Civics Polity · Law Legal Studies

Judiciary and Legal Systems

1,814 Questions

Judiciary and legal systems form the framework for interpreting laws and delivering justice. Questions in this section explore judicial review, the hierarchy of courts, and the issuance of writs. This topic is crucial for polity and law prelims preparation.

Judicial reviewHigh courts structureIssuance of writsSubordinate courtsPublic interest litigation

Judiciary and Legal Systems Questions

Multiple choice

Assam High Court was renamed as

  1. Guwahati High Court

  2. State High Court

  3. Guwah High Court

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Assam High Court was renamed as the Gauhati High Court to reflect the name of the city where it is located.

Multiple choice

The salaries of the Judges of the Supreme Court are charged to the Consolidated Fund of India to ensure that

  1. they get their salaries temporarily

  2. the Parliament does not reduce their salaries

  3. they get their salaries on the basis of their duty

  4. they dispense justice impartially
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Charging salaries to the Consolidated Fund of India ensures judicial independence by removing them from the annual parliamentary vote, preventing political pressure on judges.

Multiple choice

Who establish the court of session?

  1. State government

  2. High Court

  3. Supreme Court

  4. Central Government
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Right under sec-9 of CrPC, state govt establish the court of session for every session division.

Multiple choice

The highest court of justice in India is _______.

  1. the Municipal Court

  2. The Supreme Court

  3. The High Court

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial authority and the final court of appeal in the Indian legal system.

Multiple choice

Election petitions are heard by

  1. High courts and supreme courts in appeal

  2. Election Tribunals

  3. Election Commission of states and centre

  4. Special Courts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Election petitions are heard by High courts and supreme courts in appeal.

Multiple choice

Power and position of the Supreme Court in India is very much like that of the highest court in

  1. Russia

  2. U.S.A

  3. Japan

  4. England
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The US Supreme Court has the supreme power because the framers of the Constitution stated in Article III, Section 1, that The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. 

Multiple choice

The judges of subordinate courts are appointed by the Governor in consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court of the concerned State. A minimum of _____ of practise as a lawyer at bar is a necessary qualification.

  1. five years

  2. seven years

  3. ten years

  4. three years
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The judges of subordinate courts are appointed by the Governor in consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court of the concerned state. A minimum of seven years of practise as a lawyer at bar is a necessary qualification.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statement(s) is/are NOT TRUE about the Judicial system in India?

  1. The President of India is the apex and final court of the judicial system in India.
  2. The Supreme Court has the powers to prescribe the number of judges in a court.
  3. Presently there are 21 high courts in India.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. 1 and 2 only

  4. Only 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Statement 1 is false because the Supreme Court is the apex court, not the President. Statement 2 is true regarding the power to increase judge strength. Statement 3 is false because there are currently 25 High Courts in India, but in 2008, the count was different; however, the question asks for what is NOT true, and the number of High Courts has changed over time.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following is not a limitation of Judicial Control?

  1. Administrative actions are of highly technical nature

  2. Judicial remedy is quite expensive

  3. Judicial process is time consuming

  4. Judiciary can by itself take cognizance of the excess of the officials
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Judicial control is reactive, not proactive. The judiciary cannot take cognizance of administrative excesses on its own; it must wait for an aggrieved party to approach the court.

Multiple choice

You are in the ‘Legal Section’ of a government department where you provide legal inputs, case laws (judgement of a court on an issue) to defend the department in cases coming before the High Court. An important case is coming up in a few days for which inputs have to be given to the legal counsel (Advocate) by tomorrow. Your boss has asked you to quote a specific case law in the department’s input to be given to the counsel. You are aware that there is another recent case law (Court’s judgement on an issue) of the jurisdictional High Court, which supports the Department’s case much better. But you don’t have its particulars or the copy of the judgement. Locating it and citing the facts from it may take a few hours more. This would mean staying back till late in the office. In such a situation what would you do?

  1. Quote the case which the boss wants you to and submit the inputs.

  2. Stay back till late night, find the new case law and include the inputs from it.

  3. Speak to your boss and the government counsel that you are wanting to include the new case law and take time till next day for giving the submission.

  4. Ask the counsel to seek adjournment from the High Court as inclusion of the new case law and preparation of the submission will take time.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

2.5 marks if option is (b) 1.5 marks if option is (c) 0 marks if option is (a) or (d) Rationale/ Reasoning (b) Option ‘b’ shows your eagerness to walk the extra mile without even being asked to do so. (c) Option ‘c’ still reflects, your desire to make value addition to work and that you take initiative. But taking extra day implies that you want to take initiative at your own convenience and are not ready to bend your back in the call of your duty. (a) Option ‘a’ indicates lack of exercise of initiative, despite having the ability to do so. (d) Option ‘d’ serves little purpose as it defeats the organisational objective and interest. Principles/ Values tested Initiative/ desire to walk the extra mile/ devotion to duty.