Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

If the selling price of an article is 8% more than the cost price and the discount offered is 10% on the marked price of the article, then what is the ratio of the cost price to the marked price?
  1. $5 : 6$
  2. $8 : 9$
  3. $3 : 4$
  4. $4 : 5$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Then SP = 1.08x (8% more than CP). Discount is 10% on MP, so SP = 0.9 × MP. Therefore 0.9 × MP = 1.08 × CP, which gives MP/CP = 1.08/0.9 = 1.2 = 6/5. So CP : MP = 5 : 6.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sold an article at a loss of 25%.If the selling price had been increased by Rs.210, there would have been a gain of 10%. The cost price of the article (in Rs.) was –

  1. Rs. 300

  2. Rs. 450

  3. Rs. 575

  4. Rs. 600
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price be CP. Selling price at 25% loss = 0.75 × CP. If this were increased by Rs. 210, new SP = 0.75 × CP + 210, which gives a 10% gain: 1.10 × CP. So 0.75CP + 210 = 1.10CP, which gives 0.35CP = 210, so CP = 210/0.35 = Rs. 600.

Multiple choice

One shopkeeper calculates the percentage of profit on the buying price and another calculates on selling price. When their selling prices are the same, then the difference of their actual profit is Rs. 95 and both claim to have made 20% profit. What is the selling price of each ?

  1. Rs. 1900

  2. Rs. 2100

  3. Rs. 2850

  4. Rs. 2750
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let SP = selling price, CP1 = cost price for first shopkeeper (profit on CP), CP2 = cost price for second shopkeeper (profit on SP). For first: 1.2 × CP1 = SP, so CP1 = SP/1.2. For second: profit is 20% of SP, so CP2 = 0.8 × SP. Both have same SP but different profit amounts. Difference = 0.2SP - 0.2CP1 = 0.2SP - 0.2(SP/1.2) = 95. Solving: SP(0.2 - 0.2/1.2) = 95, so SP(0.2 - 0.1667) = 95, SP(0.0333) = 95, SP = 2850. Options A, B, D are incorrect values.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper buys a radio listed at Rs. 1000 and gets successive discounts of 10% and 20% he spends 10% of the cost price on transportation if he wants a profit of 15%, he should sell the radio for.

  1. Rs. 910.80

  2. Rs. 820.60

  3. Rs. 727.00

  4. Rs. 720
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Listed price = Rs. 1000. After 10% discount: 1000 × 0.9 = 900. After additional 20% discount: 900 × 0.8 = 720. Transportation cost: 10% of 720 = 72. Total cost = 720 + 72 = 792. For 15% profit: selling price = 792 × 1.15 = 910.80. The key is to apply discounts successively (not additively) and include the transportation cost in the total cost.

Multiple choice

After giving a discount of 25\% on the marked price, a laptop is sold at (₹ 22,500). What is its marked price?
  1. $\(₹ 32,000\)$
  2. $\(₹ 36,500\)$
  3. $\(₹ 30,000\)$
  4. $\(₹ 29,000\)$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

After a 25% discount, the selling price is 75% of the marked price. If ₹22,500 is 75% of marked price, then marked price = 22,500 ÷ 0.75 = ₹30,000. Alternatively: selling price = marked price × (1 - discount%), so 22,500 = MP × 0.75, giving MP = ₹30,000. Option C is correct.

Multiple choice

The marked price of a shoe was Rs 720. A man bought the same for Rs 550.80 after getting two successive discounts, the first being 10\%. The second discount rate is

  1. 18 %

  2. 12 %

  3. 14 %

  4. 15 %
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

After 10% discount, price = 720 × 0.9 = Rs 648. Let second discount be x%. Final price = 648 × (1 - x/100) = 550.80. So 1 - x/100 = 550.80/648 = 0.85. Therefore x/100 = 0.15, which means x = 15%. The second discount rate is 15%.

Multiple choice

Rohit sold his car at 10% below the cost price to Amit. Amit got the car repaired and spent Rs 5000. He then sold the car to Rajesh at 20% above the total cost, which is equal to Rs 100000. Find the original price of the car?

  1. Rs 93000

  2. Rs 83000

  3. Rs 87000

  4. Rs 97000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Rajesh bought at 20% above total cost, and sold for Rs 100000. So 120% of total cost = 100000, meaning total cost for Amit = 100000/1.2 = Rs 83333.33. This includes Rs 5000 repair, so Rohit's selling price = 83333.33 - 5000 = Rs 78333.33. Rohit sold at 10% below cost, so this is 90% of original price. Original price = 78333.33/0.9 = Rs 87037, approximately Rs 87000.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper marks his goods at 20% above the cost price. He allows his customers a discount of 8% on marked price. Find out his profit percent? एक दुकानदार अपने सामान पर क्रय मूल्य से 20% अधिक अंकित करता है| वह अपने ग्राहकों को अंकित मूल्य पर 8% की छूट देता है, उसका लाभ प्रतिशत ज्ञात करें?

  1. 10%

  2. 10.2%

  3. 10.3%

  4. 10.4%

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price = 100. Marked price = 120. After 8% discount: selling price = 120 × 0.92 = 110.4. Profit = 110.4 - 100 = 10.4, which is 10.4% of cost price. Option D is correct.

Multiple choice

Raju sells an article at 20% profit. When the cost price of article was reduced to 62.5% of its original cost price he also reduces selling price of article by 260 Rs. If his new profit percent is 40%.Find original cost price of article. राजू किसी वस्तु को 20% लाभ पर बेचता है जब वस्तु की लागत मूल्य इसकी मूल लागत मूल्य के 62.5% के बराबर हो जाती है तो उसने वस्तु की कीमत भी 260 रुपए कम कर दिया। यदि उसका नया लाभ प्रतिशत 40% है। तो वस्तु की वास्तविक लागत मूल्य ज्ञात करें ।

  1. 800 Rs 800 रुपये

  2. 750 Rs 750 रुपये

  3. 500 Rs 500 रुपये

  4. 1250 Rs 1250 रुपये

  5. 1500 Rs 1500 रुपये
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Original CP=x, SP=1.2x. New CP=0.625x, new SP=1.4×0.625x=0.875x (40% profit). Given new SP=1.2x-260: 0.875x=1.2x-260, so 0.325x=260, x=800.

Multiple choice

A dealer sold a radio at a loss of 2.5%. Had he sold it for Rs. 120 more, he would have gained 7.5%. In order to gain 12.5% after a 25% discount, the marked price should be: एक दुकानदार एक रेडियो को 2.5% की हानि पर बेचता है । यदि वह इसे 120 रु. अधिक में बेचता, वह 7.5% का लाभ प्राप्त करता । 25% की छूट देने के बाद 12.5% का लाभ प्राप्त करने के लिए, अंकित मूल्य होना चाहिए :

  1. 1750

  2. 1800

  3. 1857.75

  4. 1925

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Selling at 2.5% loss: 0.975x. For 7.5% gain: 1.075x. Difference = 0.10x = 120, so x = 1200. For 12.5% gain after 25% discount: 0.75 × MP = 1.125 × 1200 = 1350. MP = 1350/0.75 = 1800.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper claims to sell 22% of his items on the loss, but he weighs 30% less weight. Find the actual loss or profit percentage? एक दुकानदार अपने वस्तुओ को 22% हानि पर बेचने का दावा करता है परन्तु वह 30% कम वजन तौलता है| वास्तविक हानि या लाभ प्रतिशत ज्ञात कीजिये?

  1. 18.53%

  2. 23.45%

  3. 25%

  4. 11.42%

  5. 17.63%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The shopkeeper claims 22% loss, so selling price = 78% of cost price. But he weighs 30% less, meaning he gives only 70 units but charges for 100 units. So his actual cost is for 70 units, but he receives payment for 100 units at 78% of marked price. Effective cost = 70, effective selling = 78. Profit = 78 - 70 = 8. Profit% = 8/70 × 100 = 11.42%.

Multiple choice

Instead of normal weighing scale a shopkeeper used forged scale. He used 1.4 kg scale while buying and 840g scale while selling, what will his overall profit percentage, if in the end he offers 10% discount? सामान्य तौल पैमाने के बजाय एक दुकानदार जाली पैमाने का उपयोग करता है। उसने खरीदते समय 1.4 किलो स्केल का इस्तेमाल किया जबकि बेचते समय 840 ग्राम पैमाने का, उसका कुल लाभ प्रतिशत क्या होगा, अगर अंत में वह 10% छूट प्रदान करता है?

  1. 30%

  2. 40%

  3. 50%

  4. 60%

  5. 70%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Buying with 1.4kg scale: For every 1.4kg paid, shopkeeper gets 1kg actual. CP for 1kg = CP_actual × (1/1.4). Selling with 840g scale: For every 840g given, customer pays for 1kg. SP for 1kg = SP_actual × (1/0.84). Effective SP after discount = 0.9 × SP. Profit % calculation yields 50%. Option C is correct. The false weighing on both sides amplifies the profit significantly despite the discount.

Multiple choice

A watch is sold at a profit of 20% if both the cost price and selling price of the watch decreased by Rs. 200, the profit would be 10% more. original cost price of the watch is? एक घड़ी को 20% लाभ पर बेचा जाता है, यदि क्रय मूल्य व विक्रय मूल्य दोनों में ही रू. 200 को कमी कर दी जाये तो लाभ में 10% की वृद्धि हो जाती है घड़ी का वास्तविक क्रयमूल्य ज्ञात करें?

  1. Rs. 500 500 रू.

  2. Rs. 550 550 रू.

  3. Rs. 600 600 रू.

  4. Rs. 650 650 रू.

  5. None of these इनमें से कोई नहीं
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Original SP = 1.2x. New CP = x-200, new SP = 1.2x-200. New profit = (1.2x-200) - (x-200) = 0.2x, which is 30% of new CP. So 0.2x = 0.3(x-200), giving 0.2x = 0.3x - 60, so 0.1x = 60, x = 600. Option C is correct.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper sold his goods at 20% profit. If he had bought it at 10% more and sold it for Rs. 14 more, he would have gained 25%. Find the cost price of goods. एक दुकानदार ने अपना माल 20% लाभ पर बेच दिया। यदि उसने इसे 10% अधिक पर खरीदा होता और 14 रू. अधिक में बेचा होता, तो उसे 25% का फायदा हुआ होता। वस्तु का लागत मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये।

  1. Rs. 40

  2. Rs. 60

  3. Rs. 80

  4. Rs. 90

  5. Rs. 100
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Original SP = x + 0.2x = 1.2x. New CP = x + 0.1x = 1.1x. New SP = 1.2x + 14. New profit = 25%, so New SP = 1.25 × New CP = 1.25 × 1.1x = 1.375x. Therefore: 1.2x + 14 = 1.375x, which gives 0.175x = 14, so x = 80. Verification: Original scenario: CP = 80, SP = 96 (20% profit). New scenario: CP = 88, SP = 110 (25% profit on 88 is exactly 22, and 96 + 14 = 110). This confirms CP = Rs. 80.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper marked the price of an article 25% above the cost price and allowed two successive discounts of 15% and 24% respectively to a particular customer. As a result, he incurred a loss of Rs. 462. At what price did he sell the item to customer? एक दुकानदार ने एक वस्तु की कीमत लागत मूल्य से 25% अधिक अंकित की और एक विशेष ग्राहक को क्रमशः 15% और 24% की दो क्रमिक छूट की अनुमति दी । नतीजतन, उसने रु. 462 का नुकसान उठाया। उसने ग्राहक को वस्तु किस मूल्य पर बेची?

  1. Rs. 2000

  2. Rs. 1928

  3. Rs. 1948

  4. Rs. 1958

  5. Rs. 1938
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. MP = 1.25x. After 15% discount: 1.25x × 0.85 = 1.0625x. After 24% discount: 1.0625x × 0.76 = 0.8075x. Loss = x - 0.8075x = 0.1925x = 462. So x = 462 ÷ 0.1925 = 2400. SP = 0.8075 × 2400 = 1938.