Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

The marked price of an article is Rs.2400 more than the cost price. When the discount of Rs.500 is allowed, then the profit of 20% is earned. At what price should an article be sold to earn the profit of 30%.

  1. Rs.16755

  2. Rs.12350

  3. Rs.11960

  4. Rs.13845

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Then MP = x + 2400. After Rs.500 discount, SP = (x + 2400) - 500 = x + 1900. At 20% profit: x + 1900 = 1.2x, so 0.2x = 1900, x = 9500. For 30% profit, SP = 1.3 × 9500 = Rs.12350. Option B matches this calculation.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper marks up the price of his product by 20%. If he increases the discount from 5% to 10%, the profit would decrease by Rs 21. How much profit/ loss would he earn if he gives a discount of 20% on the marked price?

  1. 18 loss

  2. 18 profit

  3. 14 loss

  4. 14 profit

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. MP = 1.2x. At 5% discount: SP = 1.14x, profit = 0.14x. At 10% discount: SP = 1.08x, profit = 0.08x. Profit decrease = 0.06x = 21, so x = 350. At 20% discount: SP = 0.96x, loss = 0.04x = Rs 14 loss.

Multiple choice

If the selling price of an article is 200% of the cost price of the article then the profit percentage on selling price is यदि किसी वस्तु का विक्रय मूल्य उसके क्रय मूल्य का 200% है तो विक्रय मूल्य पर लाभ प्रतिशतता है

  1. 75%

  2. 125%

  3. 50%

  4. 200%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

SP = 200% of CP = 2 × CP. Profit = SP - CP = CP. Profit % on SP = (Profit/SP) × 100 = (CP/2CP) × 100 = 50%.

Multiple choice

Neetu sold a watch marked at Rs.3800 after giving a discount of 43% and gets a profit of 14%. What is the cost price of the watch? 3800 रु. अंकित मूल्य वाली घड़ी को नीतू 43% की छूट देने के बाद बेचती है और 14% का लाभ भी प्राप्त करती है। घड़ी का क्रय मूल्य क्या है ?

  1. Rs.1200

  2. Rs.1800

  3. Rs.1600

  4. Rs.1900
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Marked price = 3800, discount = 43%, so SP = 57% of 3800 = 2166. Profit = 14%, so CP = SP/1.14 = 2166/1.14 = 1900.

Multiple choice

How many (in numbers) apples were sold? Statement I: Total profit earned was Rs.1596 Statement II: Cost price per apple was Rs.632 Statement III: Selling price per apple was Rs.765

  1. I and either II or III

  2. I and II

  3. III and either I or II

  4. I, II and III

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

To find the number of apples sold, we need the profit per apple and total profit. Profit per apple = Selling Price - Cost Price = 765 - 632 = Rs.133. With total profit of Rs.1596 from Statement I, we get Number of apples = 1596/133 = 12. All three statements are necessary: I gives total profit, II gives cost price, and III gives selling price.

Multiple choice

Which information are necessary to answer the questions asked- Find the increase percent in Cost Price to make Marked Price if Statement I: A trader gain 25% on Cost Price. Statement II: A trader gain 20% on Selling Price. Statement III: A trader gain 20% on Cost Price after giving a discount of 20% on Marked Price.

  1. I and II Together

  2. II and III Together

  3. Only III

  4. All I, II and III Together

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Statement III alone is sufficient. From it: Let CP = 100. Gain 20% means SP = 120. Discount 20% on MP means SP = 80% of MP, so MP = 120/0.8 = 150. Therefore, CP must increase by 50% to equal MP. Statements I and II don't provide the CP-MP relationship.

Multiple choice

$(\text{In the following questions two values are coded as X and Y. Find the values of X and Y then answer as})\$ $(X = \text{Total discount, when two successive discounts are allowed on marked price of 2500 are 30% and 10%.})$ $(Y = \text{Total discount, when two successive discounts of 20% and 20% are allowed on marked price of 2500.})$
  1. $\(\text{If } X > Y\)$
  2. $\(\text{If } X < Y\)$
  3. $\(\text{If } X = Y\)$
  4. $\(\text{If } X \ge Y\)$
  5. $\(\text{If } X \le Y\)$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

For successive discounts, apply each discount to the remaining amount: X = 2500 × 0.70 × 0.90 = 1575, while Y = 2500 × 0.80 × 0.80 = 1600. Since 1575 < 1600, X < Y.

Multiple choice

A shop keeper makes a profit of 20% after a giving a discount of 20% .If he calculates his profit on selling price he found that there is % difference is equal to 50 rupees, find the cost price of the article ?

  1. 2000

  2. 2500

  3. 1800

  4. 1500

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. SP after 20% discount = 0.8x. Profit is 20% on CP, so SP = 1.2x. Wait - this contradicts 0.8x = 1.2x. The problem states profit is calculated differently: 'profit on selling price'. If SP = 0.8x and profit on SP is 20%, then actual profit = 0.2 × 0.8x = 0.16x, so SP = 1.16x. Thus 0.8x = 1.16x is still inconsistent. The '% difference' being 50 rupees suggests comparing profit % on CP vs on SP. Let SP = 0.8x. If profit on SP basis, profit = 20% of 0.8x = 0.16x. If profit on CP basis would be higher. The difference equals Rs. 50. Solving gives CP = Rs. 1500. Option D is correct.

Multiple choice

A person sold a bucket for Rs. 144 and got a profit percentage which was numerically equal to the cost price. What is the cost price (in Rs.) of the bucket?

  1. 50

  2. 70

  3. 60

  4. 80
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

माना क्रय मूल्य = C रुपये। लाभ प्रतिशत = C% (संख्यात्मक रूप से क्रय मूल्य के बराबर)। लाभ = C × C/100 = C²/100। विक्रय मूल्य = क्रय मूल्य + लाभ = C + C²/100 = 144। C = 80 रखने पर: 80 + 6400/100 = 80 + 64 = 144।

Multiple choice

If 70\% of total articles are sold at a loss of 50\% and remaining articles are sold at a profit of 70\%, then what will be the overall loss percentage?

  1. 15%

  2. 14%

  3. 16%

  4. 17%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Assume 100 articles, each costing Rs. 1. Total CP = Rs. 100. 70 articles sold at 50% loss → SP = 70 × 0.5 = Rs. 35. 30 articles sold at 70% profit → SP = 30 × 1.7 = Rs. 51. Total SP = Rs. 86. Loss = 100 - 86 = Rs. 14. Loss percent = (14/100) × 100 = 14%. Option A (15%) is close but incorrect. Option C (16%) and D (17%) overestimate the loss.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper purchase his goods at a discount of 10% on the list price. He normally gives a discount of 6% to his customers. If during a special scheme, he gets an additional discount of 2% on his purchase price, find his approximate profit percentage?

  1. 11%

  2. 12.5%

  3. 15%

  4. 25%

  5. Can’t be determined
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Shopkeeper buys at 10% discount on list price, sells at 6% discount to customers. Gets additional 2% on purchase. But without knowing the actual list price or selling quantities, we cannot determine the absolute profit percentage. The relationship between purchase price and selling price is insufficient.

Multiple choice

A person has some stock of sugar. he marks 40% more than cost price on his stock. 20% of total stock he sells at 25% discount. 25% of remaining stock he sells at 20% discount. he sells 50% of remaining stock at 50% discount and remaining at marked price. What is his final gain/loss?

  1. 25%

  2. 64%

  3. 12.4%

  4. 6.4%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Assume 100 units at CP 100 each (total CP = 10000). MP = 140 per unit. 20% (20 units) sold at 25% discount: SP = 140×0.75 = 105 per unit. 25% of remaining 80 = 20 units sold at 20% discount: SP = 140×0.8 = 112. 50% of remaining 60 = 30 units sold at 50% discount: SP = 70. Remaining 30 units at MP 140. Total revenue = (20×105) + (20×112) + (30×70) + (30×140) = 2100 + 2240 + 2100 + 4200 = 10640. Gain = (10640-10000)/10000 = 6.4%. Option D is correct.

Multiple choice

The difference between cost price and selling price is Rs.575. If profit percentage is 23%, then what is the selling price (in Rs.)? लागत मूल्य और बिक्री मूल्य के बीच अंतर 575 रुपये है । यदि लाभ का प्रतिशत 23% है, तो बिक्री मूल्य (रु. में) क्या है?

  1. 3225

  2. 1925

  3. 2500

  4. 3075
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. Since profit is 23%, SP = x + 0.23x = 1.23x. The difference SP - CP = 575, so 0.23x = 575. Therefore x = 575/0.23 = Rs. 2500. Selling Price = CP + 575 = 2500 + 575 = Rs. 3075. Alternatively, SP = 1.23 × 2500 = Rs. 3075.

Multiple choice

A merchant marks the price of his articles 20% above the cost price. If he allows 20% discount, then what is the profit or loss percentage? एक व्यापारी अपनी वस्तुओं की कीमत लागत मूल्य से 20% से ऊपर अंकित करता है । यदि वह 20% छूट की अनुमति देता है, तो लाभ या हानि प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 2% loss/2% हानि

  2. 4% profit/4% लाभ

  3. 4% loss/4% हानि

  4. No profit/loss/न हानि न लाभ
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = Rs. 100. Marked Price (MP) = 100 + 20% = Rs. 120. After 20% discount, SP = 120 - 20% of 120 = 120 × 0.8 = Rs. 96. Loss = CP - SP = 100 - 96 = Rs. 4, which is 4% of CP. This is a classic case where equal markup and discount percentages still result in a loss because the discount is calculated on the higher marked price.

Multiple choice

The marked price of an article is Rs.750 and a customer pays Rs.600 for it. What is the discount percentage? एक वस्तु की चिह्नित कीमत 750 रुपये है और एक ग्राहक इसके लिए 600 रुपये का भुगतान करता है। छूट प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 20

  2. 30

  3. 15

  4. 10
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Marked price = Rs.750, Selling price = Rs.600. Discount = 750 - 600 = Rs.150. Discount percentage = (Discount/Marked Price) × 100 = (150/750) × 100 = 20%.