Civics Polity · Law Legal Studies

Judiciary and Legal Systems

1,782 Questions

Judiciary and legal systems form the framework for interpreting laws and delivering justice. Questions in this section explore judicial review, the hierarchy of courts, and the issuance of writs. This topic is crucial for polity and law prelims preparation.

Judicial reviewHigh courts structureIssuance of writsSubordinate courtsPublic interest litigation

Judiciary and Legal Systems Questions

Multiple choice political science united nation organisation (u.n.o) organs of the united nations organs of united nations india and the world

The Judges of International Court of Justice are elected by _________.

  1. Security Council

  2. General Assembly

  3. Security Council and Trusteeship Council

  4. Security Council and General Assembly
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The International Court of Justice (ICJ), is the principal judicial organ of the UN. It is comprised of 15 judges elected to nine-year terms of office by the UN General Assembly and the Security Council.

Multiple choice political science united nation organisation (u.n.o) organs of the united nations organs of united nations india and the world

The Judges of International Court of Justice are elected by the ________ and  are approved by the ________ .

  1. General Assembly, Secretariat

  2. Secretariat, Security Council

  3. Economic and Social Council, General Assembly

  4. General Assembly, Security council
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Judges of the International Court of Justice are elected by the UN General Assembly and the Security Council. Both bodies vote independently to select the candidates.

Multiple choice organization of commerce and management grievance redressal mechanism grievance and need for redressal mechanism consumer protection commerce

The appeals against the orders of a _________ can also be filed before the national commission.

  1. district forum

  2. state government

  3. state commission

  4. both a and b
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The appeals against the orders of a state government can also be filed before the national commission.If the aggrieved party is not satisfied with the judgement of the state commission, then they can file an appeal to National Commission within 30 days by depositing 35000 or 50% of the penalty amount whichever is less.

Multiple choice organization of commerce and management grievance redressal mechanism grievance and need for redressal mechanism consumer protection commerce

The apex consumer court in India is referred to as _______.

  1. the Consumer education and research center

  2. the Consumer unity and trust society

  3. National consumer disputes redressal commission

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) is the apex body in the three-tier quasi-judicial consumer dispute redressal machinery in India.

Multiple choice civics subordinate courts lok adalats lok adalats and tribunals the judiciary-subordinate courts and lok adalats

When is the case settled in Lok Adalat?

  1. Appeal cannot be made to higher court

  2. Appeal can be made to the higher court

  3. Both A and B

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Settling of disputes is fast and also for free of cost. When a case is settled in Lok Adalat appeal cannot be made to higher court. This is because the disputes are settled on consent of both the parties and are made to compromise with each other.

Multiple choice civics subordinate courts lok adalats lok adalats and tribunals the judiciary-subordinate courts and lok adalats

Which is/are the advantage/s of Lok Adalat?

  1. There is no court fee

  2. Disputes can be brought before the Lok Adalat directly instead of going to a regular court first

  3. Provides faster and inexpensive remedy with legal status

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Lok Adalat is a special type of court in which disputes are settled by the mutual consent. Disputes are solved by direct talks between litigants. Advantages of Lok Adalat include: there is no court fee, cases are solved very quickly and easily and people can go directly to Lok Adalat instead of going to court first.

Multiple choice civics subordinate courts lok adalats lok adalats and tribunals the judiciary-subordinate courts and lok adalats

Which of the following is/are the power/s of family court?

  1. The family court has the power to make their own procedure

  2. They are not required to record the oral statement of the witness at length

  3. The appeal from family courts lies directly to the High Court

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Main goal of establishment of family courts is for secure and speed settlement of disputes relating to marriage and family affairs. Matters like divorce, separation, maintenance, custody of children are usually dealt in family courts. Powers of family court include: they can make their own procedure for settling a case, they are not required to record the oral statement of the witness at length and appeal from family courts lies directly to the High Court.

Multiple choice civics subordinate courts lok adalats lok adalats and tribunals the judiciary-subordinate courts and lok adalats

In order to reduce cost and delay in the legal process, ________ have been set up.

  1. Magistrate Courts

  2. Revenue Courts

  3. Lok Adalats

  4. Munsiff Courts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Due to a large number of cases pending in the courts and major delays in the processes, Lok Adalat became an important forum for the people from the 1980s and it received legal recognition in the year 1987. In Lok Adalat, the two parties to a dispute/issue of a pending case of the court have a friendly and co-operative settlement.

Multiple choice civics subordinate courts lok adalats lok adalats and tribunals the judiciary-subordinate courts and lok adalats

The jurisdiction of Supreme Court to hear an appeal by special leave is very wide State in which of the following cases, no appeal even by special leave lies to the Supreme Court _________________________.

  1. from any judgment ,decree or order of any court or tribunal in a civil matter

  2. from any determination, order or sentence of a court in a criminal matter

  3. from any order or judgement of judicial or quasi-judicial tribunal

  4. from an order of a tribunal constituted by or under any law relation to armed forces.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Under Article 136 of the Indian Constitution, the Supreme Court has wide discretionary powers to grant special leave to appeal, but this power explicitly excludes matters related to any court or tribunal constituted by or under any law relating to the Armed Forces.

Multiple choice civics subordinate courts lok adalats lok adalats and tribunals the judiciary-subordinate courts and lok adalats

Which of the following is/are true regarding Lok Adalats?

1. Come under the purview of high court of respective states.

2. Deal with matters related to civil cases only and not criminal cases.

3. Decisions are binding on both the parties to the dispute.

4.  Do not possess court fee for cases.

  1. 4 Only

  2. 3 and 4 Only

  3. 2, 3 and 4 Only

  4. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lok Adalat is one of the alternative dispute redressal mechanisms. It is a forum where disputes pending in the court of law or at the pre-litigation stage are settled amicably. Lok Adalats have been given statutory status under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987. The decisions made by the Lok Adalats is deemed to be a decree of a civil court and is final and binding on all parties and no appeal against such an award lies before any court of law. There is no court fee and if the case is already filed in the regular court, the fee paid will be refunded if the dispute is settled at Lok Adalat.

Multiple choice organization of commerce and management consumerism the consumer protection act, 1986 consumer protection commerce

Which of the following is not a forum of Consumer Dispute Redressal System?

  1. Local forum

  2. District forum

  3. State Forum (State Commission)

  4. National Commission
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Consumer Protection Act establishes a three-tier system: District Forum, State Commission, and National Commission. A 'Local forum' is not a formal part of this statutory structure.

Multiple choice political science fundamental rights- part i human rights : origin, characteristics and types international problems problems affecting the world

Which of the following writs or orders is passed by the Supreme Court or the High Court to ascertain the validity of an appointment of a person to a certain post ?

  1. Writ of habeas corpus

  2. Writ of prohibition

  3. Writ of quo warranto

  4. Writ of mandamus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

It means '' by what order.'' This writ prevents public officers from forcibly or wrongly holding a high public office.

Multiple choice political science fundamental rights- part i human rights : origin, characteristics and types international problems problems affecting the world

The writ of Mandamus cannot be issued against the President of India or the State Governors; and against the Chief Justice of a High Court acting in the judicial capacity.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mandamus is an order from the Supreme Court or High Court to a lower court or tribunal or public authority to perform a public or statutory duty. This writ can be issued against anyone, including the president or governor of the state, a private person or chief justice.

Multiple choice political science fundamental rights- part i human rights : origin, characteristics and types international problems problems affecting the world

For the enforcement of Fundamental Rights, the Supreme Court may issue a/an _______________.

  1. decree

  2. ordinance

  3. notification

  4. writ
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The Fundamental Rights given in Part III of the Constitution are enforceable in a court of law if a violation occurs. The Constitution empowers Supreme Court and High Court under articles 32 and 226 respectively to issue writs for the safeguarding of Fundamental Rights of the Citizens. The Supreme Court and High Court in the exercise of this power can issue five Writs viz., Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Certiorari, Prohibition, Quo-Warranto.