानि

  3. 33.33% profit 37.5% हानि

  4. 33.33% loss 33.33% हानि

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नही
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

First batch CP per toy = 9/12 = Rs 0.75. Second batch CP per toy = 9/18 = Rs 0.50. Average CP = (0.75 + 0.50)/2 = Rs 0.625. SP per toy = 15/18 = Rs 0.8333. Profit = 0.8333 - 0.625 = 0.2083. Profit % = 0.2083/0.625 × 100 = 33.33%. Since none of the given options match this exact answer, option E is correct.

Multiple choice

Ranjeet buys 4 dozen bananas at rate of Rs. 30 dozen and paid a transportation cost of Rs. 60. Find the selling price per banana in order to get a profit of 20%. रंजीत ने 4 दर्जन केले 30 रूपये/दर्जन की दर से खरीदे तथा परिवहन में 60 रूपये का भुगतान किया। प्रति केला विक्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिए। यदि वह 20 प्रतिशत का लाभ प्राप्त करना चाहता है-

  1. Rs. 3.5

  2. Rs. 3

  3. Rs. 4

  4. Rs. 4.5

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cost of bananas = 4 dozen × Rs. 30/dozen = Rs. 120. Total cost including transport = Rs. 120 + Rs. 60 = Rs. 180 for 48 bananas. For 20% profit, selling price = Rs. 180 × 1.2 = Rs. 216. Price per banana = Rs. 216/48 = Rs. 4.5.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper gives a discount of 37.5% to customer and still gets a profit of 25%. If the shopkeeper gives a discount of only 20%, what profit percent he will get? एक दुकानदार ग्राहक को 37.5% की छूट देने के पश्चात् भी 25% का लाभ कमाता है। यदि वह ग्राहक को केवल 20% की छूट दे तो उसका लाभ प्रतिशत क्या होगा ?

  1. 50%

  2. 60%

  3. 37.5%

  4. 40%

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let marked price be 100. After 37.5% discount, SP=62.5 which gives 25% profit, so CP=62.5÷1.25=50. At 20% discount, SP=80, giving profit of (80-50)÷50=0.60=60%. Option A (50%) incorrectly assumes linear discount-profit relationship.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper get a profit of 30 % by selling an article. If the shopkeeper buy the article at 10% less than its price and sells it at 10% less than its selling price. The difference in the profit he makes is Rs. 300. Find the cost price of the article? एक दुकानदार को एक वस्तु बेचने पर 30% का लाभ होता हैं। यदि वह इसे क्रयमूल्य से 10% कम पर खरीदें तथा 10% कम मूल्य पर बचें तो लाभों के बीच का अंतर 300 रू. हैं। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये ?

  1. Rs.10000 10000 रू

  2. Rs.20000 20000 रू.

  3. Rs.5000 5000 रू.

  4. Rs.7500 7500 रू.

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost price be Rs. x. Original selling price at 30% profit is 1.3x, giving profit of 0.3x. New cost price is 0.9x (10% less) and new selling price is 1.17x (10% less than original SP). New profit is 1.17x - 0.9x = 0.27x. The difference in profits is 0.3x - 0.27x = 0.03x = Rs. 300, so x = 300/0.03 = Rs. 10000. Option D (Rs.7500) would give a profit difference of Rs.225, and Option C (Rs.5000) would give Rs.150.

Multiple choice

After selling a watch, Suraj found that he had made a loss of 10%. He also found that had he sold it for Rs.27 more, he would have made a profit of 5%. If now he sells his watch for Rs 540 find his profit percent. एक घड़ी बेचने के बाद सूरज नें महसूस किया कि उसे 10% का नुकसान हुआ । उसने यह भी पाया कि वह इसे 27 रुपए अधिक में बेचता तो , वह 5% का लाभ कमाता । यदि अब वह 540 रुपए में अपनी घड़ी बेचता है उसका लाभ प्रतिशत ज्ञात कीजिये ।

  1. 150%

  2. 100%

  3. 75%

  4. 200%

  5. None of these इनमे से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP be cost price. 90% of CP is 10% loss, so selling at 0.9CP. 105% of CP is 5% profit, so selling at 1.05CP. Difference: 1.05CP - 0.9CP = 0.15CP = Rs. 27. So CP = 27/0.15 = Rs. 180. If now sold for Rs. 540, profit = 540-180 = Rs. 360. Profit percent = (360/180)×100 = 200%.