Biology ยท General Awareness

Vaccination and Immunity

997 Questions

This hub presents questions focused on vaccination and human immunity. It covers essential topics such as herd immunity, non-specific immunity, antigens, and historical vaccine developments. These concepts are crucial for general science sections in medical and civil service exams.

Herd immunity functionsNon-specific immunitySmallpox vaccinationInterferon proteinsAntigen propertiesImmunological amnesia

Vaccination and Immunity Questions

Multiple choice

Injecting a person with a small dose of a virus

  1. inoculation

  2. reincarnation

  3. metallurgy

  4. fasting
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Inoculation is the practice of introducing a pathogen into the body to stimulate an immune response. This technique has historical roots in ancient medical practices for preventing disease.

Multiple choice britain and the world the beginnings of empire history

How was immunity gained for smallpox?

  1. By causing a mild form of the disease in healthy people by blowing powdered smallpox scabs up people's noses

  2. Through hand-to-hand contact between the diseased and the healthy

  3. By injecting the virus into healthy people

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Variolation, an early form of immunization, involved exposing healthy individuals to material from smallpox patients, often by inhaling powdered scabs, to induce a milder form of the disease.

Multiple choice

Which of the following immunizations is recommended, but not mandatory?

  1. Whooping Cough

  2. Diptheria

  3. Mumps

  4. Rubella
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

While vaccines like MMR (Mumps, Rubella) and DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) are mandatory for school-aged children, booster shots for pertussis (whooping cough) in adults are highly recommended but generally not legally mandated.

Multiple choice

D.E. Salmon & Theobald Smith discovered what in 1885?

  1. Penicillin antibiotic

  2. smallpox vaccine

  3. rabies vaccine

  4. dead microbial cells were effective as vaccines
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In 1885, Daniel Elmer Salmon and Theobald Smith discovered that killed microbial pathogens could be used as effective immunizing agents (vaccines). This breakthrough laid the foundation for the development of modern killed/inactivated vaccines.

Multiple choice

Edward Jenner invented a vaccine for:

  1. smallpox

  2. rabies

  3. hepatitis

  4. polio
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In 1796, Edward Jenner developed the world's first successful vaccine by using cowpox material to immunize a boy against smallpox. This pioneering work eventually led to the global eradication of smallpox in 1980.

Multiple choice

What is active immunity?

  1. Temporary immunity

  2. When the immune system makes its own antibodies

  3. Both of these

  4. Neither of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Active immunity occurs when an individual's own immune system responds to a pathogen or vaccine by producing its own antibodies and memory cells, providing long-lasting protection.

Multiple choice

What is passive immunity?

  1. Temporary immunity

  2. When the immune system makes its own antibodies

  3. Both of these

  4. Neither of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Passive immunity is the transfer of active humoral immunity, in the form of ready-made antibodies, from one individual to another. Because the recipient's body does not produce its own antibodies, this immunity is temporary.

Multiple choice

Vaccines:

  1. Lead to autism

  2. are weak pathogens introduced and your body remembers later

  3. are 100% effective

  4. effective against polio, measles, chicken pox and tetanus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vaccines work by introducing a weakened or inactivated form of a pathogen to the immune system. This allows the body to develop memory cells, which provide protection if the actual pathogen is encountered later.

Multiple choice

Why are Category A Biological Agents the highest priority?

  1. They are easily mass produced

  2. They have high morbidity rates

  3. They include influenza virus

  4. They have high mortality rates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Category A agents are classified as such because they pose the greatest threat to national security and public health due to high mortality rates and potential for widespread impact. Ease of production is a factor, but mortality is the primary driver of the classification.

Multiple choice

Which immunity provides protection in response to infection?

  1. Active acquired immunity

  2. Herd immunity

  3. Natural immunity

  4. Passive acquired immunity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Active acquired immunity occurs when the body produces its own antibodies in response to an exposure to an antigen, such as an infection or vaccination. Passive immunity involves receiving antibodies from an external source.

Multiple choice zoology immune system vaccine and immunization infectious diseases - transmission and prevention infectious diseases and how to prevent them

Vaccines which are to be avoided during pregnancy are all except:

  1. Rubella vaccine

  2. Hepatitis B vaccine

  3. Tetanus vaccine

  4. Influenza vaccine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Vaccines which are to be avoided during pregnancy include rubella vaccine, small pox vaccine and oral polio-myelitis vaccine

So, the correct answer is 'Rubella vaccine'