Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

722 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

A person suffering from deficiency of visual pigment rhodopsin is advised to take

  1. Guava and ripe Banana

  2. Radish and Potato

  3. Apple and Grapes

  4. Carrot and ripe Papaya
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Rhodopsin is a pigment in the retina that requires Vitamin A for its synthesis. Carrots and papaya are rich sources of beta-carotene, which the body converts to Vitamin A.

Multiple choice biology mineral nutrition in plants nutrients and nutrition essential and non-essential mineral elements transport in the xylem of plants hydroponics hydroculture

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
In plants a common symptom caused by deficiencies of Ca, K, Mg and P is the:

  1. appearance of a dead necrotic area

  2. poor development of vasculature

  3. bending of the leaf tip

  4. formation of carotenes in plenty
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Deficiency symptoms of Ca, K, Mg and P appear initially as localized tissue necrosis leading to stunted plant growth, necrotic leaf margins on young leaves or curling of the leaves, and eventual death of terminal buds and root tips.

So the correct answer is "appearance of a dead necrotic area".

Multiple choice biology mineral nutrition in plants nutrients and nutrition essential and non-essential mineral elements transport in the xylem of plants

Match List I (nutrient) with List II(deficiency symptom in leaf) and select the correct answer using the codes given the lists.

List-I List-II
a. Phosphorus $1$. Lower leaves yellow between veins; purplish color of petiole
b. Potassium $2$. Discoloration of leaf, starting from margins and extending towards mid-rib
c. Manganese $3$. Dead tissues around the margins and in between the veins of the leaves
d. Calcium $4$. Development of chlorosis in patches in dicots and in stripes in monocots
  1. A-$1$, B-$2$, C-$3$, D-$4$
  2. A-$2$, B-$1$, C-$3$, D-$4$
  3. A-$1$, B-$2$, C-$4$, D-$3$
  4. A-$2$, B-$1$, C-$4$, D-$3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice biology mineral nutrition in plants nutrients and nutrition essential and non-essential mineral elements transport in the xylem of plants

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Heart rot of beet root is caused by the deficiency of:

  1. B

  2. Fe

  3. Mg

  4. Zn
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Heart rot in beet root is a deficiency in the minor, nonmobile element Boron, $B$. It shows necrotic cross-hatching inside the leaf petiole. Young leaves turn brown and die, resulting in a rosette of small dead leaves at the top of the beet. In the fleshy root, internal and external black spots of necrotic tissue develop.

So the correct answer is "$B$".

Multiple choice biology mineral nutrition in plants nutrients and nutrition essential and non-essential mineral elements transport in the xylem of plants

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Phosphorus deficiency in plants causes.

  1. premature leaf fall

  2. purple anthocyanin pigmentation

  3. older leaves exhibit deficiency symptoms first

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Phosphorus deficiency is a plant disorder associated with an insufficient supply of phosphorus. Darker green leaves and purplish or red pigment can indicate a deficiency in phosphorus. It is most common in lower leaves that are older. This condition is associated with the accumulation of sugars in P-deficient plants. Stems are thinner and leave acquire a leathery texture and tend to curl upwards, sometimes shedding prematurely. 

So the correct answer is "all of the above".

Multiple choice biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

Black urine disease is due to

  1. Absence of alkapton oxidase

  2. Absence of homogentisic acid

  3. Metabolism of phenylalanine

  4. Metabolism of tyrosine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Black urine disease, or alkaptonuria, is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (alkapton oxidase). This deficiency leads to the accumulation of homogentisic acid, which turns black upon oxidation in urine.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders

Insufficient quantity of vitamins in diet affect directly formation of all except 

  1. NAD

  2. FAD

  3. Flavin mononucleoide

  4. Lipids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is a co-enzyme. It is required for the fundamental biological process that make life possible. It is called dinucleotide because it consists of two nucleotides joined together through their phosphate groups.

So, the correct option is 'NAD'.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Beri-Beri, Scurvy and Rickets are respectively caused by deficiency of

  1. Vitamin B, D and C

  2. Vitamin B, C and D

  3. Vitamin D, B and A

  4. Vitamin A, D and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Deficiency diseases are diseases which are caused due to deficiency of a critical nutrient in diet. The nutrient cannot be synthesized in body and must be present in diet. Scurvy, Rickets and Beriberi are some of the common deficiency diseases in man. Scurvy is caused due to deficiency of vitamin C. The common symptoms are bleeding gums, loose teeth, anaemia, painful and swollen joints, delayed healing of wound, and emaciation. Beriberi is caused due to deficiency of vitamin B$ _{1}$. Its symptoms are loss of appetite. Fatigue, muscle atrophy paralysis, mental confusion, cardiac oedema. Rickets is caused due to deficiency of vitamin D and minerals like phosphorous and calcium in children. Its symptoms are defective mineralization or calcification of bones potentially leading to fractures and deformity.

Multiple choice biology mineral nutrition in plants hydroponics nutrients and nutrition hydroculture

Which of the following is not a deficiency symptom of minerals?

  1. Internode shortening

  2. Necrosis

  3. Chlorosis

  4. Etiolation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Etiolation is a process in plants grown in partial or complete absence of light, characterized by long, weak stems and pale yellow leaves. It is a developmental response to light deprivation, not a symptom of mineral deficiency.

Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

Which of  the following pair is incorrect in relation to diseases and related symptoms-

  1. Rheumatoid arthritis-accumulation of pannus granules

  2. Rickets-Incomplete and insufficient deposition of calcium and phosphate into bones

  3. Gouty Arthritis- Deposition of urea into joints

  4. Osteoporosis- Deficiency of vitamin D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

Osteomalacia is a deficiency disease of

  1. Infants due to protein energy malnutrition

  2. Adults due to protein energy malnutrition

  3. Infants due to vitamin D/Calcium deficiency

  4. Adults due to vitamin D/Calcium/ Phosphorus deficiency
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Osteomalacia is the softening of bones, typically caused by a severe deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus in adults. In infants, a similar deficiency leads to rickets.

Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

Select the correct statement about muscular disorder.

  1. Accumulation of urea and creatine in joints

  2. An overdose of vitamin D causes osteoporosis

  3. Rapid contraction of skeletal muscles causes dystrophy

  4. Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which tissue injury is caused by humoral (autoantibodies) or cell-mediated (by autoreactive T cells) immune response to self-antigens.
  • Myasthenia gravis is caused by an autoantibody against muscle antigen and acetylcholine receptor antigen.
  • It is characterized by increased muscular weakness the make one fatigue. speaking, breathing and talking becomes tired some. The failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Failure of neuromuscular transmission in myasthenia gravis can prevent normal swallowing'.
Multiple choice zoology locomotion and movement disorders of musculoskeletal system disorders of muscle and skeleton joints and movements

Imbalances of certain hormones, deficiencies of calcium and vitamin D are the major causative factors of :

  1. rheumatoid arthritis

  2. osteoporosis

  3. osteoarthritis

  4. gouty arthritis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The deficiency of calcium and vitamin D are the major causative factor of osteoporosis .

So, the correct option is 'osteoporosis'.