Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

722 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

Anju is suffering from a deficiency disease being caused by decreased intake of niacin or tryptophan in the diet. She must be suffering from

  1. dry beriberi

  2. wet beriberi

  3. infantile beriberi

  4. pellagra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pellagra is a vitamin deficiency disease most frequently caused by a chronic lack of niacin (vitamin B3) in the diet. It can be caused by decreased intake of niacin or tryptophan and possibly by excessive intake of leucine.

Multiple choice

Kwashiorkor cases occur in areas of famine or poor food supply. Which of the following statements regarding the Kwashiorkor is INCORRECT?

  1. Kwashiorkor is a form of severe protein–energy malnutrition in children.

  2. Children with kwashiorkor are more susceptible to diphtheria and typhoid.

  3. In Kwashiorkor the osmotic balances in the digestive tract gets disturbed.

  4. Extreme fluid retention is observed in individuals suffering from kwashiorkor.

  5. In Kwashiorkor patents the protein should be supplied only for catabolic purposes.

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Protein should be supplied only for anabolic purposes. The catabolic needs should be satisfied with carbohydrate and fat. Protein catabolism involves the urea cycle, which is located in the liver and can easily overwhelm the capacity of an already damaged organ.

Multiple choice

The deficiency of which of the following vitamins impairs the metabolism of neurotransmitters in the body leading to serious disorders like depression?

  1. Vitamin B6

  2. Vitamin B7

  3. Vitamin B9

  4. Vitamin B12

  5. Vitamin B2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Low levels of  vitamin B9 can disrupt transmethylation reaction, leading to an accumulation of homocysteine (hyperhomocisteinemia) and to impaired metabolism of neurotransmitters (especially the hydroxylation of dopamine and serotonin from tyrosine and tryptophan), phospholipids, myelin and receptors. All of these can lead to the development of various disorders including depression.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is correctly matched?

  1. Rickets Vit. D

  2. Night blindness Vit. C

  3. Scurvy Vit. E

  4. Loss of appetite Vit. K

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Rickets (bone deformities in children) and osteomalacia (soft bones and joint pain in adults) is caused due to deficiency of vit D.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not the symptom of a deficiency disease; Kwashiorkor?

  1. The abdomen and other body parts are swollen.

  2. Skin becomes scaly and develops cracks.

  3. Reduction in growth and development of brain.

  4. Ribs become prominent.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is the correct answer. Ribs become prominent when the person is suffering from Marasmus. It is caused due to lack of protein and carbohydrate in diet.

Multiple choice

Osteomalacia is a _____caused by ______.

  1. disorder; behaviour problem

  2. deficiency disease; lack of vitamin D

  3. deficiency disease; lack of vitamin C

  4. disease; mosquito bite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Yes, it is the correct answer. Here the body gets deficient in Vitamin D and the back bone especially gets weak.

Multiple choice

Defect in amino acid metabolism results in

  1. Albinism

  2. Porphyria

  3. Wilson's disease

  4. Phenylketonuria

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism involving impaired metabolism of phenylalanine.

Multiple choice

A large number of adolescent girls suffer from

  1. Exophthalmia

  2. Anemia

  3. Scurvy

  4. Beriberi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A large number of adolescent girls suffers from ANEMIA in India due to the onset of menstruation and may continue later during their reproductive life.

Multiple choice

Match the following minerals and vitamins with their deficiency diseases and choose the correct option.

1. Calcium (i) Rickets
2. Iron (ii) Tooth decay
3. Vitamin B1 (iii) Beri-beri
4. Vitamin D (iv) Anaemia

  1. 1 – (ii), 2 – (iii), 3 – (iv), 4 – (i)

  2. 1 – (ii), 2 – (iv), 3 – (iii), 4 – (i)

  3. 1 – (iii), 2 – (ii), 3 – (iv), 4 – (i)

  4. 1 – (iii), 2 – (i), 3 – (ii), 4 – (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
1. Calcium Tooth decay
2. Iron Anaemia
3. Vitamin B1 Beri-beri
4. Vitamin D Rickets
Multiple choice

Match the following symptoms to their deficient vitamins and choose the correct option.

1. Loss of vision (i) Vitamin A
2. Bleeding gums (ii) Vitamin B
3. Soft bones (iii) Vitamin C
4. Weak muscles (iv) Vitamin D

  1. 1 – (ii), 2 – (iii), 3 – (i), 4 – (iv)

  2. 1 – (i), 2 – (iii), 3 – (iv), 4 – (ii)

  3. 1 – (iii), 2 – (iv), 3 – (i), 4 – (ii)

  4. 1 – (iii), 2 – (ii), 3 – (i), 4 – (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
1. Loss of vision Vitamin A
2. Bleeding gums Vitamin C
3. Soft bones Vitamin D
4. Weak muscles Vitamin B1