Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

722 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice evs nutritious food diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nutrition deficiency diseases study of ecological pyramids

The condition of deficiency and excess of essential nutrient is called as

  1. Malnutrition

  2. Constipation

  3. Dehydration

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The condition of deficiency and excess of essential nutrient is called as malnutrition. In this, either one or more nutrients like calories, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals are in excess in diet or deficient in diet. It can be either undernutrition or overnutrition. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Malnutrition.'

Multiple choice evs nutritious food diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nutrition deficiency diseases study of ecological pyramids

Which of the following disease caused by the excess supplement of nutrient?

  1. Kwasiworker

  2. Marasmus

  3. Kidney stone

  4. Dehydration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Kidney stones are the result of a buildup of dissolved minerals on the inner lining of the kidneys.
  • They usually consist of calcium oxalate but may be composed of several other compounds. Kidney stones can grow in size while maintaining a sharp, crystalline structure.
  • The stones may be small and pass unnoticed through the urinary tract, but they can also cause extreme pain as they leave the body. Hence, the kidney stone is the disease caused by the excess supplement of nutrient.
So, the correct answer is 'kidney stone'.
Multiple choice evs deficiency diseases diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nutrition deficiency diseases study of ecological pyramids

Deficiency of calcium can

  1. Cause constipation

  2. Can cause night blindness

  3. Decrease the resistance of our body against harmful microorganisms

  4. Make our bones and teeth weak
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Calcium plays ain important role in building and maintaining bones and teeth.calcium is important in the activity of many enzymes in the body. The contraction of muscles, release of neurotransmitters, regulation of heartbeat, and clotting of blood are all dependent on calcium.

Deficiency of calcium is known as Hypocalcemia.

 It occurs when calcium levels in the blood are low. 

Teeth and bones are made up of calcium and its deficiency can lead to dental changes, and osteoporosis, which causes the bones to become brittle. Hence, the deficiency of calcium can make our bones and teeth weak.

So, the correct option is 'make our bones and teeth weak'.

 

Multiple choice evs deficiency diseases diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nutrition deficiency diseases study of ecological pyramids

Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients for long period of time is known as 

  1. Infection

  2. Deficiency disease

  3. Vitamin diseases

  4. Nutrient diseases
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The body requires many different, carbohydrates, vitamins & minerals that are crucial for both body development & preventing disease. The deficiencies of these nutrients for a long time can cause deficiency disease.

So the correct answer is 'Deficiency disease'.

Multiple choice evs deficiency diseases diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nutrition deficiency diseases study of ecological pyramids

Deficiency of calcium causes

  1. Poor growth of teeth and gums

  2. Goitre

  3. Anaemia

  4. Polio
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The teeth are made up of minerals like calcium and phosphate. The dentine and the enamel of the teeth are made up of calcium. Thus, calcium is very important in the normal growth and development of the teeth and gums and its deficiency can lead to the weakening of the gums.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Poor growth of teeth and gums'

Multiple choice evs deficiency diseases diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nutrition deficiency diseases study of ecological pyramids

Night blindness occurs due to deficiency of which vitamin?

  1. Vitamin A

  2. Vitamin B

  3. Vitamin C

  4. Vitamin D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Night blindness is a nutritional disorder in which person is not able to see at night or in poor light. It is mainly caused due to the deficiency of vitamin A. Vitamin A is retinol that helps in the formation of rhodopsin that helps in vision in low light and hence in the absence of retinol, this pigments will not form and a person will not be able to see in dim light.

Multiple choice zoology excretory system of human disorders of excretory system disorders related to the excretory system functions and disorders of kidney

Renal rickets is related to old age

  1. Vitamin D deficiency

  2. Osteoporosis

  3. Chronic kidney disease

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Rickets is the condition of the weakening of bones due to vitamin D deficiency in the children. In people with old age, rickets is due to renal insufficiency caused due to Osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease.

So, the correct answer is 'Both B and C'

Multiple choice zoology skeleton and movements features of a muscle muscle features muscle contraction and its effects

Rigor mortis in due to

  1. Depletion of ATP

  2. Excess ATP

  3. Excess availability of calcium

  4. Release of magnesium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Regor mortis is one of the recognizable signs of death, caused by the depletion of ATP followed by the chemical changes in muscles after death, causing the body to stiffen and locked in place, making it difficult to move and manipulate.
  • When the ATP is depleted muscles can not contract and the body becomes stiff.
  • It takes about 2 days for rigor mortis to fade, and once it does, decay sets in.
  • Hence rigor mortis is due to depletion of ATP.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Depletion of ATP'.
Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Observe the given statements.
(i) Protein deficiency in diet leads to kwashiorkor disease.
(ii) Deficiency of only calories leads to marasmus disease.

  1. i and ii are true

  2. i is true and ii is false

  3. i is false and ii is true

  4. i and ii are false
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Inadequate protein intake leads to Kwashiorkor. The subsequent edema is most closely related to inadequate synthesis of which protein?

  1. Gamma globulin

  2. Glucagon

  3. Insulin

  4. Albumin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is associated with a decrease in serum proteins. The drop is particularly striking in liver-synthesized protein i.e. albumin ( < 2 g/dl against 3-4.5 g/dl ) and lipoproteins. The protein synthesis in liver is dependent upon the supply of alimentary amino acids after each meal. So later if the protein deficiency persist there is again a drop in the level of albumin synthesis which can be noticed immediately.
The ingestion of protein rich food can control kwashiorkor. The treatment can be monitored by measuring plasma albumin concentration, disappearance of edema and gain in body weight.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Deficiency of protein leads to

  1. Rickets

  2. Scurvy

  3. Kwashiorkor

  4. Carotenemia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is a protein energy malnutrition that occurs in children, 1 to 5 years of age, due to constantly reduced protein availability while the requirement is high. A kwashiorkor child has match stick legs, protruded pot belly, blotchy skin, bulging eyes, wasted muscles, anaemia, oedema due to deficiency of albumin and repeated diarrhoea.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Kwashiorkor disease caused due to deficiency of

  1. Protein

  2. Fat

  3. Sugar

  4. Hormone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is a protein deficiency disease. It commonly affects infants and children between 1 to 3 year of age. The symptoms are underweight children, stunted growth, poor brain development, loss of appetite, anaemia, dermatitis on lower leg and face. Proteins are necessary for growth, repair of tissue and for body defence therefore adequate amount of proteins must be present in the diet. Daily requirement is 1 gm protein per kg body weight in adult and 2 gm protein per kg body weight in growing children. Important sources of protein in food are cereals, pulses, meat, fish, milk, groundnut, peas etc.