Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

The marked price of A is Rs 900 more than its cost price. When a discount of Rs 450 is allowed a profit of 25% is earned. At what price should A be sold to earn a 37.5% profit?

  1. Rs. 2375

  2. Rs. 2275

  3. Rs. 2575

  4. Rs. 2475

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = x. SP at discount = x + 900 − 450 = x + 450. At 25% profit: x + 450 = 1.25x, so 0.25x = 450, x = 1800. MP = 1800 + 900 = 2700. For 37.5% profit: SP = 1800 × 1.375 = 2475. Option D matches.

Multiple choice

A person bought a horse and a carriage for Rs. 20000. Later, he sold the horse at 20% profit and the carriage at 10% loss. Thus, he gained 2% in the whole transaction. What was the cost price of the horse? एक आदमी ने एक घोड़ा और गाड़ी 20000 रू. में खरीदा। बाद में वह घोड़े को 20% लाभ पर बेचा और गाड़ी को 10% हानि पर बेचा तो उसे पूरे सौदे में 2% का लाभ हुआ, तो घोड़े का क्रय मूल्य क्या था?

  1. Rs. 7200

  2. Rs. 7500

  3. Rs. 8000

  4. Rs. 9000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let horse price = H, carriage price = C. H + C = 20000. Horse sold at 20% profit: SP = 1.2H. Carriage at 10% loss: SP = 0.9C. Total gain = 2%, so 1.02×20000 = 20400 = 1.2H + 0.9C. Substituting C = 20000 - H: 20400 = 1.2H + 0.9(20000 - H) = 1.2H + 18000 - 0.9H = 0.3H + 18000. So 0.3H = 2400, H = 8000. Verification: Horse = 8000, Carriage = 12000. SP = 9600 + 10800 = 20400, which is 2% of 20000. Options A, B, D don't satisfy the profit equation.

Multiple choice

The difference between the selling prices of an article at a profit of 15% and at a profit of 10% is Rs.10. The cost price of the article is - किसी वस्तु को 15% तथा 10% के लाभों से बेचने पर प्राप्त विक्रय मूल्य का अन्तर 10 रू.है। वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य है-

  1. Rs.100

  2. Rs. 120

  3. Rs.150

  4. Rs.200
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost price be x. Selling price at 15% profit = 1.15x, and at 10% profit = 1.10x. The difference 1.15x - 1.10x = 0.05x equals Rs.10. Solving gives x = 10/0.05 = Rs.200. Option D is correct.

Multiple choice

Each question below contains Quantity I and Quantity II. Find both to find the relationship among them. Mark your answer accordingly. $Quantity I: Cost Price of an article if it is sold making a loss of 10% given that if the cost price was 20% less, a profit of Rs 12 could be made. Quantity II: Labeled Price of an article if a discount of 30% is given on it and sold at a loss of 20% if CP is Rs 105$

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  3. Quantity II > Quantity I

  4. Quantity II ≥ Quantity I

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or Relation cannot be established
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: Let CP = x. Selling at 10% loss means SP = 0.9x. If CP was 20% less (0.8x), profit would be Rs 12, so SP = 0.8x + 12. Equating: 0.9x = 0.8x + 12, so x = 120. Quantity II: CP = 105, sold at 20% loss means SP = 84. This is 70% of labeled price (after 30% discount), so LP = 84/0.7 = 120. Both quantities equal Rs 120, so they are equal.

Multiple choice

Find the value of quantities and state the correct relationship.\ \textbf{Quantity I:} Profit Percentage, if some articles were bought at 6 articles for Rs. 5 and sold at 5 articles for Rs. 6.\ \textbf{Quantity II:} Profit Percentage, if 100 toys are bought at the rate of Rs. 350 and sold at the rate of Rs. 60 per dozen.

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I < Quantity II

  3. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  4. Quantity I ≤ Quantity II

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or no relation can be established
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: CP per article = 5/6 Rs, SP per article = 6/5 Rs. Profit = 11/30 Rs. Profit% = (11/30)/(5/6) × 100 = 44%. Quantity II: CP per toy = 350/100 = 3.5 Rs, SP per toy = 60/12 = 5 Rs. Profit% = (1.5/3.5) × 100 = 42.86%. Therefore Quantity I (44%) > Quantity II (42.86%).

Multiple choice

The cost price of 27 articles is the same as the selling price of x articles. If the profit is 12.5%, then find the value of x. 27 वस्तुओं का क्रय मूल्य x वस्तुओं के विक्रय मूल्य के समान है। यदि लाभ प्रतिशत 12.5% है, तो x का मान ज्ञात कीजिये।

  1. 20

  2. 30

  3. 28

  4. 24
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

If CP of 27 articles = SP of x articles, then SP/CP = 27/x. Profit% = (SP/CP - 1) × 100 = 12.5%. So (27/x - 1) = 0.125, which gives 27/x = 1.125, therefore x = 27/1.125 = 24. The profit comes from selling fewer articles than you bought at the same total amount.

Multiple choice

Naimish bought two articles – P and Q at a total cost of Rs.60800. He sold article – P at 20% profit and article – Q at 12% loss. In the whole deal he made no gain and no loss. At what price should Naimish have sold article Q to make an overall profit of 25%.

  1. 52000

  2. 58000

  3. 48640

  4. 62500

  5. 42600
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of P = x, then CP of Q = 60800 - x. No gain no loss: 1.2x + 0.88(60800-x) = 60800. Solving gives x = 22800, so CP of Q = 38000. For 25% profit on total: Target SP = 60800 × 1.25 = 76000. SP of P (unchanged) = 27360. Required SP of Q = 76000 - 27360 = 48640.

Multiple choice

4% of selling price of an article is equal to 5% of its cost price. Again 20% of the selling price is Rs.120 more than 21.25% of its cost price. The value of marked price when it is marked at 17% more than that of its cost price. किसी वस्तु के विक्रय मूल्य का 4% उसके क्रय मूल्य के 5% के बराबर है । पुनः विक्रय मूल्य का 20% उसके क्रय मूल्य के 21.25% से 120 रु. अधिक है । अंकित मूल्य का मान है जब इसे इसके लागत मूल्य से 17% अधिक पर अंकित किया जाता है ।

  1. Rs.3200

  2. Rs.3544

  3. Rs.3644

  4. Rs.3744
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

From 4% SP = 5% CP, get SP = 1.25 CP. Using 20% SP = 21.25% CP + 120 gives CP = 3200. Marked price at 17% above CP = 1.17 × 3200 = 3744.

Multiple choice

A man buys two chandelier for Rs.1800. By selling lower priced at 4/5 of its cost price and the other at 5/4 of its cost price he makes a profit of Rs.360 on the whole transaction. Find the cost of the lower priced chandelier. एक आदमी ने 1800 रुपये में दो झूमर खरीदे । कम मूल्य वाले को इसकी लागत कीमत के 4/5 पर बेचकर और दूसरी को लागत कीमत के 5/4 पर बेचकर वह पूरे लेनदेन पर 360 रुपये का लाभ कमाता है। कम मूल्य वाले झूमर की कीमत ज्ञात कीजिये ।

  1. Rs.160

  2. Rs.200

  3. Rs.220

  4. Rs.230
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let the lower priced chandelier cost x and higher priced cost y. Then x + y = 1800. Selling lower at 4/5 gives revenue 0.8x (20% loss), selling higher at 5/4 gives revenue 1.25y (25% profit). Total revenue = 0.8x + 1.25y = 1800 + 360 = 2160. Substituting y = 1800 - x: 0.8x + 1.25(1800 - x) = 2160. Solving: 0.8x + 2250 - 1.25x = 2160, so -0.45x = -90, giving x = 200.

Multiple choice

The marked price of an article is Rs.2475. The shopkeeper allows a discount of 12.5% and gains 12.5%. If no discount is allowed, what would his gain percentage be? एक वस्तु का चिह्नित मूल्य 2475 रुपये है । दुकानदार 12.5% की छूट देता है और 12.5% का लाभ प्राप्त करता है । यदि कोई छूट न दी जाय, तो उसका लाभ प्रतिशत क्या होगा?

  1. 28 4 7 %

  2. 26 3 4 %

  3. 27 1 3 %

  4. 24 4 7 %
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Marked price = Rs. 2475. After 12.5% discount, selling price = 2475 × (1 - 0.125) = 2475 × 0.875 = Rs. 2165.625. Shopkeeper gains 12.5%, so cost price = 2165.625 / 1.125 = Rs. 1925. If no discount, selling price = Rs. 2475. Gain = 2475 - 1925 = Rs. 550. Gain percentage = 550/1925 × 100 = 28.57% = 28 4/7%. The claimed answer is correct.

Multiple choice

Rudresh sold an article at 10 percent loss on the cost price. He had bought it at a discount of 20 percent on the labelled price. What would have been the percentage loss had he bought it at the labelled price? रुद्रेश ने क्रय मूल्य पर 10 प्रतिशत की हानि पर एक वस्तु बेची । यदि उसने इसे अंकित मूल्य की कीमत के 20 प्रतिशत की छूट पर खरीदा है । उसे प्रतिशत हानि क्या होनी चाहिए यदि उसने इसे अंकित मूल्य पर खरीदा है ?

  1. 34

  2. 18

  3. 28

  4. 16
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let labelled price = 100. Bought at 20% discount = 80. Sold at 10% loss on cost = 80 × 0.9 = 72. Loss = 80 - 72 = 8 on labelled price 100, which is 8%. If bought at labelled price (100) and sold at 72, loss = 100 - 72 = 28, which is 28% of labelled price. This is the percentage loss when bought at labelled price.

Multiple choice

Read the following information carefully and decide which information is/are necessary to answer the question. Find the difference between profit and discount on table I. Shopkeeper purchased table for Rs. 400 and spend 25% of cost price on its transportation. II. He marked its price Rs. 800 and gave a discount of 12.5%. III. Profit percent of shopkeeper was 40% and discount percent was 12.5%.

  1. I and (II or III) are sufficient

  2. Only II is sufficient

  3. Only II and III are sufficient

  4. Only III is sufficient

  5. All three together are not sufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

To find the difference between profit and discount, we need the profit amount and discount amount. From statement I, we know cost price is Rs. 400 and transportation is 25% of CP = Rs. 100, so total CP = Rs. 500. To find profit, we need profit percent (III gives 40%) or selling price. To find discount, we need marked price (II gives Rs. 800) and discount percent (II or III gives 12.5%). Therefore, I is essential along with either II or III to calculate both profit and discount amounts.

Multiple choice

The cost price of article B is 20% more than that of article A. Articles A and B were marked up by 50% and 25% respectively. Article A was sold at a discount of 4% and article B was sold at a discount of 0.5%. If the selling price of article B was Rs.28.35 more than the selling price of article A, what was the cost price of aritcle A?

  1. Rs.600

  2. Rs.400

  3. Rs.500

  4. Rs.540

  5. Rs.480
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of A = x. CP of B = 1.2x. MP of A = 1.5x. SP of A = 1.5x×0.96 = 1.44x. MP of B = 1.2x×1.25 = 1.5x. SP of B = 1.5x×0.995 = 1.4925x. Difference = 1.4925x - 1.44x = 0.0525x = 28.35. So x = 28.35/0.0525 = 540. CP of A = Rs.540.

Multiple choice

The ratio of the cost price to the selling price of an article is 10 : 12. If 25% discount is offered on the marked price of the article then the marked price is what percent more than the cost price? किसी वस्तु के लिए लागत मूल्य और बिक्री मूल्य का अनुपात 10 : 12 है। यदि लेख के अंकित मूल्य पर 25% छूट की पेशकश की जाती है तो अंकित मूल्य लागत मूल्य से कितने प्रतिशत अधिक है?

  1. 42%

  2. 60%

  3. 30%

  4. 25%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

CP:SP = 10:12 means SP = 1.2*CP. Let MP be marked price. 25% discount on MP gives SP = 0.75*MP. So 0.75*MP = 1.2*CP, hence MP = 1.6*CP. MP is 60% more than CP. The key relationship is SP = 0.75*MP = 1.2*CP.

Multiple choice

A style of curtains emporium the trader measures 30% less for every metre of cloth also he marks up goods by 30%. What is the approximate profit percentage? कपड़ा एम्पोरियम की एक शैली कपड़ा के हर मीटर के लिए 30% कम माप करती है, तथा वह वस्तुओं का मूल्य 30% बढाकर भी अंकित करता है। अनुमानित लाभ प्रतिशत क्या है?

  1. 70%

  2. 50%

  3. 66%

  4. 86%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Trader gives 30% less cloth but charges for full meter. For every meter, customer gets 0.7m but pays 1m price. CP is for 0.7m of cloth. Markup 30% means SP = 1.3 * CP_1m where CP_1m is cost of 1m. But actual CP is for 0.7m. Effective CP = 0.7 * CP_1m, SP = 1.3 * CP_1m. Profit = (1.3 - 0.7)/0.7 = 0.6/0.7 ≈ 85.7% ≈ 86%. The trick is that cost price is for cloth actually given, not charged.