Biology · General Awareness

Vaccination and Immunity

997 Questions

This hub presents questions focused on vaccination and human immunity. It covers essential topics such as herd immunity, non-specific immunity, antigens, and historical vaccine developments. These concepts are crucial for general science sections in medical and civil service exams.

Herd immunity functionsNon-specific immunitySmallpox vaccinationInterferon proteinsAntigen propertiesImmunological amnesia

Vaccination and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity antibodies antibodies and antitoxin antigen and antibody

Vaccines are generally administered to _________

  1. Children

  2. Youngsters

  3. Elderly people

  4. It can be administered in all aged people
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vaccines are generally administered in children. When a disease carrying microbe enters our body, the body produces antibodies to fight the invader. The body also remembers how to fight the microbe if it enters again. The antibodies remain in the body and we are protected from the disease causing microbes.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity antibodies antibodies and antitoxin antigen and antibody

Which disease has been eradicated from most part of the world due to worldwide vaccine campaign ?

  1. Malaria

  2. Tetanus

  3. Small pox

  4. AIDS
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A worldwide campaign against smallpox has finally led to its eradication from most parts of the world.The other campaign are against polio,cholera,tuberculosis also led in most part of the world.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

The term active immunity means

  1. increasing rate of heart beat

  2. increasing quantity of blood

  3. resistance developed after the entry of antigen into the body

  4. resistance developed before the entry of antigen into the body.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Active immunity involves the active functioning of the person's own immune system leading to the synthesis of antibodies on the entry of the antigens into the body.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to immunity ?

  1. The antibodies against small pox pathogen are produced by T-lymphocytes

  2. Antibodies are protein molecules each of which has four light chains

  3. Rejection of a kidney graft is the function of B-lymphocytes

  4. Preformed antibodies need to be injected to treat the bite by a viper snake
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Treatment for a snake bite from a venomous snake like a viper involves the injection of preformed antibodies (antivenom) because the body cannot produce them fast enough to neutralize the toxin.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Short term immunity is provided by 

  1. Lysozyme

  2. Serum

  3. Vaccine

  4. Colostrum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Colostrum is the name given to the first milk produced by the mammary glands of mammals. It consists of various antibodies that provide natural passive immunity to the newborns. This immunity is transient and does not have a latent period or a negative phase.

So, the correct answer is 'Colostrum'.

Multiple choice zoology menustral cycle in human parturition and lactation pregnancy and birth fertilization and post fertilization in humans

Colostrum (mother's milk produced immediately after child birth) is beneficial for immunity of the human infant because it contains

  1. $IgF$
  2. $IgC$
  3. $IgB$
  4. $IgA$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Colostrum is the form of milk produced by the mother, after the birth of the baby. This is the first milk and is known to contain nutrients, proteins, antibodies and many growth factors essential for the growth and development of immunity in the baby. This milk contains high amounts of IgA. This antibody is required to protect the mucous membranes present in the throat, lungs and intestine of the baby from infection. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense blood clotting and healing of wounds coagulation of blood blood clotting

Blood agglutination tests are used in

  1. Antigen antibody reaction

  2. Animal relations

  3. Immunity

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Blood agglutination tests are used in Antigen-antibody reactions. The clumping of particles is called as agglutination. Clumping occurs when an antigen is mixed with its corresponding antibody. When people are given blood transfusions of the wrong blood group, the antibodies react with the incorrectly transfused blood group and as a result, the erythrocytes clump up and stick together causing them to agglutinate 
So, the correct answer is 'Antigen-antibody reaction'.
Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - friend and foe useful and harmful bacteria bacteria; benefits and harmful effects

Rickettsial vaccines are produced by cultivating microorganisms in living tissues of

  1. Chick embryo

  2. Plant body

  3. Artificial culture media

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Rickettsial or viral vaccines are produced by cultivating microorganisms in living tissues of animal bodies, such as chick embryos. It is possible in some cases to reduce these effects by harvesting only proteins of the infected tissues. E.g., allantoic fluid of chick embryo. These viruses can be killed or inactivated with formaldehyde, phenol etc. 

Multiple choice evs communicable diseases infectious diseases - transmission and prevention infectious diseases and how to prevent them pathogen and their mode of transmission

Allergens are noninfectious .They induce disorders through secretion

  1. IgM

  2. IgE

  3. Histamines

  4. Both B and c
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An allergen is a type of antigen which are non-infectious that produces an abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system fights off a perceived threat that would otherwise be harmless to the body. Such reactions are called allergies. The production of allergens stimulates the release of IgE (immunoglobulin E) antibodies. These IgE antibodies bind to the allergens and then activates receptors of mast cells which triggers the release of inflammatory chemicals such as histamine. Hence, allergens induce disorders through secretion of IgE and histamine.

So, the correct answer is 'Both B and C'.

Multiple choice chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

Smallpox vaccine contains:

  1. chemical medicines

  2. enzymes

  3. killed or dead microorganisms

  4. living microorganisms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Smallpox vaccine contains killed or dead microorganisms. The smallpox vaccine helps the body develop immunity to smallpox disease. The vaccine is made from a virus called 'vaccinia' which is a pox-type virus related to smallpox.
Multiple choice botany biotechnology and its applications biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

Second generation vaccines are prepared by recombinant DNA technology. Which out of the following are the examples of such vaccines?

  1. Hepatitis B virus vaccine

  2. Herpes virus vaccine

  3. Salk's polio vaccine

  4. Both (A) and (B)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Second generation vaccines are the vaccines which are prepared by recombinant DNA technique/ genetic engineering, e.g., hepatitis B virus vaccine, herpes virus vaccine and pneumonia vaccine. The yeast-derived recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine is the first commercially available human vaccine produced by the genetic engineering technology. Hepatitis B vaccine is produced from transgenic yeast by recombinant DNA technology.
So, the correct answer is 'Both (A) and (B)'.
Multiple choice biology cell biology and biotechnology stds and infertility gm crops biotechnology

A substance (low molecular weight protein) produced by host cells in response to viral infection and protect other cells against further viral infection is _____________.

  1. Phytotoxin

  2. Antibody

  3. Interferon

  4. Hormone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Interferons are signaling proteins released by host cells in response to the presence of several viruses. They cause nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defenses.

Multiple choice

Injecting a person with a small dose of a virus

  1. inoculation

  2. reincarnation

  3. metallurgy

  4. fasting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Inoculation is the practice of introducing a pathogen into the body to stimulate an immune response. This was an early medical practice in ancient India.