Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

706 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice biology food for health fats fats and their test different nutrients in food

Fat soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease is

  1. Retinol Xerophthalmia

  2. Cobalamine Beri-beri

  3. Ascorbic acid Scurvy

  4. Calciferol Pellagra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Retinol is Vitamin A, which is fat soluble. A deficiency in Vitamin A leads to xerophthalmia, a condition characterized by dry eyes and potential blindness.

Multiple choice biology a healthy diet minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Death of intestinal bacteria will cause

  1. Blindness

  2. Tired feeling

  3. Reduced synthesis of B-complex and K-vitamins

  4. Reduced excretion
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Intestinal bacteria are responsible for the synthesis of several essential vitamins, including B-complex vitamins and Vitamin K. Their death or depletion leads to a deficiency in these nutrients.

Multiple choice biology a healthy diet minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Which group of three of following statements (1 5) contains all the three statements regarding beri-beri
1. A crippling disease prevalent among the native population of Africa
2. A deficiency disease caused by lack of thiamine
3. A nutritional disorder in infants and young children
4. Occurs in those countries where the staple diet is polished rice
5. The symptoms are pain from neutritis, paralysis, muscle wasting, progressive oedema, mental deterioration and finally heart failure

  1. 2, 4, 5

  2. 1, 2, 4

  3. 1, 3, 5

  4. 2, 3, 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Beri-beri is caused by thiamine deficiency (2), occurs in populations relying on polished rice (4), and presents with symptoms like neuritis, paralysis, and heart failure (5).

Multiple choice evs - i constituents of food minerals in our diets types of nutrients nutrients and deficiency

Compare vitamin (Part I) with its deficiency disease (Part II)

Part I Part II
A. Vitamin - ${B} _{12}$ 1.Sterility
B. Vitamin - ${B} _{6}$ 2. Haemorrhagic condition
C. Vitamin - $E$ 3. Pernicious anaemia
D. Vitamin - $K$ 4. Skin disease

  1. A-1; B-2; C-3; D-4

  2. A-2; B-3; C-4; D-1

  3. A-3; B-4; C-1; D-2

  4. A-3; B-4; C-2; D-1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Vitamin                                             Deficiency disease
1. Vitamin - ${B} _{12}$       $\to$  Pernicious anaemia
2. Vitamin - ${B} _{6}$       $\to$   Skin disease
3. Vitamin - $E$          $\to$  3. Sterility
4. Vitamin - $K$         $\to$  4. Haemorrhagic condition
Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Anaemia in alcoholics may be due to deficiency of

  1. Vitamin A

  2. Vitamin D
  3. Folic acid and vitamin B$ _{12}$

  4. Vitamin C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Chronic alcohol consumption interferes with the absorption and metabolism of essential nutrients, particularly B vitamins. Folic acid and vitamin B12 deficiency are common causes of megaloblastic anaemia in individuals with alcohol use disorder.

Multiple choice evs - i community health and hygiene disorders of nervous system drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence

An undernourished alcoholic should receive large doses of ............. to prevent Wernicke's syndrome.

  1. Mg, K ions

  2. Saline and glucose

  3. Thiamine and other types of vitamin B

  4. Caffeine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Wernicke's syndrome is caused by the lack of vitamin B$ _{1}$ and is common in people with alcoholism. It causes brain damage in the lower parts of the brain. So, vitamin B$ _{1}$ or thiamine and other vitamins must be taken to treat Wernicke's syndrome.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C), 'Thiamine and other types of vitamin B'.

Multiple choice evs production of food from animals dairy farm management cattle farming uses of animals contribution of louis pasteur discoveries by louis pasteur discovery of microorganisms

Cattle fed with spoilt hay of sweet clover which contains dicoumarol.

  1. Are healthier due to a good diet

  2. Catch infections easily

  3. May suffer vitamin K deficiency and prolonged bleeding

  4. May suffer from beri-beri due to deficiency of B vitamins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

When sweet clover becomes spoiled or is improperly cured the coumarol is converted to the toxic substance dicoumarol. This toxin interferes with the metabolism and synthesis of vitamin K. Vitamin K is essential for liver function, necessary to prevent the seepage of blood from the circulatory system and to establish blood clotting. Without vitamin K, the blood will not clot properly after an injury, and this is why sweet clover poisoning is also called sweet clover bleeding disease.

So, the correct option is 'May suffer vitamin K deficiency and prolonged bleeding'.

Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

Which of the following in the blood stream is reduced most by excessive vomiting and diarrhoea?

  1. Calcium

  2. Sodium

  3. Potassium

  4. Iron
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Low blood sodium is also known as hyponatremia. Sodium is an electrolyte. It helps maintain the balance of water in and around your cells. Sodium is important for proper muscle and nerve function. It also keeps your blood pressure stable. Low blood sodium occurs when water and sodium are out of balance. Either there is too much water or too little sodium. Many factors can cause low blood sodium. Sodium levels may get too low if your body is losing too much water and electrolytes. It may also be a symptom of certain medical conditions. Causes of low sodium include: severe vomiting or diarrhea, taking certain medications, including antidepressants and pain medications, use of diuretics (water pills), drinking too much water during exercise (although this is very rare) etc. Calcium, potassium and iron are not reduced in blood stream by excessive vomiting and diarrhoea. Thus, option B is correct.

Multiple choice evs science of kitchen balanced diet and malnutrition assimilation of food components and importance of food skeletal system and muscles assimilation of food and egestion busy at work - our internal organs

Excretion of bile pigments in the urine indicates

  1. Anaemia

  2. Diabetes

  3. Rickets

  4. Jaundice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Bilirubin is excreted in bile and urine, and elevated levels may indicate certain diseases. It is responsible for the yellow colour of bruises and the yellow discolouration in jaundice. Its subsequent breakdown products, such as stercobilin, cause the brown colour of faeces.


So, the correct option is 'Jaundice'.

Multiple choice evs we are special defects of eye disorders of nervous system braille script

Deficiency of vitamin A in the body results in insufficient rhodopsin in the rods which leads to

  1. Colour blindness

  2. Total blindness

  3. Night blindness

  4. Myopia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Nyctalopia also called night blindness, is a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in relatively low light. It is a symptom of several eye diseases. Night blindness may exist from birth, or be caused by injury or malnutrition (for example, a lack of vitamin A). It can be described as insufficient adaptation to darkness.
Rhodopsin helps seeing lighted things and is synthesized in the presence of vitamin A (retinol). Its deficiency leads to lack of clear vision during night.

Multiple choice biology for a pollution free nation water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life basics of water pollution

Ascariasis spreads through

  1. Vectors

  2. Air and physical contact

  3. Contaminated food and water

  4. Droplets seen in air
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ascariasis is a disease caused by the parasitic roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides. Ascariasis does not spread directly from person to person. Infection occurs by eating food or drink contaminated with Ascaris eggs from feces. The eggs hatch in the intestines, burrow through the gut wall, and migrate to the lungs via the blood. There they break into the alveoli and pass up the trachea, where they are coughed up and swallowed. The larvae then pass through the stomach for a second time into the intestine where they become adult worms.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology nutrition minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

When breast feeding is replaced by less nutritive food low in proteins and calories ; the infants below the age of one year are likely to suffer from

  1. Marasmus

  2. Rickets

  3. KwashiorKor

  4. Pellagra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition caused by a deficiency of both proteins and calories, typically seen in infants when breastfeeding is stopped early.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry minerals minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Liver necrosis and muscular dystrophy are caused by the lack of this trace element

  1. Arsenic

  2. Molybdenum

  3. Zinc

  4. Seleneium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Epidemiological studies reveals that low serum Selenium levels are associated with increased risk of cardio-vascular diseases, liver necrosis, muscular dystrophy, pancreatic fibrosis, reproductive disorders and various cancers.
Selenium, along with vitamin E, prevents the development of hepatic necrosis and muscular dystrophy.
The good sources of Selenium are organ meat ( liver, kidney) and sea food.