Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

Cost price of two articles is the same. A tradesman got a profit of 40% on the first article. The selling price of the second article is 25% less than the first article. Then find the overall profit percent.

  1. 22.5%

  2. 42.5%

  3. 33.33%

  4. 16.67%

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of each article be 100. SP of first with 40% profit = 140. SP of second = 140 - 25% of 140 = 105. Total SP = 245, Total CP = 200. Profit = 45, so overall profit% = 45/200 × 100 = 22.5%.

Multiple choice

The marked price of an article is Rs. 1200. What is the cost price of the article? I. 20% discount is given on the marked price. II. The difference between the selling price and cost price of the article is Rs. 160. III. The profit is 20% on the cost price.

  1. Any two

  2. I and III

  3. II and III

  4. I and II or III

  5. All three together are sufficient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

MP = 1200. Statement I: 20% discount, so SP = 0.8 × 1200 = 960. Statement II: SP - CP = 160. Statement III: 20% profit on CP, so SP = 1.2 × CP. Using I and II: CP = SP - 160 = 960 - 160 = 800. Using I and III: SP = 960 = 1.2 × CP, so CP = 960/1.2 = 800. Using II and III: SP - CP = 160 and SP = 1.2 × CP gives 0.2 × CP = 160, so CP = 800. Any pair works.

Multiple choice

A dishonest shopkeeper says that he sells sugar at the cost price, but he uses weight of 1600 grams instead of 2 kg. weight. What will be his gain percentage? एक बेईमान दुकानदार कहता हैं, कि वह चीनी को क्रयमूल्य पर बेचता है, लेकिन वह 2 किलोग्राम के स्थान पर 1600 ग्राम भार का उपयोग करता है। उसका लाभ प्रतिशत क्या होगा?

  1. 20%

  2. 25%

  3. 15.5%

  4. 16.66%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The shopkeeper gives only 1600g but charges for 2000g. Gain = (2000-1600)/1600 × 100 = 400/1600 × 100 = 25%. The profit is calculated on the actual cost (what he gives), not the claimed weight.

Multiple choice

The profit earned after selling an article for Rs. 1532 is the same as the loss incurred after selling the article for Rs. 1216. What is the cost price of the article? किसी वस्तु को 1532 रुपये में बेचने से हुआ लाभ 1216 रुपये में बेचने से हुई हानि के बराबर है । वस्तु का क्रय मूल्य क्या है ?

  1. Rs. 1474

  2. Rs. 1546

  3. Rs. 1374

  4. Rs. 1274
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP be x. Profit at 1532: (1532 - x). Loss at 1216: (x - 1216). Given they're equal: 1532 - x = x - 1216. Solving: 2x = 1532 + 1216 = 2748, so x = 1374. 1374 is exactly midway between 1216 and 1532. Options A and B are too high, D is too low.

Multiple choice

If a discount of 20% is given on the marked price of an article, the seller gains 15%. If the discount increased to 25% from 20% then what will be the gain percentage? एक वस्तु को 20% की छूट पर बेचने पर विक्रेता को 15% का लाभ होता है। यदि छूट प्रतिशत को 20% से 25% कर दिया जाय तो लाभ प्रतिशत कितना हो जायेगा?

  1. 8.8125%

  2. 7.8125%

  3. 16.22%

  4. 19.8125%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let Marked Price = 100. After 20% discount, SP = 80. Gain is 15%, so CP = 80/1.15 ≈ 69.565. At 25% discount, new SP = 100 - 25 = 75. New gain = (75 - 69.565)/69.565 × 100 ≈ 7.8125%. Option A (8.8125%) and D (19.8125%) are incorrect, Option C (16.22%) doesn't account for the cost price correctly.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper gets a profit of 30% by selling an article. If the shopkeeper buys the article at 10% less than its price and sells it at 10% less than its selling price, the difference in the profit he makes is Rs. 300. Find the cost price of the article?

  1. Rs.10000

  2. Rs.20000

  3. Rs.5000

  4. Rs.7500

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP=100. Initial SP=130. New CP=90, new SP=117. New profit=27. Difference=130-117=13 (30-27). Actual CP=3000÷13≈230.77. Checking: original profit=69.23, new profit=62.31, difference≈6.92. This is inconsistent. Recalculating with CP=10000: profit changes from 3000 to 2700, difference=300. CP=Rs.10000.

Multiple choice

Rohan purchased 40 dozen oranges at Rs 60 per dozen. He sold 18 dozen at 25% profit and the remaining at 50% profit .What is his overall profit percentage? रोहन ने 40 दर्जन नारंगी को 60 रुपये प्रति दर्जन की दर से खरीदा ।उसने18 दर्जन को 25% लाभ और शेष को 50% लाभ पर बेचा। उसका कुल लाभ प्रतिशत कितना है?

  1. 38.75%

  2. 42.65%

  3. 35.56%

  4. 42.75%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price = 40 dozen × Rs 60/dozen = Rs 2400. Revenue from 18 dozen at 25% profit = 18 × 60 × 1.25 = Rs 1350. Revenue from remaining 22 dozen at 50% profit = 22 × 60 × 1.50 = Rs 1980. Total revenue = Rs 3330. Profit = Rs 3330 - Rs 2400 = Rs 930. Profit percentage = (930/2400) × 100 = 38.75%. Option A is correct.

Multiple choice

In which ratio water mixed in a milk so that selling it at cost price shopkeeper gain 33% profit? पानी को किस अनुपात में दूध के साथ मिलाये कि मिश्रण को क्रयमूल्य पर बेचने पर 33% का लाभ प्राप्त हो?

  1. 1 : 3

  2. 1 : 4

  3. 33 : 100

  4. 1 : 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let milk be 100 units. For 33% profit, water must be 33 units (33/100 of milk). The mixture is 133 units sold at milk's cost price. Water units per milk units = 33:100. Option A (1:3) would give 1:4 total ratio = 25% water. Option C correctly expresses water:milk as 33:100.

Multiple choice

What price should a shopkeeper mark on an article by selling the article on Rs. 1200 he get 50% profit allowing discount of 20%? एक दुकानदार को 20 प्रतिशत छूट के बाद एक वस्तु को 1200 रू. में बचेने पर 50 प्रतिशत का लाभ होता है। तो अंकित मूल्य कितना होगा?

  1. 2000

  2. 2400

  3. 1500

  4. 1800
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Selling price after 20% discount is Rs. 1200. This gives 50% profit on cost price. So 1200 = 1.5 × CP, giving CP = 1200/1.5 = Rs. 800. Marked price before 20% discount satisfies: 0.8 × MP = 1200. Therefore MP = 1200/0.8 = Rs. 1500. Verification: Cost = Rs. 800, Marked Price = Rs. 1500, Selling Price = 1500×0.8 = Rs. 1200, Profit = 1200-800 = Rs. 400 = 50% of 800.

Multiple choice

A watch is sold at a profit of 20%. If both the cost price and selling price of the watch decreased by Rs. 200, the profit would be 10% more. What is the original cost price of the watch?

  1. Rs. 500

  2. Rs. 550

  3. Rs. 600

  4. Rs. 650

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Original: CP = x, SP = 1.2x. After reduction: CP = x - 200, SP = 1.2x - 200. New profit = 30% (20% + 10% more). So 1.2x - 200 = 1.3(x - 200) = 1.3x - 260. Solving: 1.2x - 200 = 1.3x - 260, so 60 = 0.1x and x = 600. Option C is correct.

Multiple choice

How much percent above the cost price should a shopkeeper mark his goods so that after allowing a discount of 20% on the marked price, he gains 40%? एक दुकानदार एक वस्तु के अंकित मूल्य मे कितने प्रतिशत की वृद्धि कर दे कि 20% की छूट देने पर भी उसे 40% का लाभ प्राप्त हो ?

  1. 60 %

  2. 55 %

  3. 75 %

  4. 65 %
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP = 100. To gain 40% after discount, SP must be 140. With 20% discount on MP, SP = 0.8 × MP. So 0.8 × MP = 140, MP = 175. Mark-up = 175 - 100 = 75%. Therefore, 75% mark-up is needed to achieve 40% profit after 20% discount.

Multiple choice

The ratio selling price of three article is 27:26:42. If the profit percent of first and second article is 20% and 30% respectively. The loss percent on third article is 20%. find the ratio of cost price of given article. तीन वस्तुओं के विक्रय मूल्य का अनुपात 27 : 26 : 42 है। यदि पहली तथा दूसरी वस्तु पर हुआ प्रतिशत क्रमशः 20% और 30% है तथा तीसरी वस्तु पर हुआ हानि प्रतिशत 20% है, तो वस्तुओं के क्रय मूल्य का अनुपात ज्ञात कीजिए।

  1. 27:24:53

  2. 9:8:21

  3. 9:8:20

  4. 3:8:27
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Let the cost prices be C1, C2, C3. Selling prices are in ratio 27:26:42. Using the profit/loss formulas: C1 = 27/1.2, C2 = 26/1.3, C3 = 42/0.8. This gives C1:C2:C3 = (27/1.2):(26/1.3):(42/0.8) = 22.5:20:52.5 = 9:8:21 (dividing by 2.5). Option B is correct; option C has 20 instead of 21, which is a common calculation error.

Multiple choice

Two article A and B are sold at a profit of 20% and 25% respectively if the amount of profit received is the same, then the cost price of A and B may be; दो वस्तुओं A और B को क्रमशः 20% और 25% लाभ पर बेचा गया। यदि दोनों वस्तुओं पर हुआ लाभ बराबर है। तो दोनों वस्तुओं का क्रय मूल्य हो सकता है-

  1. 750, 450

  2. 680, 380

  3. 400, 320

  4. 500, 480
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of A = a, CP of B = b. Profit on A = 0.2a, profit on B = 0.25b. Given profits are equal: 0.2a = 0.25b, so a/b = 0.25/0.2 = 5/4. Therefore a:b = 5:4. Checking options: (400, 320) gives 400/320 = 5/4, satisfying the condition. This is option C.