Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

722 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of sodium and potassium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of magnesium and calcium

A severe shortage of what in body fluids, may cause a potentially fatal condition known as hypokalemia?

  1. Sodium

  2. Potassium

  3. Iron

  4. Silicon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hypokalemia is when blood's potassium levels are too low. Potassium is an important electrolyte for nerve and muscle cell functioning, especially for muscle cells in the heart. Your kidneys control your body's potassium levels, allowing for excess potassium to leave the body through urine or sweat.

Multiple choice botany mineral nutrition in plants deficiency diseases and symptoms deficiency symptoms macronutrients and micronutrients

Chlorosis, i.e., loss of chlorophyll leading to yellowing in leaves, is caused by the deficiency of 

  1. N, K, Mg

  2. S, Fe, Zn

  3. Mn, Mo, Mg

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Chlorosis is a symptom caused by the deficiency of various essential mineral elements, including Nitrogen, Potassium, Magnesium, Sulfur, Iron, Zinc, Manganese, and Molybdenum, which are all required for chlorophyll synthesis or stability.

Multiple choice botany mineral nutrition in plants deficiency diseases and symptoms deficiency symptoms macronutrients and micronutrients

Necrosis mainly occurs by the deficiency of  

  1. Ca, Mg

  2. N, S

  3. Mn, Mo

  4. Fe, Mn
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Necrosis, or the death of plant tissue, is commonly caused by the deficiency of minerals like calcium, magnesium, copper, and potassium. Among the choices, calcium and magnesium are well-documented elements whose deficiency leads to localized tissue death.

Multiple choice botany mineral nutrition in plants deficiency diseases and symptoms deficiency symptoms macronutrients and micronutrients

Premature leaf fall is due to deficiency of 

  1. Sodium

  2. Potassium

  3. Zinc

  4. Phosphorus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Premature leaf fall is a classic symptom of phosphorus deficiency in plants. Phosphorus is mobile within the plant, and its lack disrupts energy transfer and metabolic processes, leading to early senescence and abscission.

Multiple choice botany mineral nutrition in plants deficiency diseases and symptoms deficiency symptoms macronutrients and micronutrients

Deficiency symptons of nitrogen and potassium are visible first in.

  1. Young leaves

  2. Roots

  3. Buds

  4. Senescent leaves
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Nitrogen and potassium are mobile elements within the plant. When they are deficient, the plant translocates these nutrients from older, senescent leaves to younger, growing tissues, causing the deficiency symptoms to appear first in the older leaves.

Multiple choice biology diet, drugs and disease effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nourishment and malnutrition

Excess of fat rich food may result in

  1. Defects in vision

  2. Scurvy

  3. Obesity

  4. Rickets
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fats and carbohydrates are among the three vital macronutrients, the other being proteins, that are needed to keep your body healthy. While eating moderate amounts is beneficial, excessive intake of fats and carbohydrates can cause complications such as cancer and obesity. 

Scurvy is a disease caused by a diet that lacks vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Defect of vision is caused by deficiency of vitamin A. Rickets caused by lack of vitamin D. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology diet, drugs and disease effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

Marasmus disease is caused due to

  1. Protein deficiency

  2. Obesity

  3. Dwarfism

  4. Deficiency of vitamins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Marasmus is caused by protein-energy-malnutrition (PEM) or deficiency of protein. The common symptoms are impaired physical growth, sub-cutaneous fat disappears, ribs become very prominent, limbs become thin and skin becomes dry, thin and wrinkled and  loss of weight occurs. The cure is diet with adequate proteins and proper caloric value.

Multiple choice biology diet, drugs and disease effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

Observe the below statements.
(i) Protein deficiency in diet leads to Kwashiorkor disease.
(ii) Deficiency of only calories leads to Marasmus disease.

  1. (i) and (ii) are true

  2. (i) true but (ii) false

  3. (i) false but (ii) true

  4. (i) and (ii) both false
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • There are two types of malnutrition diseases. 
  • Kwashiorkor is the disease that is due to the deficiency of protein in the diet. 
  • The other type of malnutrition disease is the marasmus, which is due to the deficiency of protein and energy. 
  • When there are low calorie and protein intake in the diet, results in marasmus. 
  • Thus, the correct answer is option B. 
Multiple choice biology diet, drugs and disease effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

Rickets and Kwashiorkor are

  1. Deficiency diseases

  2. Hereditary diseases

  3. Infection disease

  4. Communicable disease
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Rickets is defective mineralization or calcification of bones before epiphyseal closure in immature mammals due to deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D. Kwashiorkor is a condition resulting from inadequate protein intake. Early symptoms include fatigue, irritability, and lethargy. Kwashiorkor is a form of malnutrition that most often affects children in developing regions of the world
So, the correct answer is 'Deficiency diseases'
Multiple choice biology diet, drugs and disease effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

Thin limbs, oedema and diarrhea develop due to protein deficiency in

  1. Marasmus

  2. Kwashiorkor

  3. Pellagra

  4. Megaloblastic anaemia

  5. Xerophthalmia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is a protein-deficiency disease characterized by edema (swelling), diarrhea, and skin changes, often occurring in children after weaning.

Multiple choice biology diet, drugs and disease effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

Kwashiorkor, a disorder of children, is due to 

  1. Protein/essential amino acid deficiency

  2. Carbohydrate deficiency

  3. Genetic problem

  4. Vitamin deficiency
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is primarily caused by a severe deficiency of protein or essential amino acids in the diet, despite an adequate caloric intake from carbohydrates.

Multiple choice biology diet, drugs and disease effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

One has to include more meat, butter, milk and eggs in his diet if he is

  1. Suffering from scurvy

  2. Not in a position to see in the dark

  3. Suffering from vitamin D deficiency

  4. Kwashiorkor patient
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

If one is suffering from scurvy, then he need to add vitamin C (like citrus fruits) in his diet.
If a person is not able to see in the dark, he has night blindness and he need to add vitamin A in his diet.
If a person is suffering from vitamin D deficiency, then he need to add fatty fish and fish liver oils in his diet.
Kwashiorkor is a form of severe protein-energy malnutrition characterized by edema, irritability, anorexia, and an enlarged liver with fatty infiltrates. So, he should  protein-rich diet which includes meat, eggs, milk.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.