Biology · General Awareness

Viral Diseases and Immunity

807 Questions

Viral diseases and immunity cover the structure, transmission, and diagnosis of viruses like HIV. Questions focus on disease pathways, immune responses, and prevention. Strong knowledge here provides an edge in biology scoring.

HIV and AIDS structureVirus transmission methodsImmune system deficiencyPathogen risk groupsMedical diagnosis methods

Viral Diseases and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Assertion: Human immunodeficiency virus is spherical with diameter of about 90-120 nm. Reason: Its genome consists of single stranded DNA associated with reverse transcriptase enzyme.

Directions: In the following question there are two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R), consider both the statements independently and mark your answers as under:

1. A and R both are correct and R is correct explanation of A.
2. A and R both are correct and R is not correct explanation of A.
3. A is correct and R is incorrect.
4. A is incorrect and R is correct.
5. A and R both are incorrect.

  1. A and R both are correct and R is correct explanation of A.

  2. A and R both are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.

  3. A is correct and R is incorrect.

  4. A is incorrect and R is correct.

  5. A and R both are incorrect.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A is correct whereas R is incorrect. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is spherical with diameter of about 90-120 nm. Its genome consists of single stranded RNA associated with reverse transcriptase enzyme.

Multiple choice

Virus is ______ than/to the viriods.

  1. Smaller

  2. Larger

  3. Slightly bigger

  4. Same in size

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Viruses are generally larger than viroids. Viroids are the smallest known infectious agents, consisting only of a short strand of circular, single-stranded RNA without a protein coat, whereas viruses have a protein capsid and often a larger genome.

Multiple choice

Viruses are classified on the basis of

  1. kind of nucleic acid

  2. strandedness

  3. presence or absence of envelope

  4. All of the above

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Viruses are classified based on various criteria, including the type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA), the strandedness of the genome, and the presence or absence of a lipid envelope.

Multiple choice

AIDS generally spreads through

  1. blood

  2. air

  3. dust

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

AIDS is caused by the HIV virus, which is transmitted through direct contact with certain body fluids, primarily blood, semen, and vaginal secretions. It is not spread through air or dust.

Multiple choice

ELISA test is performed to test

  1. AIDS

  2. TB

  3. Tetanus

  4. Lungs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is a common laboratory technique used to detect antibodies or antigens in a sample. It is widely known for its use in screening for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.

Multiple choice

Ankita and her sister are HIV positive. Which of the following fungi are recognised from the oral cavity of HIV postive patients?

  1. Candida albicans

  2. Candida dubliniensis

  3. Candida famata

  4. Candida glabrata

  5. Candida kefyr
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Candida dubliniensis has recently been recognised from the oral cavity of HIV-infected patients and are most frequently implicated in cases of recurrent infection, following antifungal drug treatment.

Multiple choice

Viroids are

  1. infectious RNA particles

  2. infectious DNA particles

  3. large in size

  4. non replicating particles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 Viroids are infectious RNA paricles which are devoid of protein coat. They are obligate parasites of low molecular weight.

Multiple choice

The basic principle involved in the working of anti-AIDS drug is that

  1. they block protein synthesis

  2. they inhibits or reduce the replication potentials by disturbing reverse transcriptase

  3. they dissolve the protein coat of virus

  4. they block the enzymatic reactions necessary for metabolism of virus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Anti-AIDS drugs, such as reverse transcriptase inhibitors, work by interfering with the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is essential for the HIV virus to replicate its genetic material.

Multiple choice

AIDS virus is also known as

  1. HIV

  2. HTLV III

  3. LAV

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The AIDS virus has been known by several names during its discovery, including HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), HTLV-III (Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type III), and LAV (Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus).