Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

A costs twice as much as B. A is sold at a loss of 10% and B is sold at (\frac{7}{5})th of its price. If selling price of A is Rs. 1200 more than selling price of B, what is the cost price of A?

  1. 2400

  2. 3000

  3. 4500

  4. 6000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of B = x, so CP of A = 2x. SP of A = 90% of 2x = 1.8x. SP of B = 7/5 of x = 1.4x. Difference: 1.8x - 1.4x = 0.4x = 1200, so x = 3000. CP of A = 2×3000 = 6000. Options A, B, C are miscalculations.

Multiple choice

Mr. Sharma sold his bike to Mr. Kelkar at a loss of 20%. Mr. Kelkar spends Rs. 2,000 on its repair and sells it for Rs. 22,000, thus making a profit of 10%. Then the cost price of the bike for Mr. Sharma is-

  1. Rs. 18,500

  2. Rs. 25,000

  3. Rs. 22,500

  4. Rs. 15,000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let Sharma's cost price be x. He sells at 20% loss, so Kelkar buys it at 0.8x. Kelkar spends Rs. 2000 on repair, so his total cost is 0.8x + 2000. Kelkar sells at 10% profit: 22000 = 1.1 × (0.8x + 2000). So 0.8x + 2000 = 22000/1.1 = 20000. Therefore 0.8x = 18000, and x = 18000/0.8 = 22500. Sharma's cost price was Rs. 22,500.

Multiple choice

The marked price of an article is 35% above the cost price. 20% discount given on article and then sold. If the marked price of the article is 60% above the cost price and article was sold at 25% discount then the difference between both the selling prices is 2040. Find the first marked price of the article.

  1. 22550

  2. 22950

  3. 22650

  4. 22750

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = c. First case: MP = 1.35c, SP after 20% discount = 1.35c × 0.8 = 1.08c. Second case: MP = 1.60c, SP after 25% discount = 1.60c × 0.75 = 1.20c. Difference in SP = 1.20c - 1.08c = 0.12c = 2040. So c = 2040/0.12 = 17000. First MP = 1.35 × 17000 = 22950. Common mistake: mixing up which MP to find.

Multiple choice

A product costs a company Rs 120 to manufacture, and it sold the product to a dealer for Rs 140, who in turn sold it to a shopkeeper for Rs 170, who sold to a customer for Rs 204. Who made the highest profit percent on selling the product and how much?

  1. 20 1/3% company

  2. 21 3/7% dealer

  3. 20 1/3% dealer

  4. 16 2/3% customer

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Company: CP=120, SP=140, Profit=20, Profit% = 20/120 × 100 = 16.67%. Dealer: CP=140, SP=170, Profit=30, Profit% = 30/140 × 100 = 21.43%. Shopkeeper: CP=170, SP=204, Profit=34, Profit% = 34/170 × 100 = 20%. Customer has no profit. Dealer's profit = 21 3/7% is highest.

Multiple choice

Cost Price of two bags is same. One of the bag is sold at a profit of 30% and the Selling Price of another one bag is Rs. 1700 more than the first one. The net profit is 40%. What is the Cost Price of Each bag?

  1. 9000

  2. 9200

  3. 8800

  4. 8200

  5. 8500
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of each bag = x. First bag: SP = 1.3x. Second bag: SP = 1.3x + 1700. Total CP = 2x, Total SP = 2.6x + 1700. Net profit = 40%, so Total SP = 1.4 × 2x = 2.8x. So 2.8x = 2.6x + 1700, 0.2x = 1700, x = 8500. Each bag costs Rs 8500.

Multiple choice

The marked price of a pen is Rs 3000. The shopkeeper gives two successive discounts of 15% and a% to the customer. If the customer pays Rs 2142 for the pen, then what is the value (in percentage) of a?

  1. 16

  2. 14

  3. 17

  4. 18
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

After 15% discount, price becomes 3000 × 0.85 = 2550. After 'a'% discount, final price is 2142. So 2550 × (1 - a/100) = 2142, giving (1 - a/100) = 2142/2550 = 0.84. Therefore a/100 = 0.16, so a = 16%.

Multiple choice

By selling an article at 20\% profit the profit is four times of discount then marked price is what percent of cost price?
  1. $25\%$
  2. $120\%$
  3. $125\%$
  4. $150\%$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100, Profit = 20, so SP = 120. Given profit = 4 × discount. Let discount = d, then 20 = 4d, so d = 5. This means MP - 5 = 120, so MP = 125. Therefore MP is 125% of CP. Option A (25%) is incorrect, B (120%) would mean MP = SP, and D (150%) doesn't satisfy the condition.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper marks the garments at such a price that even after allowing a discount of 12.5\%, he makes a profit of 10\%. Find the marked price of a suit which costs him Rs. 1470.

  1. Rs.1848

  2. Rs.1860

  3. Rs.1800

  4. Rs.1850
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The shopkeeper wants a 10% profit after giving 12.5% discount. Cost = Rs. 1470. Selling price for 10% profit = 1470 × 1.10 = 1617. This selling price is after 12.5% discount on marked price, so 1617 = MP × (1 - 0.125) = MP × 0.875. Therefore, Marked Price = 1617/0.875 = 1848. Alternatively: MP = 1470 × 1.10/0.875 = 1848.

Multiple choice

An article is sold for Rs.2070 at a 15% profit. If the article is sold for Rs.1890, then what will be the gain /loss percent?

  1. 10% loss

  2. 5% loss

  3. 10 % gain

  4. 5 % gain
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

First find CP: SP = 2070, profit = 15%, so CP = 2070/1.15 = 1800. New SP = 1890. Profit = 1890 - 1800 = 90. Profit percent = (90/1800) × 100 = 5%. Therefore, there is a 5% gain when sold at Rs. 1890. The key is to first establish the cost price from the first selling price, then calculate profit/loss on the new price.

Multiple choice

An article is sold for Rs. 6500 so as to earn a profit of 4%. A second article whose cost price is Rs. 3750, is sold at a loss of 4%. What is the overall gain or loss percent in whole transaction?

  1. 4% gain

  2. 1% loss

  3. 4 % loss

  4. 1% gain
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

First article CP = 6500/1.04 = Rs. 6250. Second article CP = Rs. 3750, SP at 4% loss = 3750 x 0.96 = Rs. 3600. Total CP = 6250 + 3750 = Rs. 10000, Total SP = 6500 + 3600 = Rs. 10100. Overall profit = Rs. 100 on Rs. 10000, which is 1% gain.

Multiple choice

A person sells two fans for Rs 3400. The cost price of the first fan is equal to the selling price of the second fan. If the first is sold at 30% loss and the second at 100% gain, what is total profit or loss (in rupees)?

  1. 375

  2. 350

  3. 400

  4. 380

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP1 be cost price of first fan, SP2 be selling price of second fan. Given CP1 = SP2. Let CP2 be cost price of second fan. First fan: SP1 = 0.7 CP1 (30% loss). Second fan: SP2 = 2 CP2 (100% gain). Total SP = 3400. So 0.7 CP1 + CP1 = 3400 (since CP1 = SP2). Thus 1.7 CP1 = 3400, CP1 = 2000. CP2 = CP1/2 = 1000 (since SP2 = 2 CP2). Total CP = 2000 + 1000 = 3000. Profit = 3400 - 3000 = 400.

Multiple choice

Keerthy marked the price of an article 28% above the cost price and allowed two successive discounts of 15% and 20% respectively to Komal . As a result , she incurred a loss of Rs. 1296. At what price did she sell the article to Komal?

  1. 8704

  2. 8407

  3. 7408

  4. 4870

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. MP = x + 0.28x = 1.28x. After 15% discount: 1.28x × 0.85 = 1.088x. After 20% discount: 1.088x × 0.80 = 0.8704x. Loss = CP - SP = x - 0.8704x = 0.1296x. Given loss = Rs. 1296, so 0.1296x = 1296, meaning x = 1296/0.1296 = 10000. SP = 0.8704 × 10000 = 8704. This matches option A.