Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

706 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Protein deficiency in children is called

  1. Obesity

  2. Marasmus

  3. Diabetes

  4. Kwashiorkor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashoprkor is caused by the deficiency of proteins in diet  this disease occurs in children of age group 1 to 5 years. 

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

The protein deficiency disease is known as

  1. Scurvy

  2. Addisons disease

  3. Kwashiorkor

  4. Pellagra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is the classic disease associated with protein deficiency. Scurvy is Vitamin C deficiency, and Pellagra is Niacin deficiency.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Which is caused by deficiency of protein?

  1. Night blindness

  2. Beri-beri

  3. Xerophthalmia

  4. Kwashiorkor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is a protein-energy malnutrition disease. Night blindness and Xerophthalmia are caused by Vitamin A deficiency, and Beri-beri is caused by Vitamin B1 deficiency.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

A patient is generally advised to specially consume more meat, lentils, milk and eggs in diet only when he suffers from -

  1. Anemia

  2. Scurvy

  3. Kwashiorkor

  4. Rickets
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A patient is generally advised to consume more meat, lentils, milk and eggs in the diet only when he is suffering from Protein Energy Malnutrition(PEM) such as Kwashiorkor.
Kwashiorkor generally occurs in baby greater than 1 year of age. This defect occurs if mother's milk is replaced with low protein but high carbohydrate diet. The affected baby has a protruded belly and fat layer beneath the skin.
So, the correct answer is 'Option C-Kwashiorkor'.
Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

X and Y are diseases in infants. X is produced by deficiency of proteins and calories. Y is produced by protein deficiency unaccompanied by calories deficiency. X and Y are respectively 

  1. Kwashiorkor, Marasmus

  2. Diabetes, Goitre

  3. Goitre, Diabetes

  4. Marasmus, Kwashiorkor

  5. Kwashiorkor, Goitre
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Marasmus (X) is caused by a deficiency of both proteins and calories. Kwashiorkor (Y) is caused by protein deficiency alone. Therefore, X is Marasmus and Y is Kwashiorkor.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Inadequate protein in diet causes Kwashiorkor. Odema is related to protein deficiency of

  1. Insulin

  2. Gamma globulin

  3. Glucagon

  4. Albumin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Albumin is a major plasma protein that maintains oncotic pressure. When protein levels are low, albumin levels drop, leading to fluid leakage into tissues, which causes edema (swelling).

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Which disease does not occur in infants younger than six months?

  1. Kwashiorkor

  2. Kwashiorkor and marasmus

  3. Marasmus

  4. Jaundice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Marasmus is due to protein-energy deficiency that can occur any time if the infant is not provided with sufficient milk. Kwashiorkor mostly occurs due to nonutilisation of protein in the diet caused by aflatoxin accumulation.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Inadequate protein intake leads to Kwashiorkor . The subsequent oedema is most closely related to inadequate synthesis of which protein ?

  1. Gamma globulin

  2. Glucagon

  3. Insulin

  4. Albumin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Kwashiorkor, a disease of protein malnutrition, causes low level of blood proteins (serum albumins), which cause poor return of tissue fluid through capillaries. It leads to the swelling of tissues through  increase of its tissue fluid  which results into oedema.
  • So,(D) albumin is the correct option. 
Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

The major cause of diarrhoea in children is

  1. a bacterial infection

  2. a viral infection

  3. antibiotics

  4. food poisoning.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Diarrhoeal diseases are a group of intestinal infections, including food poisoning. The causative agents are mainly bacteria such as Staphylococus, Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella etc.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

A person suffering from deficiency of visual pigment rhodopsin is advised to take

  1. Guava and ripe Banana

  2. Radish and Potato

  3. Apple and Grapes

  4. Carrot and ripe Papaya
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Rhodopsin is a pigment in the retina that requires Vitamin A for its synthesis. Carrots and papaya are rich sources of beta-carotene, which the body converts to Vitamin A.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Identify the mis-matched pair.

  1. Fatigue, mental depression - Biotin

  2. Delayed dentition, knock-knees - Tocoferol

  3. Diarrhoea, loss of leucocytes - Folic acid

  4. Photophobia, red and sore tongue - Riboflavin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Delayed dentition and knock-knees are symptoms of vitamin D deficiency (rickets), not tocopherol (vitamin E). The other pairs correctly link deficiency symptoms with their respective vitamins.

Multiple choice biology constitutes of diet role of vitamins functions and principal sources of vitamins and minerals digestive disorders need for nutrients

Beri-Beri, Scurvy and Rickets are respectively caused by deficiency of

  1. Vitamin B, D and C

  2. Vitamin B, C and D

  3. Vitamin D, B and A

  4. Vitamin A, D and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Deficiency diseases are diseases which are caused due to deficiency of a critical nutrient in diet. The nutrient cannot be synthesized in body and must be present in diet. Scurvy, Rickets and Beriberi are some of the common deficiency diseases in man. Scurvy is caused due to deficiency of vitamin C. The common symptoms are bleeding gums, loose teeth, anaemia, painful and swollen joints, delayed healing of wound, and emaciation. Beriberi is caused due to deficiency of vitamin B$ _{1}$. Its symptoms are loss of appetite. Fatigue, muscle atrophy paralysis, mental confusion, cardiac oedema. Rickets is caused due to deficiency of vitamin D and minerals like phosphorous and calcium in children. Its symptoms are defective mineralization or calcification of bones potentially leading to fractures and deformity.

Multiple choice biology mineral nutrition in plants hydroponics nutrients and nutrition hydroculture

Which of the following is not a deficiency symptom of minerals?

  1. Internode shortening

  2. Necrosis

  3. Chlorosis

  4. Etiolation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Etiolation is a process in plants grown in partial or complete absence of light, characterized by long, weak stems and pale yellow leaves. It is a developmental response to light deprivation, not a symptom of mineral deficiency.

Multiple choice biology diseases and hygiene anaemia mosquito and human health non communicable diseases

Which of the following is the causative agent of hay fever?

  1. Female Aedes mosquito

  2. Tse tse fly

  3. Plant pollen

  4. Trypanosoma gambiense
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Hay fever is also known as seasonal allergy or allergic rhinitis is look like cold and symptoms are also similar like:-

i) Running nose.
ii) Watery, itchy, red eyes (allergic conjunctivitis).

iii) Sneezing
iv) A cough
v) Itchy nose, the roof of the mouth or throat
vi) Swollen, blue-colored skin under the eyes (allergic shiners).
These are caused by tree pollen, grass pollen, ragweed pollen etc.
So the correct option is 'Plant pollen'.

Multiple choice biology diseases and hygiene anaemia mosquito and human health non communicable diseases

Which of the following causes the seasonal allergy?

  1. Pollen

  2. Wheat

  3. Nuts

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Pollen allergy can is also called as 'seasonal allergic rhinitis'. Each spring, summer, plants release tiny pollen grains to fertilize other plants of same species. Most of pollens that cause allergic reactions  comes from trees, weeds and grasses