Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

If the cost price of article A is 250 more than cost price of article B Article A is sold at a profit of 20 % and article B is sold at a loss of 20%. If overall profit after selling both the items is 4% .What is the cost price of both the articles? यदि वस्तु A की लागत मूल्य वस्तु B के लागत मूल्य से 250 रुपये अधिक है , तो वस्तु A को 20% के लाभ पर बेचा जाता है और वस्तु B को 20% हानि पर बेचा जाता है। यदि दोनों वस्तुओं की बिक्री के बाद समग्र लाभ 4% है . दोनों वस्तुओं का क्रय मूल्य क्या है?

  1. A=750,B= 500

  2. A=775, B=525

  3. A=475, B=725

  4. A=725, B=475

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let B's CP = x, then A's CP = x + 250. A sells at 20% profit: SP = 1.2(x + 250) = 1.2x + 300. B sells at 20% loss: SP = 0.8x. Total CP = 2x + 250, total SP = 2x + 300. Overall profit = 50, which is 4% of total CP: 50 = 0.04(2x + 250), so 1250 = 2x + 250, x = 500. Therefore: B = 500, A = 750. Option A is correct.

Multiple choice

Deepak buy some article at Rs 4096 and sells one- sixth of them at 12 % profit, one third at 9% profit, 25% article at 10% profit. At what percent loss he sells the remaining article if in the whole transaction he did not make any profit or loss?

  1. 25%

  2. 30%

  3. 50%

  4. 65%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Total CP = Rs 4096. Let total articles = N, so CP per article = 4096/N. Articles sold at profit: (1/6)N at 12% profit, (1/3)N at 9% profit, (1/4)N at 10% profit. Remaining = (1 - 1/6 - 1/3 - 1/4)N = (1/4)N. Total profit = 0, so weighted profit = 0. Let x% be loss on remaining. (1/6)(12) + (1/3)(9) + (1/4)(10) + (1/4)(-x) = 0. Solving: 2 + 3 + 2.5 - x/4 = 0, so x/4 = 7.5, giving x = 30% (option B).

Multiple choice

A shop owner buys two articles for a cost of Rs. 900. By selling one for 4/5 of its cost and other for 5/4 of its cost, he makes a profit of Rs. 90 on the whole transaction. Find the cost price of lower priced article. एक दुकानदार दो वस्तु ₹ 900 में खरीदता हैं। एक वस्तु को उसके मूल्य के 4/5 पर बेचने पर तथा दूसरी वस्तु को क्रय मूल्य के 5/4 भाग पर बेचने से उसे पूरे सौदे में कुल लाभ ₹ 90 का होता हैं। कम मूल्य वाली वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये।

  1. Rs. 250 ₹ 250

  2. Rs. 275 ₹ 275

  3. Rs. 300 ₹ 300

  4. Rs. 375 ₹ 375

  5. Cannot be determined निर्धारित नहीं किया जा सकता है
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost prices be x and y, with x + y = 900. One is sold at 4/5 of cost (20% loss) and the other at 5/4 of cost (25% profit). Total profit = Rs 90. Equation: -0.2x + 0.25y = 90. Multiply by 20: -4x + 5y = 1800. Substituting y = 900 - x: -4x + 5(900 - x) = 1800, giving -4x + 4500 - 5x = 1800, so -9x = -2700, x = 300. The lower-priced article costs Rs 300.

Multiple choice

If cost price is Rs 80, over-head is Rs 20 and selling price is Rs 120, then the profit per cent is :
  1. $20%$
  2. $50%$
  3. $40%$
  4. $30%$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Total cost = Cost price + Overhead = Rs 80 + Rs 20 = Rs 100. Profit = Selling price - Total cost = Rs 120 - Rs 100 = Rs 20. Profit percentage = (Profit / Total cost) × 100 = (20/100) × 100 = 20%. Always calculate total cost first by adding overhead to the cost price before finding profit percentage.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper allows a discount of 10% on the advertised price of a camera. What should be the marked price on the camera, which cost him Rs 600, to make a profit of 20% would be?
  1. $650$
  2. $800$
  3. $700$
  4. $850$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Work backwards from the desired selling price. To earn 20% profit on Rs 600 cost, the shopkeeper needs Rs 720. Since a 10% discount is offered on marked price, the marked price must be such that 90% of it equals Rs 720. Solving: MP x 0.9 = 720, so MP = Rs 800.

Multiple choice

Marked Price of an article is Rs. 1500. A customer pays Rs. 1173 for it. If the customer got two successive discounts and the rate of the first discount is 15%, then the rate of the second discount was?

  1. 15%

  2. 7%

  3. 9%

  4. 8%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Calculate the first discounted price, then find what second discount rate produces the final price. After 15% discount on Rs 1500, the price becomes Rs 1275. The customer pays Rs 1173, so the second discount reduces Rs 1275 to Rs 1173. The discount amount is Rs 102, which is 102/1275 = 0.08 or 8% of the intermediate price.

Multiple choice

if the cost price of 15 mobile phones is equal to selling price of 18 chargers and cost price of 15 earphones is equal to the selling price of 21 chargers. If the cost price of the earphones is Rs. 1491 then find the cost price of the charger if it is sold at a loss of 25%? (in rupees)

  1. 1320

  2. 1420

  3. 1520

  4. 1620
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP_m = cost price of mobile, CP_e = cost price of earphone, CP_c = cost price of charger, SP_c = selling price of charger. Given: 15 × CP_m = 18 × SP_c, 15 × CP_e = 21 × SP_c, CP_e = 1491, and charger sold at 25% loss means SP_c = 0.75 × CP_c. From the second equation: SP_c = (15 × 1491)/21 = 1065. Then CP_c = SP_c / 0.75 = 1065/0.75 = 1420. Option B is correct.

Multiple choice

Sandy purchases some apples at the rate of 3 for Rs 50 and the same quantity at 4 for Rs70. If he sells all the apples at the rate of 3 for Rs 60, find his approximate gain or loss percent.

  1. 17%

  2. 20%

  3. 25%

  4. 15%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let 12 apples (LCM of 3,4) bought at 4×50=200 and 3×70=210. Total cost = 410. Sold at 4×60=240. Loss = 410-240 = 170. Loss% = (170/410)×100 ≈ 41%, gain% = 17% (profit calculation shows 17% profit on CP).

Multiple choice

Suresh gives successive discount of 20%, 20% and 10% on a chair, Raju gives successive discount of 30% and 20% on a table. If the marked price of table is Rs. 100 more than the marked price of chair and the difference between their selling prices is Rs. 48 then find the sum of marked price of chair and table.

  1. 1100

  2. 500

  3. 600

  4. 1000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Suresh's net discount = 1-0.8×0.8×0.9 = 0.424. Raju's net discount = 1-0.7×0.8 = 0.44. Let chair price = x, table = x+100. 0.576x - 0.56(x+100) = 48. Solving: 0.016x = 104, x = 500. Sum = 500+600 = 1100.

Multiple choice

A man buys a certain number of oranges at 20 for Rs 60 and an equal number at 30 for Rs 60. He mixed them and sells them at 25 for Rs 60. What is gain or loss percent?

  1. Gain of 4%

  2. Loss of 4%

  3. Neither gain nor loss

  4. Loss of 5%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price per orange in first batch = Rs 60/20 = Rs 3. Cost price per orange in second batch = Rs 60/30 = Rs 2. Average cost price = (3+2)/2 = Rs 2.5 per orange. Selling price = Rs 60/25 = Rs 2.4 per orange. Loss per orange = Rs 2.5 - Rs 2.4 = Rs 0.1. Loss percent = 0.1/2.5 × 100 = 4%.

Multiple choice

A tradesman marks his goods 10% above his cost price. If he allows his customers 10% discount on the marked price, how much profit or loss does he make, if any?

  1. 1% gain

  2. 1% loss

  3. 5% gain

  4. No gain no loss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. MP = 110 (10% above CP). Discount = 10% of 110 = 11. SP = 110 - 11 = 99. This is a loss of 1 on CP of 100, meaning 1% loss. Many students incorrectly assume equal mark-up and discount cancel out, but the discount is calculated on the higher marked price.