Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

Anu fixes the selling price of an article at 25\% above its cost of production. If the cost of production goes up by 20\% and she raises the selling price by 10\%, then her percentage profit is (correct to one decimal place):
  1. $16.4\%$
  2. $14.6\%$
  3. $13.8\%$
  4. $15.2\%$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let original cost = 100. Original SP = 125. New cost = 120 (20% increase). New SP = 137.5 (10% increase on 125). New profit = 137.5 - 120 = 17.5. Percentage profit = (17.5/120) × 100 = 14.58%, which rounds to 14.6%.

Multiple choice

A dealer marks an article 40% above the cost price and sells it to a customer allowing successive discount of 20% and 25% on the marked price. If he suffers a loss of Rs. 140, then the cost price of the article is (in Rs.):

  1. 900

  2. 840

  3. 872

  4. 875
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Marked price = 1.4x. After 20% discount: 1.4x × 0.8 = 1.12x. After 25% discount: 1.12x × 0.75 = 0.84x. Loss = x - 0.84x = 0.16x = 140, so x = 140/0.16 = 875.

Multiple choice

If Ram buys a dozen tables for Rs 8000 and sells each table for Rs 800, what will be his profit percentage?

  1. 30%

  2. 25%

  3. 15%

  4. 20%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ram buys 12 tables for Rs 8000, so cost price per table is Rs 8000/12 ≈ Rs 666.67. He sells each for Rs 800, so profit per table is Rs 133.33. Profit percentage = (133.33/666.67) × 100 = 20%. Alternatively, total selling price = 12 × 800 = Rs 9600, total profit = 9600 - 8000 = Rs 1600, profit% = (1600/8000) × 100 = 20%.

Multiple choice

By selling 8 items for 2 rupees, a man incurs a 50% loss. If he sold 4 items for Rs. 2, what would be the percentage of profit?

  1. 20

  2. 30

  3. 25

  4. 0
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When 8 items sell for Rs. 2 with a 50% loss, each item's selling price is Rs. 0.25. A 50% loss means the cost price per item is Rs. 0.50 (since 0.25 is half of 0.50). When 4 items sell for Rs. 2, each item sells for Rs. 0.50, which exactly equals the cost price, resulting in 0% profit.

Multiple choice

Sangram sells vegetables at 35% more than their cost price and uses 10% less weight while weighing the item. What is his total profit percentage?

  1. 50

  2. 45

  3. 35

  4. 55
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price per unit be Rs. 100 and actual weight be 1000 units. Sangram sells at 35% profit, so SP = Rs. 135 for 1000 units. But he gives only 900 units (10% less). Effective SP per unit = 135/900 × 1000 = Rs. 150. Profit = (150 - 100)/100 × 100 = 50%. This combines the 35% markup with the gain from false weight.

Multiple choice

Cost price of a pen is Rs. 100 and that of notebook is Rs. 280. If pen is sold at 200% profit, then to purchase 10 such notebooks, how many pens are required to sell if only profit money is used to buy notebooks?

  1. 18

  2. 12

  3. 14

  4. 20

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The pen costs Rs. 100 and is sold at 200% profit, so selling price is 100 + (200% of 100) = 100 + 200 = Rs. 300. Profit per pen = Rs. 200. Each notebook costs Rs. 280, so 10 notebooks cost 2800. Number of pens needed = 2800 / 200 = 14 pens. Option C is correct.

Multiple choice

A product was marked for sale with a label price, which is at 20% discount on the printed price. At the time of sale, the shopkeeper gave an additional 10% discount on the label price. If a customer bought the product at 468, then what is the printed price of the product?
  1. $700$
  2. $650$
  3. $5520$
  4. $5600$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let printed price be P. Label price is at 20% discount: 0.8P. Additional 10% discount on label: 0.9 × 0.8P = 0.72P = 468. Therefore P = 468/0.72 = 650. Option B is correct.

Multiple choice

A person marked his goods at a price that would give him 40% profit. But he declared a sale and allowed 20% discount on the marked price. What is the profit percentage of the person in the whole transaction?

  1. 12%

  2. 32%

  3. 30%

  4. 20%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Marked price = 1.40 × cost price (40% profit). After 20% discount, selling price = 0.80 × 1.40 × cost = 1.12 × cost. This gives 12% profit overall. Option A is correct. Option B (32%) assumes the profit percentages add directly. Option C (30%) ignores the discount. Option D (20%) is the discount rate, not the final profit.

Multiple choice

A merchant allows 5% discount on all his goods to all his customers. He offers a further discount of 2% on the reduced price to those customers who pay cash. What will a customer actually has to pay for an article in cash if its marked price is Rs 9600?
  1. $7832.5$
  2. $8937.6$
  3. $7896.6$
  4. $8432.5$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

First discount 5% on Rs 9600: 9600 × 0.95 = 9120. Second discount 2% on reduced price: 9120 × 0.98 = 8937.6. Customer pays Rs 8937.60. Option B correct. Option A (7832.5) too low. Option C (7896.6) incorrect calculation. Option D (8432.5) doesn't match correct successive discount.