Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

706 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice biology transport in plants transport of food, water and minerals theories of translocation transport in the phloem of plants

Brown heart disease is due to the deficiency of

  1. Boron.

  2. Iron.

  3. Molybdenum.

  4. Phosphorus.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Boron regulates pentose phosphate pathway, increases sugar translocation in plants. Due to deficiency of boron growth of roots stops and the disease ' brown heart' is caused in sugarbeet. Thus option A is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

What happens when a person doesn’t have enough iron in their diet?

  1. They have more energy

  2. Nothing happens

  3. They are weak and more likely to get sick

  4. Their skin turns green
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Iron deficiency leads to anemia, which reduces the blood's ability to transport oxygen. This results in fatigue, weakness, and a compromised immune system.

Multiple choice biology food components and nutrition effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

Inadequate protein intake leads to Kwashiorkor. The subsequent edema is most closely related to inadequate synthesis of which protein

  1. Gamma globulin

  2. Glucagon

  3. Insulin

  4. Albumin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is caused by severe protein deficiency. Albumin is the primary plasma protein responsible for maintaining oncotic pressure; its reduced synthesis leads to fluid leakage into tissues, causing edema.

Multiple choice biology food components and nutrition effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

Protein-energy malnutrition is also called as 

  1. Kwarshiorker

  2. Marasmus

  3. Rickets

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Protein-energy malnutrition is also called marasmus which is mainly observed in infants and children of age around 5 years old. The skin of the child becomes dry, thin and wrinkled, a deficiency also impairs growth and replacement of tissue, the body becomes thin and mental retardation is observed.

So, the correct option is 'Marasmus'

Multiple choice biology food components and nutrition effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

Marasmus is caused by

  1. Obsety

  2. Dwarfism

  3. Prolonged starvation

  4. Deficiency of vitamin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Marasmus is a disorder that occurs due to the deficiency of protein as well as calories mean prolonged starvation leads to it. Usually occurs in children age 0 to 5 and the child becomes very thin, becomes dehydrated, shrinks the stomach, etc.

So, the correct option is 'Prolonged starvation'

Multiple choice biology food components and nutrition effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

The following are the symptoms of Kwashiorkor and marasmus. Categorize them correctly:-
I. It is caused by the deficiency of protein in the diet.
II. It is caused by the prolonged deficiency of protein and calories in the diet. 
III. It affects infants under one year of age
IV It commonly affects babies between 1-3 years of age.
V. Subcutaneous fat persists.
VI. Subcutaneous fat is used up, making ribs very prominent. 

VII. Skin and hair change colour.
VIII. May caused due to lack of protein in mother milk.
IX. No edema occurs.
X. No change in skin and hair colour. 

  1. Kwashiorkor - I, IV,V,VII, VIII. Marasmus - II, III,VI, IX,X

  2. Kwashiorkor - I,II,V,VI,VIII, IX. Marasmus - III. IV, VII, X

  3. Kwashiorkor - II,III,VI, IX, X. Marasmus - I, IV, V, VI, VIII

  4. Kwashiorkor - III, IV, VII, X. Marasmus - I, II, V, VI, VIII, IX
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Kwashiorkor, also known as “edematous malnutrition” because of its association with edema (fluid retention), is a nutritional disorder most often seen in regions experiencing famine. It is a form of malnutrition caused by a lack of protein in the diet. People who have kwashiorkor typically have an extremely emaciated appearance in all body parts except their ankles, feet, and belly, which swell with fluid. Kwashiorkor is most common in countries where there is a limited supply or lack of food. It is mostly found in children and infants in sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and Central America. Its symptoms include (1) change in skin and hair colour (to a rust colour) and texture (2) edema (swelling) of the ankles, feet, and belly.

  • Marasmus is a severe form of protein-energy malnutrition that results when a person does not consume enough protein and calories. Without these vital nutrients, energy levels become dangerously low and vital functions begin to stop. Both adults and children can have marasmus, but it most often affects young children in developing countries. Over time, a person with marasmus will lose body tissue and fat in their face. Similarly, their bones become visible under their skin, and folds of skin develop from the loss of body mass. Their eyes may appear sunken.

So, the correct answer is 'Kwashiorkor - I, IV V VII, VIII. Marasmus - II. III. VI, IX,X'.

Multiple choice biology food components and nutrition effect on general health growth and development in young people nutrient deficiency diseases

Marasmus disease is caused due to

  1. Protein deficiency.

  2. Obesity.

  3. Dwarfism.

  4. Deficiency of vitamins.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Marasmus is a form of malnutrition.
  •  Marasmus is a severe form of protein-energy malnutrition that results when a person does not consume enough protein and calories. Without these vital nutrients, energy levels become dangerously low and vital functions begin to stop. 
  • A child with marasmus may not grow as children usually do. Hence, Marasmus disease is caused due to Protein deficiency.
So, the correct answer is 'Protein deficiency'.