Viral Diseases and Immunity

AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (often abbreviated as Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). Option C says 'Acquired Immuno Deficiency syndrome' which matches the correct expansion - 'Immuno' is shorthand for 'Immune'. This is the medically accepted full form.

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, which is the medically and scientifically correct expansion of the acronym. The virus specifically targets and weakens the human immune system, leading to AIDS if untreated.

HIV belongs to the retrovirus family, characterized by viruses that use reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA into DNA, which then integrates into the host cell's genome. This is a fundamental characteristic of HIV's replication mechanism.

HIV belongs to the lentivirus genus, which is characterized by slow progression and long incubation periods. Lentiviruses are a subgroup of retroviruses that cause chronic diseases with extended clinical latency periods.

AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. The word 'Acquired' means you get it from somewhere (it's not inherited), 'Immune Deficiency' means the immune system is weakened, and 'Syndrome' refers to a group of symptoms. The disease is caused by HIV virus.

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. The word 'Human' specifies it only affects humans, 'Immunodeficiency' means it weakens the immune system, and 'Virus' indicates it's a viral infection. HIV attacks CD4 cells (T-cells) that help fight infections.

AIDS is considered a pandemic because it has spread worldwide across multiple countries and continents, affecting millions of people globally. An epidemic is confined to a specific region or community, while endemic means a disease consistently present in a population. AIDS was declared a pandemic by WHO in the 1980s.

AIDS is caused by HIV which is transmitted through direct blood contact, sexual contact, and from mother to child during pregnancy/birth/breastfeeding. Casual kissing does not transmit HIV because the virus is not present in saliva in sufficient quantities to cause infection. Heredity (genetic inheritance) is also not a transmission mode for HIV.

STD stands for Sexually Transmitted Disease. These are infections passed from one person to another through sexual contact. The term is accurate because these diseases are transmitted through sexual activity. Common examples include HIV, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and HPV.

AIDS is caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), which is a virus from the retrovirus family. The virus attacks and destroys CD4 cells (T-cells) in the immune system, gradually weakening the body's ability to fight infections and diseases. It is not caused by bacteria, fungi, or algae.

Cancer itself is not a sexually transmitted disease. While certain sexually transmitted infections like HPV can increase cancer risk over time, cancer develops from genetic mutations within the body and is not directly transmitted through sexual contact.

World AIDS Day is observed globally on December 1st each year to raise awareness about HIV/AIDS and honor those affected. The other dates (Dec 5, 10, 30) are not recognized as AIDS awareness days.

A polymorphic virus changes its code (decryption module) on each infection to avoid detection by signature-based antivirus. Option B correctly identifies that the decryption module is modified, while A incorrectly states the encryption module changes.