Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

706 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

Match vitamins in Group I with chemical names in Group II and diseases caused by their deficiency in Group III.

   
Group I
Group II
Group III
P. Vitamin A i. Niacin 1. Beriberi
Q. Vitamin B1 ii. Retinol 2. Xerophthalmia
R. Vitamin B3 iii. Thiamine 3. Pellagra
S. Vitamin C iv. Ascorbic acid 4. Scurvy

  1. P - ii - 3, Q - iv - 1, R - i - 2, S - iii - 4

  2. P - iii - 1, Q - iv - 2, R - ii - 4, S - i - 3

  3. P - i - 2, Q - ii - 4, R - iii - 2, S - iv - 3

  4. P - ii - 2, Q - iii - 1, R - i - 3, S - iv - 4

  5. P - i - 4, Q - iii - 1, R - ii - 3, S - iv - 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Xerophthalmia is caused by deficiency of vitamin A (Retinol). Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency causes the disease beriberi. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) deficiency causes the disease pellagra. Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) deficiency results in the development of the disease scurvy.

Multiple choice

Deficiency of Vitamin B6 in man causes

  1. Rickets

  2. Scurvy

  3. Beri-beri

  4. Anaemia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) deficiency can cause microcytic hypochromic anemia due to its essential role in heme synthesis. It can also cause neurological symptoms like confusion, depression, and seizures. Rickets is caused by vitamin D deficiency, scurvy by vitamin C deficiency, and beri-beri by thiamine (B1) deficiency.

Multiple choice

Match the following:

 
Food deficiencies
Diseases
a. Proteins and carbohydrates 1. Goitre
b. Vitamins 2. Beri-Beri
c. Minerals 3. Marasmus

  1. a – 2, b – 3, c – 1

  2. a – 1, b – 3, c – 2

  3. a – 1, b – 2, c – 3

  4. a – 3, b – 1, c – 2

  5. a – 3, b – 2, c – 1
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. The deficiency of proteins and carbohydrates leads to marasmus. The deficiency of vitamins leads to beri-beri. The deficiency of minerals leads to goitre.

Multiple choice

'Scurvy' is caused due to the lack of ______.

  1. vitamin A

  2. vitamin C

  3. vitamin E

  4. vitamin D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Scurvy is caused by vitamin C (ascorbic acid) deficiency. Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis in the body. Without it, blood vessels become fragile, leading to bleeding gums, fatigue, and poor wound healing. Citrus fruits are rich in vitamin C.

Multiple choice

Which of the following diseases is caused by the deficiency of niacin?

  1. Dental caries

  2. Rickets

  3. Night blindness

  4. Cheilosis

  5. Pernicious anaemia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Pellagra is a vitamin deficiency disease most frequently caused by a chronic lack of niacin (vitamin B3 or synonym: vitamin PP (From: Pellagra Preventing factor)) in the diet.

Multiple choice

Which of the following diseases is caused due to the deficiency of protein and total food calories?

  1. Kwashiorkor

  2. Xeropthalmia

  3. Bleeding disease

  4. Scurvy

  5. Marasmus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct option. Marasmus is caused due to the deficiency of protein and total food calories. It is different from Kwashiorkor, which is actually caused due to lack of protein in the diet. Marasmus is usually found in very young infants and very young children.

Multiple choice

The replacement of breast milk by other foods of low protein and calorific value causes which of the following diseases in human beings?

  1. Rickets

  2. Xerophthalmia

  3. Goitre

  4. Marasmus

  5. Kwashiorkor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is due to low food calorie intake not due to protein deficiency. In developing countries like India, it is common in infants below one year of age. The causal factor may be due to early replacement of mother's milk by other foods of low protein and calorific value. This may happen if the mother has a second pregnancy when the older infant is still too young.

Multiple choice

The deficiency of vitamin K leads to

  1. improper coagulation of blood

  2. scurvy

  3. pernicious anaemia

  4. none of these

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver, particularly factors II, VII, IX, and X, which are required for proper blood coagulation. A deficiency of vitamin K leads to impaired blood clotting, resulting in excessive bleeding and poor wound healing. This is distinct from scurvy (vitamin C deficiency) and pernicious anemia (vitamin B12 deficiency).

Multiple choice

Which of the following causes scurvy?

  1. Deficiency of roughage

  2. Deficiency of vitamin D

  3. Deficiency of iron

  4. Deficiency of vitamin B

  5. Deficiency of vitamin C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy.