Biology · General Awareness

Viral Diseases and Immunity

776 Questions

Viral diseases and immunity cover the structure, transmission, and diagnosis of viruses like HIV. Questions focus on disease pathways, immune responses, and prevention. Strong knowledge here provides an edge in biology scoring.

HIV and AIDS structureVirus transmission methodsImmune system deficiencyPathogen risk groupsMedical diagnosis methods

Viral Diseases and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a genetic disease?

  1. Haemophilia

  2. Sickle cell anaemia

  3. Night blindiness

  4. Influenza
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Influenza is an infectious viral disease, not a genetic one. Haemophilia, sickle cell anaemia, and night blindness are all inherited genetic conditions.

Multiple choice

AIDS is

  1. Acquired infection disorder

  2. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

  3. Acquired immunodeficiency symptoms

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Multiple choice

The HIV virus mainly affects the

  1. Monocyte

  2. Basophile

  3. Neutrophil

  4. T-Lymphocyte

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) primarily targets and destroys CD4+ T-lymphocytes, which are essential components of the immune system.

Multiple choice

Zidovudine drug is used for

  1. cancer

  2. hepatitis

  3. AIDS

  4. malaria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Zidovudine, azidothymidine, dideoxyinosine and crixivan are some synthetic drugs which are being used to prevent AIDS. 

Multiple choice

AIDS is caused by

  1. Blood cancer

  2. HIV

  3. Bacterium

  4. TMV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

HIV- Human immuno deficiency virus.

Multiple choice

AIDS is caused by

  1. Fungus

  2. Virus

  3. Bacterium

  4. Helminth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

AIDS is caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Multiple choice

The genetic material in HIV is

  1. double stranded RNA

  2. single stranded RNA

  3. double stranded DNA

  4. single stranded DNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The genetic material in HIV is single stranded RNA.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a genetic disease?

  1. Haemophilia

  2. Sickle – cell anaemia

  3. Night – blindness

  4. Influenza
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Haemophilia is a genetic disease in which the blood does not clot. It is caused due to an error of DNA and the error is present on X chromosome but it is expressed in males only. Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disorder in which the haemoglobin is defective and not efficient in O2 transport. This defective haemoglobin distorts the shape of RBC’s in which it is stored and they look sickle-shaped. Hence, the name “sickle cell” is derived. Being sickle shaped, it is difficult for the RBC’s to move freely in the blood vessels and so supply of oxygen to different organs and cells become slow and hence, respiration and release of energy becomes low, thereby making us feel lethargic. This disease is referred to as “anaemia”. Night blindness is a disease in which a person cannot see clearly in dim light due to defect in rod cells of retina. All these are genetic disorders. But, influenza is caused due to virus which is an external agent and hence, it is not a genetic disease. Thus, (1) (2) and (3) options are genetic diseases while (4) is not a genetic disorder.

Multiple choice

Assertion: Human immunodeficiency virus is spherical with diameter of about 90-120 nm. Reason: Its genome consists of single stranded DNA associated with reverse transcriptase enzyme.

Directions: In the following question there are two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R), consider both the statements independently and mark your answers as under:

1. A and R both are correct and R is correct explanation of A.
2. A and R both are correct and R is not correct explanation of A.
3. A is correct and R is incorrect.
4. A is incorrect and R is correct.
5. A and R both are incorrect.

  1. A and R both are correct and R is correct explanation of A.

  2. A and R both are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.

  3. A is correct and R is incorrect.

  4. A is incorrect and R is correct.

  5. A and R both are incorrect.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A is correct whereas R is incorrect. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is spherical with diameter of about 90-120 nm. Its genome consists of single stranded RNA associated with reverse transcriptase enzyme.

Multiple choice

Virus is ______ than/to the viriods.

  1. Smaller

  2. Larger

  3. Slightly bigger

  4. Same in size

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Viruses are generally larger than viroids. Viroids are the smallest known infectious agents, consisting only of a short strand of circular, single-stranded RNA without a protein coat, whereas viruses have a protein capsid and often a larger genome.