Biology · General Awareness

Vaccination and Immunity

997 Questions

This hub presents questions focused on vaccination and human immunity. It covers essential topics such as herd immunity, non-specific immunity, antigens, and historical vaccine developments. These concepts are crucial for general science sections in medical and civil service exams.

Herd immunity functionsNon-specific immunitySmallpox vaccinationInterferon proteinsAntigen propertiesImmunological amnesia

Vaccination and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice sexually transmitted diseases stds and infertility reproductive health reproduction biology

Vaccine of hepatitis B prevents hepatitis D.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hepatitis D, also known as delta hepatitis, is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis D virus (HDV). Hepatitis D only occurs in people who are infected with the Hepatitis B virus, since HDV requires the help of HBV to replicate. Therefore, by getting a vaccination of Hepatitis B we can save ourselves from Hepatitis D. 

So the correct option is  'True'.

Multiple choice zoology aids to health body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

Among these ............... is a physical barrier that acts a first life of defense.

  1. Skin and mucous membrane

  2. Neutrophils and monocytes

  3. Fever

  4. Interferon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The very first line of defense against any invasion of the human body is a set of physical barriers between the inside of the body and the outer world. Defense systems like skin, tears, mucous membranes are considered the non-specific barriers and the first line of defense.
So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

Human body is immunized by production of ____________ inside our body.

  1. Antigen

  2. Antibody

  3. Vaccines

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Human body produces antibody to immunize our body from the action of foreign material. Antibody recognizes foreign material binds to it and triggers immune response inside out body leading to phagocytosis.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

First line of defense include

  1. Skin

  2. Mucous

  3. Lysosyme secretion

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The first line of defense (non-specific barrier): These are a combination of physical and chemical barriers that prevent all types of foreign agents from penetrating the outer layer of the body. No specific foreign agent is targeted at this level.
The barriers are:
1. The skin – provides an impervious barrier to pathogens.
2. Mucous membranes – line the entrances to the body such as in the respiratory tract entrances. Mucus produced by these membranes traps foreign particles and directs them out of the body.
3. Hairs and cilia – (nasal hairs) trap dust and dirt; (microscopic cilia) line some mucous membranes and direct foreign particles out of the body.
4. Gastric juice, vaginal secretions, and urine – acidic fluids that have a protective function.
5. Tears, sweat and saliva – body fluids which possess some anti-bacterial properties.
6. Cerumen (ear wax) – produced in the ear canal and protects the canal by trapping dirt and dust particles.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

A person likely to develop tetanus is immunized by administering :

  1. Weakned germs

  2. Dead germs

  3. Preformed antibodies

  4. Wide spectrum antibiotics
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Tetanus immunization for a person likely to develop the disease (post-exposure) requires passive immunity, which is provided by administering preformed antibodies (tetanus antitoxin). Weakened or dead germs are used for active immunization, which takes too long to develop protection in an emergency.

Multiple choice classification of microbes living world and classification of microbes useful and harmful microbes harmful microorganisms biology

Vaccine is not available for

  1. Whopping cough

  2. Dengue

  3. Measles

  4. Tetanus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

There is no vaccine to protect against dengue. Developing a vaccine against the disease is challenging. With four different serotypes of the dengue virus that can cause the disease, the vaccine must immunize against all four types to be effective. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice classification of microbes living world and classification of microbes useful and harmful microbes harmful microorganisms biology

Vaccine is not available for

  1. Whooping cough

  2. Dengue

  3. Measles

  4. Tetanus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

DPT refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. MMR vaccine is a live attenuated viral vaccine used to induce immunity against measles, mumps and rubella. Dengue has no vaccine yet.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity

A disease can be prevented by which of the following methods?

  1. Health education

  2. Immunization

  3. Isolation of infection individuals

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Disease prevention involves a multi-faceted approach, including public health education, immunization programs, and the isolation of infected individuals to break the chain of transmission.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity

Infectious disease can be prevented by 

  1. Antibiotics

  2. Vaccines

  3. Analgesics

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The vaccine is made from a virus either killed, weakened or attenuated, which is introduced into the blood. This process is known as vaccination or immunization. The vaccine can be used to inject the antigen or the antibodies which provide protection against the respective disease by the production of antibodies by the plasma cells. The infectious diseases are transmitted from one infected person to the other person directly. These diseases can be prevented with the help of vaccination.

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice biology infectious diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity health and diseases

BCG is vaccine meant for protection against 

  1. Mumps

  2. Tuberculosis

  3. Poliomyelitis

  4. Tetanus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a vaccine which is primarily used against tuberculosis. In countries where tuberculosis or leprosy is common, one dose is recommended in healthy babies as close to the time of birth as possible. In areas where tuberculosis is not common, only children at high risk are typically immunized, while suspected cases of tuberculosis are individually tested for and treated.

So, the correct answer is 'Tuberculosis'.

Multiple choice biology infectious diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity health and diseases

Tuberculosis can be prevented through vaccination with

  1. MMR

  2. TAB

  3. ELISA

  4. BCG
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

BCG, or Bacille Calmette-Guerin, is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB). It is made from weakened tuberculosis bacteria that infect cows, similar to the human form of tuberculosis. The vaccine is 70-80% effective against the most severe forms of TB, such as TB meningitis in children.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology infectious diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity health and diseases

Vaccines are available for which of the following disease?

  1. Tuberculosis

  2. Brain tumor

  3. Sickle cell anaemia

  4. Common cold
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is commonly used against tuberculosis. It is normally given to children as it has been shown to provide very good protection against the disseminated forms of TB in children, including TB meningitis. The other diseases do not have any vaccines yet.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology infectious diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity health and diseases

Select the correct preventive measures of tuberculosis.

  1. Isolation of infected person

  2. BCG vaccine

  3. Use of face mask

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

BCG stands for Bacillus Calmette-Guerin. BCG vaccine is given for protection against tuberculosis as a preventive measure. Since tuberculosis is an airborne disease, the person who is infected by tuberculosis should be kept in isolation so that he does not spread bacteria by coughing or sneezing. Also, to protect oneself from getting tuberculosis, one should wear a facemask so that tuberculosis bacteria is not inhaled and does not cause infection. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology infectious diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity health and diseases

BCG vaccine is related to

  1. Emphysema

  2. Pneumonia

  3. Polio

  4. Tuberculosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

BCG, or bacille Calmette-Guerin, is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) disease. The BCG vaccine is made from a weakened form of a bacterium closely related to human TB. The vaccine is 70-80% effective against the most severe forms of TB, such as TB meningitis in children.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.