Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

722 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following are vitamin A deficiency diseases?

  1. Keratomalacia
  2. Ariboflavinosis
  3. Pellagra
  4. Hyperkeratosis
  5. Nyctalopia Select the correct answer using codes given below:

  1. 1, 2 and 4

  2. 1, 4 and 5

  3. 2, 3 and 4

  4. 2, 3 and 5

  5. 3, 4 and 5
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Keratomalacia is an eye disorder that results from vitamin A deficiency. Hyperkeratosis is thickening of the stratum corneum. It can be caused by vitamin A deficiency or chronic exposure to arsenic. Nyctalopia (also known as night blindness) is a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in relatively low light. Night blindness may exist from birth, or be caused by injury or malnutrition (i.e. lack of vitamin A).

Multiple choice

The deficiency of Vitamin 'A' causes

  1. rickets

  2. scurvy

  3. beriberi

  4. night blindness
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin A deficiency leads to vision problems, most notably night blindness, where the eyes struggle to adjust to low light conditions.

Multiple choice

Match the column – I (Vitamins) with column – II (disease associated with their deficiency):

 
Column – I
Column – II
A. Vitamin B3 1. Haemorrhage
B. Vitamin D 2. Rickets
C. Vitamin E 3. Pellagra
D. Vitamin K 4. Liver necrosis

  1. A - 1, B - 2, C - 3, D - 4

  2. A - 2, B - 1, C - 4, D - 3

  3. A - 4, B - 2, C - 1, D - 3

  4. A - 3, B - 2, C - 4, D - 1

  5. A - 4, B - 3, C - 2, D - 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin B3 (Niacin) deficiency causes the disease pellagra in humans. Rickets is a softening of bones in immature mammals due to deficiency of vitamin D. Vitamin E deficiency in animals causes several disorders such as reproduction failure, liver necrosis, etc. Vitamin K deficiency leads to haemorrhagic conditions.

Multiple choice

Chlorosis occurs due to the

  1. deficiency of light

  2. deficiency of Mg and Fe

  3. deficiency of pigments in the soil

  4. increased illumination
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chlorosis is the yellowing of leaves due to a lack of chlorophyll. Magnesium is a central atom in the chlorophyll molecule, and iron is required for its synthesis, so their deficiency leads to chlorosis.

Multiple choice

Phenylketonuria is caused due to the deficiency of

  1. phenylalanine hydroxylase

  2. dihydropteridine reductase

  3. homogentisic acid oxidase

  4. SAM
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which is required to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine.

Multiple choice

Following are vitamins in column I and deficiency diseases in column II. ||| |---|---| | i) K | A) Beri-beri | | ii) D | (B) Hemorrhagic disease of new born | | iii) B1 | (C) Keratomalacia | | iv) A | (D) Rickets |

  1. (i) - (C), (ii) - (B), (iii) - (D), (iv) - (A)

  2. (i) - (A), (ii) - (B), (iii) -(D), (iv) - (C)

  3. (i) - (B), (ii) - (D), (iii) - (A), (iv) - (C)

  4. (i) - (C), (ii) - (D), (iii) - (A), (iv) - (B)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

(i) - (B), (ii) - (D), (iii) - (A), (iv) - (C) is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Presence of bile pigments in urine shows that a person is suffering from

  1. gout

  2. cirrhosis

  3. Budd-Chiari

  4. jaundice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Jaundice occurs, when there is too much bilirubin being produced for the liver, to remove from the blood, due to a defect in the liver that prevents bilirubin from being removed from the blood, or from getting converted to bilirubin/glucuronic acid (conjugated), or from being secreted in bile.