Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

722 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Deficiency of protein leads to

  1. Rickets

  2. Scurvy

  3. Kwashiorker

  4. Carotenemia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition, caused by a deficiency in dietary protein. It is characterised by the edema, irritability etc. Whereas rickets is the deficiency disorder of vitamin D, scurvy is the deficiency disorder of vitamin C and  carotenemia is caused by the excessive consumption of beta-carotene rich food. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Kwashiorkor is likely in children who get

  1. Low-iron diet

  2. Low-vitamin diet

  3. Low-fat diet

  4. Low-protein diet
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition, caused by a deficiency in dietary protein. The extreme lack of protein causes an osmotic imbalance in the gastro-intestinal system causing swelling of the gut diagnosed as an edema or retention of water. Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is a public health problem that exists among children in developing countries, and in certain communities of some developed countries mainly resulting from poor nutritional intake, bad hygiene practices and frequent infections.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Kwashiorkor disease develops due to

  1. Malnutrition

  2. Overeating

  3. Catalysis

  4. Mutation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is a form of malnutrition that occurs when there is not enough protein in the diet. 

Causes: Kwashiorkor is most common in areas where there is famine, limited food supply, low levels of education (when people do not understand how to eat a proper diet).
This disease is more common in very poor countries. It often occurs during a drought or other natural disaster, or during political unrest. These conditions are responsible for a lack of food, which leads to malnutrition.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Kwashiorkor is a disease which is caused due to deficiency of 

  1. Only carbohydrates

  2. Only proteins

  3. Both carbohydrates and protein

  4. Fats and carbohydrates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is the most common and widespread nutritional disorder in developing countries. It is a form of malnutrition caused by not getting enough protein in your diet. Every cell in your body contains protein. You need protein in your diet for your body to repair cells and make new cells. A healthy body regenerates cells in this manner constantly. Protein is also important for growth during childhood and pregnancy. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

A child eats food rich in carbohydrates and avoids protein in its diet. Which type of nutritional deficiency will affect that child?

  1. Kwashiorkar

  2. Nyctalopia

  3. Diabetes

  4. Down syndrome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A diet high in carbohydrates but lacking protein leads to Kwashiorkor. This condition is common in children who are weaned off breast milk onto a starchy, protein-poor diet.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

A person whose diet is deficient in proteins may have 

  1. Swelling of face

  2. Obesity

  3. Bent bones

  4. Poor vision
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The one whose diet is deficient in proteins is suffering from kwashiorkor. The symptoms of this include, edema or swelling (of face), change in skin and hair color, fatigue, diarrhoea, irritability.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Protein deficiency in children is called

  1. Obesity

  2. Marasmus

  3. Diabetes

  4. Kwashiorkor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashoprkor is caused by the deficiency of proteins in diet  this disease occurs in children of age group 1 to 5 years. 

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

The protein deficiency disease is known as

  1. Scurvy

  2. Addisons disease

  3. Kwashiorkor

  4. Pellagra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is the classic disease associated with protein deficiency. Scurvy is Vitamin C deficiency, and Pellagra is Niacin deficiency.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Which is caused by deficiency of protein?

  1. Night blindness

  2. Beri-beri

  3. Xerophthalmia

  4. Kwashiorkor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is a protein-energy malnutrition disease. Night blindness and Xerophthalmia are caused by Vitamin A deficiency, and Beri-beri is caused by Vitamin B1 deficiency.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

A patient is generally advised to specially consume more meat, lentils, milk and eggs in diet only when he suffers from -

  1. Anemia

  2. Scurvy

  3. Kwashiorkor

  4. Rickets
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A patient is generally advised to consume more meat, lentils, milk and eggs in the diet only when he is suffering from Protein Energy Malnutrition(PEM) such as Kwashiorkor.
Kwashiorkor generally occurs in baby greater than 1 year of age. This defect occurs if mother's milk is replaced with low protein but high carbohydrate diet. The affected baby has a protruded belly and fat layer beneath the skin.
So, the correct answer is 'Option C-Kwashiorkor'.
Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

X and Y are diseases in infants. X is produced by deficiency of proteins and calories. Y is produced by protein deficiency unaccompanied by calories deficiency. X and Y are respectively 

  1. Kwashiorkor, Marasmus

  2. Diabetes, Goitre

  3. Goitre, Diabetes

  4. Marasmus, Kwashiorkor

  5. Kwashiorkor, Goitre
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Marasmus (X) is caused by a deficiency of both proteins and calories. Kwashiorkor (Y) is caused by protein deficiency alone. Therefore, X is Marasmus and Y is Kwashiorkor.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Inadequate protein in diet causes Kwashiorkor. Odema is related to protein deficiency of

  1. Insulin

  2. Gamma globulin

  3. Glucagon

  4. Albumin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Albumin is a major plasma protein that maintains oncotic pressure. When protein levels are low, albumin levels drop, leading to fluid leakage into tissues, which causes edema (swelling).

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Which disease does not occur in infants younger than six months?

  1. Kwashiorkor

  2. Kwashiorkor and marasmus

  3. Marasmus

  4. Jaundice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Marasmus is due to protein-energy deficiency that can occur any time if the infant is not provided with sufficient milk. Kwashiorkor mostly occurs due to nonutilisation of protein in the diet caused by aflatoxin accumulation.

Multiple choice biology food and human health balanced diet and malnutrition balanced and unbalanced food digestive disorders diseases caused by changes in lifestyle diseases and toxic substance health and its maintenance

Tea yellow is a disease of tea plants produced due to the deficiency of-

  1. Nitrogen

  2. Sulphur

  3. Potassium

  4. Phosphorus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • The yellows disease of tea, the nature of which has hitherto remained obscure, has caused serious losses to planters in Nyasaland. It is characterized by a progressive degeneration of the bush, in which the leaves become chlorotic, small, uprolled and of stiff texture, and are finally shed.It is caused due to the deficiency of Nitrogen. 

So the correct option is 'Nitrogen'.