Biology

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders

706 Questions

Deficiency diseases and disorders are caused by a lack of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in the diet or environment. This includes conditions like anemia, goitre, and night blindness. Practice these questions to prepare for general science exams.

Vitamin deficiency symptomsMineral deficiency disordersMalnutrition conceptsHormonal and specific diseases

Deficiency Diseases and Disorders Questions

Multiple choice bio-chemistry control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Deficiency of which of the following may cause bone deformation?

  1. PTH

  2. Vitamin D

  3. STH

  4. Thyroxine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Rickets is a disorder caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. It leads to softening and weakening of the bones. Vitamin D helps the body control calcium and phosphate levels. If the blood levels of these minerals become too low, the body may produce hormones that cause calcium and phosphate to be released from the bones. This leads to weak and soft bones.

Multiple choice

Phenylketonuria is treated by:

  1. Maintaining a diet low in protein

  2. Avoiding carbohydrates in the diet

  3. Consuming more vitamins and minerals

  4. Avoiding fatty acids in the diet
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder where the body cannot process phenylalanine. Managing the condition requires a strict diet low in protein to prevent the toxic buildup of this amino acid.

Multiple choice

Lack of Vitamin D can result in all of the following except:

  1. Cause softening of the bones and osteomalacia

  2. Rickets disease

  3. Inadequate bone mineralization

  4. Breakdown of mucus membranes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption and bone health. Deficiency leads to rickets or osteomalacia, but it is not directly responsible for the breakdown of mucus membranes, which is typically associated with Vitamin A deficiency.

Multiple choice

Malnutrition can be caused by all of the following except?

  1. Deficiency of nutrients in the diet

  2. Imbalance of nutrients in the diet

  3. Balance of nutrients in the diet

  4. Excess of nutrients in the diet
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person's intake of energy or nutrients. A healthy, balanced diet is the opposite of malnutrition.

Multiple choice

Scurvy is caused by which vitamin deficiency

  1. Vitamin A

  2. Vitamin D

  3. Vitamin E

  4. Vitamin C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which is essential for the synthesis of collagen in humans.

Multiple choice

Deficiency of this vitamin leads to Pellagra disease ?

  1. Riboflavin

  2. Niacin

  3. Biotin

  4. Retinol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Pellagra is a systemic disease caused by a deficiency of niacin (Vitamin B3) or its precursor tryptophan. It is characterized by the 'three Ds': dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia.

Multiple choice

In children by protein deficiency this disease occurs?

  1. Marasmus

  2. Obesity

  3. Scurvy

  4. Kwashiorkor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition caused by a deficiency in dietary protein, typically characterized by edema (swelling), particularly in the abdomen and feet. Marasmus, on the other hand, is caused by a severe deficiency of both proteins and calories.

Multiple choice

Anaemia can be caused by a deficiency of what nutrient?

  1. Calcium

  2. Zinc

  3. Vitamin E

  4. Iron
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Iron-deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia, occurring when the body lacks enough iron to produce hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Deficiencies in calcium, zinc, or Vitamin E do not typically cause classic anemia.

Multiple choice

What is undernutrition?

  1. A poorly balanced diet lacking in minerals.

  2. When someone eats less that 2000 calories a day.

  3. When people are obese.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice botany pictorial feature of plant kingdom classification of bryophytes types of bryophytes bryophyta

Which one of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin and its related deficiency disease ?

  1. Calciferol Pellagra

  2. Ascorbic acid Scurvy

  3. Retinol Xerophthalmia

  4. Cobalamine Beri-beri
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Retinol (Vitamin A) is a fat-soluble vitamin, and its deficiency causes xerophthalmia. Calciferol (Vitamin D) deficiency causes rickets, while ascorbic acid and cobalamine are water-soluble vitamins.

Multiple choice

Deficiency of Vitamin K causes impairment of....

  1. Blood clotting

  2. Nervous system

  3. Digestive system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin K is a critical cofactor for the carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in several blood-clotting proteins, such as prothrombin. A deficiency in Vitamin K leads to impaired blood coagulation, resulting in excessive bleeding. It does not directly impair the nervous or digestive systems.

Multiple choice

A deficiency of this vitamin leads to Scurvy.

  1. Vitamin A

  2. Vitamin D

  3. Vitamin C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which is required for the synthesis of collagen in humans. Without collagen, blood vessels, skin, and gums weaken, leading to bleeding and poor wound healing.

Multiple choice

Which disease is caused by vitamin D deficiency?

  1. Scurvy

  2. Beriberi

  3. Rickets

  4. Pellagra
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Rickets is a childhood bone disorder caused by a severe deficiency of Vitamin D, which is necessary for calcium absorption and bone mineralization. Scurvy is caused by Vitamin C deficiency, Beriberi by Vitamin B1 deficiency, and Pellagra by Vitamin B3 deficiency.