Quantitative Aptitude

Profit, Loss and Discount

2,604 Questions
All Basic CP/SP Percentage Relationship 874 Marked Price, Markup, and Discount 786 Partial Sales and Multiple Transactions 338 Successive Discounts 218 Cost Price of X = Selling Price of Y 180 Faulty Weight or Measure 126 Equal Profit and Loss Rates 57 Free-item Offers 23 Price and Consumption Variation 1

Profit, Loss and Discount Questions

Multiple choice

The marked price of an article is 40% higher than its cost price. Then the rate of discount, so that he gains 12% profit, is

  1. 20%

  2. 15%

  3. 21%

  4. 18%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let cost price = 100. Then marked price = 140 (40% higher). For 12% profit, selling price must be 112. Required discount = 140 - 112 = 28. Discount percentage = (28/140) × 100 = 20%. A 20% discount on the marked price yields a selling price that gives the desired 12% profit on cost.

Multiple choice

The price of bicycle is marked by a trader at Rs. 2000. He sold the bicycle allowing successive discount of 20%,10% and 5%. Thus he gained 14% then the cost price of the bicycle is?

  1. 1200

  2. 1250

  3. 1500

  4. 1350
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Marked price = 2000. Successive discounts: 20% → price=2000×0.8=1600. 10% → 1600×0.9=1440. 5% → 1440×0.95=1368 (selling price). Profit is 14%, so 1368 = 1.14×CP → CP = 1368/1.14 = 1200. Option A is correct. At CP=1200, a 14% profit gives exactly 1368.

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper marks his goods 20% above the cost price. A man purchased that goods at a discount of 25% on marked price but also paid 15% GST on discounted price. If the man sold it for Rs 6000 therefore the man earned a profit of 25% on original cost price. Find at what price the man purchased that goods from the shopkeeper.

  1. 4878

  2. 5000

  3. 4968

  4. 4768

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is a complete and solvable profit/loss question. Working backwards: The man sold for Rs 6000 at 25% profit on original cost, so original cost = 6000/1.25 = Rs 4800. Shopkeeper marked 20% above cost: 4800 × 1.20 = Rs 5760. Man got 25% discount on marked price: 5760 × 0.75 = Rs 4320. Then paid 15% GST: 4320 × 1.15 = Rs 4968. Option C (4968) is correct. The question properly tests understanding of marked price, discount, GST, and profit calculations.

Multiple choice

If the cost price of article A is 250 more than the cost price of article B. Article A is sold at a profit of 20% and article B is sold at a loss of 20%. If the overall profit after selling both the items is 4%, what is the cost price of both the articles?
  1. $A=750, B=500$
  2. $A=775, B=525$
  3. $A=475, B=725$
  4. $A=725, B=475$
  5. $None of these$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Let CP of B = x. Then CP of A = x + 250. SP of A at 20% profit = 1.2(x + 250) = 1.2x + 300. SP of B at 20% loss = 0.8x. Total CP = 2x + 250. Total SP = 2x + 300. Overall profit = 4%, so (2x + 300) = 1.04(2x + 250). Solving: 2x + 300 = 2.08x + 260, so 40 = 0.08x, giving x = 500. Therefore CP of A = Rs 750 and CP of B = Rs 500.

Multiple choice

A Man bought two boxes for Rs.1300. He sold one box at a profit of 20% and the other at a loss of 12%. If the selling price of both boxes is the same, then the cost price of each box is:

  1. Rs.400, Rs.900

  2. Rs.450, Rs.850

  3. Rs.600, Rs.700

  4. Rs.550, Rs.750

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

माना पहले बॉक्स का मूल्य x, दूसरे का (1300 - x)। बिक्री मूल्य समान है, तो 1.2x = 0.88(1300 - x)। हल करने पर: 1.2x = 1144 - 0.88x, 2.08x = 1144, x = 550। दूसरा बॉक्स = 1300 - 550 = 750। विकल्प D सही है। विकल्प A, B, C गलत क्योंकि 550 और 750 का योग 1300 होना चाहिए और 20% लाभ/12% हानि स्थिति को संतुष्ट करना चाहिए।

Multiple choice

A shopkeeper bought 25 kg. of pulses at the rate of Rs. 54 kg. He sold forty percent of the total quantity at the rate of Rs. 50 per kg. at what price per kg approximately should he sell the remaining quantity to make 25% overall profit?

  1. 98

  2. 67

  3. 79

  4. 81
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cost price = 25 kg × Rs. 54/kg = Rs. 1350. Target selling price for 25% profit = 1350 × 1.25 = Rs. 1687.50. First 40% (10 kg) sold at Rs. 50/kg = Rs. 500. Remaining 15 kg needs to be sold at (1687.50 - 500)/15 = Rs. 79 per kg. The key is to first calculate the total revenue needed for 25% profit, then subtract what's already earned from partial sales.

Multiple choice

Some fruits are bought at a rate of 11 for Rs 100 and equal number at a rate of 9 for Rs 100. All the fruits are sold at a rate of 10 for Rs 100, then what is the gain or loss percent in the entire transaction?

  1. 5% loss

  2. 5% gain

  3. 1% gain

  4. 1% loss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

For equal quantities n bought at 11/100 and 9/100, average cost = 2n/((n×11/100)+(n×9/100)) = 200n/20n = 10 per 100. Sold at 10/100 means CP = SP. But careful: CP per fruit = (100/11 + 100/9)/2 = 100×20/198 = 1000/99 ≈ 10.10. SP = 10. Loss = 0.10/10.10 × 100 ≈ 1%. The transaction results in approximately 1% loss.

Multiple choice

The cost of setting up a magazine is Rs 2800. The cost of paper and ink is Rs 80 per 100 copies and printing cost is Rs 160 per 100 copies. In the last month 2000 copies were printed but only 1500 copies could be sold at Rs 5 each. Total 25% profit on the sale price was realized. There is one more resource of income from the magazine which is advertising. What sum of money was obtained from the advertising in magazine?

  1. 1654

  2. 1522

  3. 1750

  4. 1975

  5. 1800
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Setup cost = 2800. Paper/ink cost = (2000/100)×80 = 1600. Printing cost = (2000/100)×160 = 3200. Total cost = 2800 + 1600 + 3200 = 7600. Revenue from 1500 copies at Rs 5 each = 7500. Total profit = 25% of 7500 = 1875. So 7500 + advertising - 7600 = 1875. Advertising = 1875 + 7600 - 7500 = 1975.

Multiple choice

A dishonest vendor professes to sell fruits at the cost price but uses a weight of 800 grams in lieu of 1 kg weight. Find the percentage gain.

  1. 20%

  2. 24%

  3. 25%

  4. 30%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The vendor sells 800g but charges for 1000g, gaining 200g on every sale. Percentage gain equals (gain/actual weight) × 100 = (200/800) × 100 = 25%. This means for every 100 units paid, the customer only receives 80 units worth, giving the vendor a 25% profit margin.

Multiple choice

Given below are two quantities named I and II. Based on the given data, you have to determine the relation between them and mark the answer Quantity I- Gain % when an article of cost price Rs 900 is sold for Rs 981. Quantity II- Net % discount availed by customer when he gets two successive discounts of 4% and 6.25%

  1. Quantity I > Quantity II

  2. Quantity I <Quantity II

  3. Quantity I ≥ Quantity II

  4. Quantity I ≤ Quantity II

  5. Quantity I = Quantity II or relation can not be established
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Quantity I: Gain = (981-900)/900 × 100 = 81/900 × 100 = 9%. Quantity II: Successive discounts of 4% and 6.25%. Net discount = 100 - (0.96 × 0.9375 × 100) = 100 - 90 = 10%. 9% < 10%, so Quantity I < Quantity II. Option B is correct.