Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

The profit after selling a pair of trousers for Rs. 863 is the same as the loss incurred after selling the same pair of trousers for Rs. 631. What is the cost price of the pair of trousers?

  1. Rs. 750

  2. Rs. 800

  3. Rs. 763

  4. Rs. 747
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price be CP. Selling at Rs. 863 gives profit, so profit = 863 - CP. Selling at Rs. 631 gives loss, so loss = CP - 631. Since profit = loss, we have 863 - CP = CP - 631, which gives 2CP = 1494, so CP = Rs. 747. Verify: Profit = 863 - 747 = Rs. 116, Loss = 747 - 631 = Rs. 116. Both are equal.

Multiple choice

A man sells his type writer at 5% loss. If he sells it for Rs. 80 more, he gains 5%. The cost price of the type writer is -

  1. Rs. 1600

  2. Rs. 1200

  3. Rs. 1000

  4. Rs. 800
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

At 5% loss, selling price is 0.95 × CP. At 5% gain, selling price is 1.05 × CP. The difference between these two selling prices is Rs. 80, which equals 0.10 × CP. Solving gives CP = Rs. 800. This is a standard profit-loss problem where the price gap corresponds to the percentage difference.

Multiple choice

An almirah is sold at a profit of 16%. If it was sold for Rs. 100 more then the seller's profit would have been 20%. What is the cost price of the almirah?

  1. Rs. 1500

  2. Rs. 2500

  3. Rs. 1800

  4. Rs. 2000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. At 16% profit, SP = 1.16x. At 20% profit, SP = 1.20x. The difference is 1.20x - 1.16x = 0.04x = Rs. 100. Solving gives x = 100 / 0.04 = Rs. 2500. The extra Rs. 100 represents the additional 4% profit margin.

Multiple choice

A dishonest shopkeeper marks his good 20% above the cost price and announces a discount of 10%. If he uses a false weight of 800 gm instead of 1 kg weight. Find his net profit percent. एक बेईमान दुकानदार अंकित मूल्य को लागत मूल्य से 20% अधिक अंकित करता है और वह 10% की छूट देता है। यदि वह 1 किलोग्राम वजन के बजाय 800 ग्राम का गलत वजन का उपयोग करता है। उसका कुल लाभ प्रतिशत ज्ञात कीजिये |

  1. 33%

  2. 31%

  3. 33.1%

  4. 35%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 1000 for 1 kg. MP = 1200 (20% above CP). SP after discount = 1080 (90% of 1200). But he gives only 800 gm, so effective CP for 800 gm = 800. Profit = 1080 - 800 = 280. Profit % = 280/800 × 100 = 35%. The false weight creates additional profit on top of the markup-discount scheme.

Multiple choice

A dishonest trader marks up his goods by 80% and gives a discount of 25%. Besides, he gets 20% more amount per kg from a wholesaler and sells 10% less per kg to customers. What is the overall profit percentage?

  1. 80%

  2. 75%

  3. 60%

  4. 50%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Assume CP = Rs. 100/kg. Effective CP = 100/1.2 = 83.33/kg (gets 20% extra). MP = 180. SP after discount = 180 * 0.75 = 135. Effective selling quantity = 0.9kg, so effective SP = 135/0.9 = 150/kg. Profit = 150 - 83.33 = 66.67. Profit% = 66.67/83.33 * 100 = 80%.

Multiple choice

The market price of an article is 40% more than the cost price. There is a profit of x% after giving the discount of 20%. What will be profit percentage when the discount of 2x% is given on the same article and at the same market price?

  1. 6.4%

  2. 4.25%

  3. 8.5%

  4. 4.75%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100, so MP = 140 (40% more). After 20% discount: SP = 140 - 20% of 140 = 140 - 28 = 112. Profit = 112 - 100 = 12, so profit percentage x = 12%. If discount is 2x = 24%: new SP = 140 - 24% of 140 = 140 - 33.6 = 106.4. New profit = 106.4 - 100 = 6.4. Therefore, profit percentage = 6.4%.

Multiple choice

Rahul marks his bike 37.5% above the cost price and allows the purchaser a discount of 16.66% for cash buying. What is the ratio between the selling price and cost price? राहुल अपनी मोटरसाइकिल का दाम उसकी लागत मूल्य से 37.5% बढ़ाकर रखता है एवं क्रेता को नकद खरीद पर 16.66% की छूट देता है। बाइक के विक्रय मूल्य एंव क्रय मूल्य के बीच का अनुपात ज्ञात कीजिए?

  1. 55 : 48

  2. 48 : 55

  3. 6 : 5

  4. 5 : 6
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. Markup of 37.5% means price = 100 + 37.5 = 137.5. Discount of 16.66% (which is 1/6) on 137.5 gives: 137.5 × (1 - 1/6) = 137.5 × (5/6) = 687.5/6 = 114.5833... This is SP/CP = 114.5833/100 = 1145833/1000000, which doesn't simplify to 55:48. Let me try with fraction: 37.5% = 3/8, so marked price = 100 + (3/8)×100 = 100 + 37.5 = 137.5. Discount of 16.66% = 1/6, so SP = 137.5 × (1 - 1/6) = 137.5 × 5/6 = 687.5/6 ≈ 114.58. Ratio SP:CP = 114.58:100 ≈ 1.146:1. Option A (55:48) = 1.146:1. Yes! 55/48 = 1.1458..., which matches.

Multiple choice

The cost price of an article is Rs.42000. The shopkeeper offers a discount of 20% on it and loses at a rate half of the rate of discount rate. The marked price of the article is एक वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य 42000 रुपये है। दुकानदार इस वस्तु पर 20% की छूट देता है और छूट दर की दर के आधा दर से हानि प्राप्त करता है । वस्तु का अंकित मूल्य है

  1. Rs.42000

  2. Rs.47250

  3. Rs.37800

  4. Rs.40500
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let MP be x. After 20% discount, SP = 0.8x. Loss rate = half of discount rate = 10%. So SP = 0.9 × CP = 0.9 × 42000 = Rs. 37800. Therefore 0.8x = 37800, giving x = Rs. 47250. Option A (42000) equals CP, Option C (37800) is the SP after discount, and Option D (40500) doesn't satisfy the conditions.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper earns a profit of 12% on selling a watch at 10% discount on the printed price. The ratio of the cost price and the printed price of the watch is: एक दुकानदार एक घड़ी को अंकित मूल्य पर 10% की छूट देने पर बेचने के बाद 12% का लाभ प्राप्त करता है | घड़ी के क्रय मूल्य और अंकित मूल्य में अनुपात है :

  1. 45 : 56

  2. 45 : 51

  3. 47 : 56

  4. 47 : 51
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 45x, MP = 56x (checking option A). SP = MP × 0.9 = 56x × 0.9 = 50.4x. Profit = 50.4x - 45x = 5.4x. Profit % = 5.4x/45x × 100 = 12%. The ratio 45:56 satisfies the condition of 12% profit after 10% discount on marked price.

Multiple choice

A manufacturer sells an item to a wholesale dealer at a profit of 18%. The wholesaler sells the same to a retailer at a profit of 20%. The retailer in turn sells it to a customer for Rs. 15045 there by earning a profit of 25%. The cost price of the manufacturer is- एक विनिर्माता किसी वस्तु को 18% लाभ पर एक थोक विक्रेता को बेचता है। थोक विक्रेता उसी वस्तु को 20% लाभ पर एक फुटकर विक्रेता को बेचता है। वह फुटकर विक्रेता उसे एक ग्राहक को 15045 रू. में बेचता है जिससे उसे 25% का लाभ होता है। विनिर्माता का लागत मूल्य कितना है?

  1. Rs.8000

  2. Rs.8500

  3. Rs.9000

  4. Rs.10000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Work backwards from customer price. Retailer sells at Rs. 15045 with 25% profit, so retailer's cost = 15045/1.25 = Rs. 12036. Wholesaler sells at 20% profit, so wholesaler's cost = 12036/1.20 = Rs. 10030. Manufacturer sells at 18% profit, so manufacturer's cost = 10030/1.18 = Rs. 8500. Verify: 8500 × 1.18 = 10030; 10030 × 1.20 = 12036; 12036 × 1.25 = 15045.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper buys two cameras at the same price. He sells one camera at a profit of 18% and the other at a price 10% less than the selling price of the first. His total profit or loss percent is एक दुकानदार दो कैमरे समान कीमत पर खरीदता है। वह एक कैमरा 18% के लाभ पर बेच देता है और दूसरे कैमरे को पहले कैमरे के विक्रय-मूल्य से 10% कम कीमत पर बेचता है। कुल लाभ अथवा हानि की प्रतिशतता है-

  1. 12.1% profit/लाभ

  2. 12.1% loss/हानि

  3. 12.2% profit/लाभ

  4. 11.1% loss/हानि
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let each camera cost Rs. 1000. First camera sells at 18% profit: SP1 = 1000 × 1.18 = 1180. Second camera sells at 10% less: SP2 = 1180 × 0.90 = 1062. Total cost = 2000, total revenue = 1180 + 1062 = 2242, profit = Rs. 242. Profit percent = (242/2000) × 100 = 12.1%. Check: actual cost cancels out in ratio calculation.

Multiple choice

The difference between successive discounts of 44% followed by 25% and 45% followed by 20% on the marked price of an article is Rs.12. Find the marked price of the article ? किसी वस्तु के अंकित मूल्य पर दो क्रमागत बट्टों 44% एवं 25% तथा 45% एवं 20% का अंतर रु. 12 है | अंकित मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये ?

  1. 600

  2. 360

  3. 330

  4. 336
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Case 1: 44% then 25% gives net discount of 1 - 0.56 × 0.75 = 1 - 0.42 = 0.58 or 58%. Case 2: 45% then 20% gives 1 - 0.55 × 0.80 = 1 - 0.44 = 0.56 or 56%. Difference = 2% of marked price = Rs.12, so MP = 12/0.02 = Rs.600.

Multiple choice

$A shopkeeper allowed ___% discount on an item on the marked price and he suffered a loss of ___%. If he allows only 10% discount, then the profit percentage would be 8%.$ Which of the following options satisfy the given condition?

  1. 30, 10

  2. 25, 15

  3. 35, 22

  4. 25, 10

  5. Both 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let M=marked price, C=cost. With 25% discount, selling price is 0.75M, which equals 0.90C (10% loss). So C=0.75M/0.90 = 5M/6. With 10% discount, selling price is 0.90M = 0.90 × (6C/5) = 1.08C, giving 8% profit. Option D satisfies this.