Biology · General Awareness

Viral Diseases and Immunity

776 Questions

Viral diseases and immunity cover the structure, transmission, and diagnosis of viruses like HIV. Questions focus on disease pathways, immune responses, and prevention. Strong knowledge here provides an edge in biology scoring.

HIV and AIDS structureVirus transmission methodsImmune system deficiencyPathogen risk groupsMedical diagnosis methods

Viral Diseases and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Viruses are classified on the basis of

  1. kind of nucleic acid

  2. strandedness

  3. presence or absence of envelope

  4. All of the above

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Viruses are classified based on various criteria, including the type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA), the strandedness of the genome, and the presence or absence of a lipid envelope.

Multiple choice

AIDS generally spreads through

  1. blood

  2. air

  3. dust

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

AIDS is caused by the HIV virus, which is transmitted through direct contact with certain body fluids, primarily blood, semen, and vaginal secretions. It is not spread through air or dust.

Multiple choice

ELISA test is performed to test

  1. AIDS

  2. TB

  3. Tetanus

  4. Lungs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is a common laboratory technique used to detect antibodies or antigens in a sample. It is widely known for its use in screening for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.

Multiple choice

Ankita and her sister are HIV positive. Which of the following fungi are recognised from the oral cavity of HIV postive patients?

  1. Candida albicans

  2. Candida dubliniensis

  3. Candida famata

  4. Candida glabrata

  5. Candida kefyr
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Candida dubliniensis has recently been recognised from the oral cavity of HIV-infected patients and are most frequently implicated in cases of recurrent infection, following antifungal drug treatment.

Multiple choice

Viroids are

  1. infectious RNA particles

  2. infectious DNA particles

  3. large in size

  4. non replicating particles
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

 Viroids are infectious RNA paricles which are devoid of protein coat. They are obligate parasites of low molecular weight.

Multiple choice

The basic principle involved in the working of anti-AIDS drug is that

  1. they block protein synthesis

  2. they inhibits or reduce the replication potentials by disturbing reverse transcriptase

  3. they dissolve the protein coat of virus

  4. they block the enzymatic reactions necessary for metabolism of virus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Anti-AIDS drugs, such as reverse transcriptase inhibitors, work by interfering with the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is essential for the HIV virus to replicate its genetic material.

Multiple choice

AIDS virus is also known as

  1. HIV

  2. HTLV III

  3. LAV

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The AIDS virus has been known by several names during its discovery, including HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), HTLV-III (Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type III), and LAV (Lymphadenopathy-Associated Virus).

Multiple choice

AIDS virus has

  1. single stranded DNA

  2. double stranded DNA

  3. double stranded RNA

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The HIV virus, which causes AIDS, is a retrovirus that contains single-stranded RNA as its genetic material, not DNA.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements about hepatitis B is false?

  1. It is more common in cold countries as compared to warm countries.

  2. If occurring in neonates, it will lead to a carrier state.

  3. HBV is transmitted by sharing needles.

  4. HBV has an incubation period of about 70 days.

  5. It is accompanied by an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Very common in Asia and the far East as well as tropical Africa, where 35% of the population carry HBV whereas the rate is much lower in Northern Europe.

Multiple choice

Hepatitis A is a highly contagious liver infection caused by the hepatitis A virus. Which one of the following is a true statement about hepatitis A? 

  1. In developed countries, it is mainly a disease of the old.

  2. It has an incubation period of about 100 days.

  3. It is spread by the faecal-oral route.

  4. It is associated with HLA-B8, -DR3.

  5. It is best diagnosed by finding IgG-specific antibody to hepatitis A.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Contaminated water is the most common source.

Multiple choice

Directions: Read the following information and answer the given question.

Two HIV infected siblings Anu and Sumit were expelled from their school. They were not feeling well from the last few months. Only after the intervention of an NGO were they readmitted.

What is the mode of transmission of this disease?

  1. Transfusion of infected blood

  2. Playing with infected children

  3. From the bite of Anopheles mosquito

  4. Shaking hands with an infected person
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

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