Tag: busy at work - our internal organs

Emphysema is a form of chronic lung disease, usually caused by smoking.
Bronchitis is caused by tobacco smoke, dust, fumes, vapors and air pollution.
Gastric and duodenal ulcers that occur in the stomach are called as gastric ulcers. Ulcers that occur in the upper area of small intestine, which is the duodenal ulcers.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Nicotine is a potent parasympathomimetic alkaloid and a stimulant drug. In particular, it is both a stimulant and a relaxant. It causes a release of glucose from the liver and adrenaline from the adrenal medulla thereby causing stimulation of nerve impulses and muscle relaxation.
Nicotine also produces adverse fetal effects. It is likely that hypoxia, undernourishment of the fetus and direct vasoconstrictor effects on the placental and umbilical vessels play a role.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Emphysema is a long-term, progressive disease of the lungs that primarily causes shortness of breath due to over-inflation of the alveoli (air sacs in the lung). It is mainly caused because of Smoking. Shortness of breath is the most common symptom of emphysema. A cough, sometimes caused by the production of mucus, and wheezing may also be symptoms of emphysema. Stopping of smoking and bronchodilating medications along with steroid medications are the treatment of this disease. Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Smoking causes many lung diseases that can be nearly as bad as lung cancer. Tobacco contains many chemicals and particles like nicotine that  irritate the airways and the lungs.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Prolonged smoking tends to stain the teeth and change its color, tooth decays and gum diseases.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or PAHs are a group of powerful cancer-causing chemicals found in cigarettes that can damage DNA and set cells down the road to becoming tumours. PAHs tend to damage particular sections of DNA. We know that PAHs contribute to lung cancer in smokers because DNA damage can be seen at these sections in patients.  One PAH compound, benzopyrene, is notable for being the first chemical carcinogen to be discovered (and is one of many carcinogens found in cigarette smoke). Its consequences are so bad, even if the woman exposed to PAH pollution during pregnancy, then there is adverse birth outcomes including low birth weight, premature delivery and heart malformations, lower IQ and asthma. Cord blood of exposed babies shows DNA damage that has been linked to cancer.

• The leading causes of mouth cancer are tobacco and alcohol. The next major cause is cigarette smoking.
  
• Both are carcinogenic, which means they contain chemicals that can damage the DNA in cells and lead to cancer