Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

706 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a common type of foodborne illness?

  1. Salmonella

  2. E. coli

  3. Vitamin C deficiency

  4. Listeria monocytogenes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin C deficiency is not a foodborne illness but a nutritional deficiency.

Multiple choice

Iron deficiency can lead to which condition?

  1. Scurvy

  2. Rickets

  3. Anemia

  4. Osteoporosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Iron deficiency results in insufficient red blood cell production, leading to anemia, characterized by fatigue, weakness, and pale skin.

Multiple choice

Which vitamin A deficiency-related condition is Golden Rice designed to address?

  1. Night blindness

  2. Scurvy

  3. Rickets

  4. Pellagra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Golden Rice is specifically designed to address night blindness, a condition caused by vitamin A deficiency that impairs vision in dim light.

Multiple choice

What are some potential complications of earwax blockage?

  1. Infection

  2. Hearing loss

  3. Tinnitus

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Earwax blockage can potentially lead to infection, hearing loss, tinnitus, or a combination of these complications.

Multiple choice

What are some of the famous people who have dyscalculia?

  1. Albert Einstein.

  2. Thomas Edison.

  3. Leonardo da Vinci.

  4. All of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Some of the famous people who have dyscalculia include Albert Einstein, Thomas Edison, and Leonardo da Vinci.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a type of developmental disorder?

  1. Autism

  2. Down syndrome

  3. Cerebral palsy

  4. Spina bifida
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cerebral palsy is not a type of developmental disorder. The three types of developmental disorders are autism, Down syndrome, and spina bifida.

Multiple choice

What is the leading cause of blindness in people with HIV/AIDS?

  1. Cataracts

  2. Glaucoma

  3. Age-related macular degeneration

  4. Cytomegalovirus retinitis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cytomegalovirus retinitis is the leading cause of blindness in people with HIV/AIDS, affecting approximately 30% of individuals with advanced stages of the disease.

Multiple choice

What is the main pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?

  1. Accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques in the brain

  2. Formation of Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra

  3. Degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain

  4. Loss of myelin sheaths around nerve fibers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

ALS is characterized by the progressive degeneration of motor neurons, which are nerve cells that control voluntary muscle movement. This degeneration leads to muscle weakness, atrophy, and eventually paralysis.

Multiple choice

What is the role of glutamate in the pathogenesis of ALS?

  1. Glutamate excitotoxicity leads to neuronal damage

  2. Glutamate deficiency impairs motor neuron function

  3. Glutamate receptors are mutated in ALS patients

  4. Glutamate levels are increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of ALS patients
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Glutamate excitotoxicity, which is the excessive activation of glutamate receptors, is believed to contribute to neuronal damage in ALS.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a common neurodegenerative disease associated with aging?

  1. Alzheimer's disease

  2. Parkinson's disease

  3. Huntington's disease

  4. Multiple sclerosis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Multiple sclerosis is not a common neurodegenerative disease associated with aging. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease are all neurodegenerative diseases that are more common in older adults.

Multiple choice

What is the most common type of dementia?

  1. Alzheimer's Disease

  2. Vascular Dementia

  3. Lewy Body Dementia

  4. Frontotemporal Dementia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia, accounting for about 60-80% of all cases.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a common type of developmental disorder?

  1. Autism spectrum disorder

  2. Down syndrome

  3. Sickle cell anemia

  4. Fragile X syndrome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sickle cell anemia is a genetic blood disorder, not a developmental disorder.

Multiple choice

What are the potential risks and complications associated with body modifications?

  1. Infection

  2. Scarring

  3. Nerve damage

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In the story, body modifications can carry potential risks and complications such as infection, scarring, and nerve damage.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is NOT a water-soluble vitamin?

  1. Vitamin C

  2. Vitamin B12

  3. Vitamin B6

  4. Vitamin K
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin C, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin B6 are water-soluble vitamins, while Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin.

Multiple choice

What is the primary cause of inborn errors of metabolism?

  1. Defects in enzymes involved in metabolic pathways

  2. Malfunctioning of cellular receptors

  3. Deficiency of vitamins and minerals

  4. Immune system disorders
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Inborn errors of metabolism are primarily caused by genetic defects that result in the malfunction or absence of enzymes essential for specific metabolic pathways.