Civics Polity · Law Legal Studies

Judiciary and Legal Systems

1,782 Questions

Judiciary and legal systems form the framework for interpreting laws and delivering justice. Questions in this section explore judicial review, the hierarchy of courts, and the issuance of writs. This topic is crucial for polity and law prelims preparation.

Judicial reviewHigh courts structureIssuance of writsSubordinate courtsPublic interest litigation

Judiciary and Legal Systems Questions

Multiple choice

Which of following is called the Fourth Estate?

  1. Press

  2. Police

  3. Judiciary

  4. Human Rights Commission
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The term Fourth Estate refers to the press or news media, specifically in its role as a watchdog of the other three estates (legislature, executive, and judiciary).

Multiple choice

Among which of the cases the Supreme court held that right of an Advocate to appear and conduct cases in courts in still within the control and jurisdiction of courts?

  1. Ex-Capt. Harish Uppal v UOI

  2. Ram Narain popli v C.B.I

  3. Dr. Chanchal Goyal v state of Rajasthan

  4. Radhe Mohanlal v Rajasthan High court
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In Ex-Capt. Harish Uppal v UOI, the Supreme court held that right of an advocate to appear and conduct cases in courts is still within the control and jurisdiction of courts. 

Multiple choice

There are two classes of advocates in India

  1. Advocates and senior Advocates

  2. Barristers and Solicitors

  3. Lawyers and Attorneys

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

According to section 16 of THE ADVOCATES ACT, 1961, there shall be two classes of advocates, namely, senior advocates and other advocates. An advocate may with his consent be designated as senior advocate, if the Supreme Court or a High Court is of opinion, that by virtue of his ability, standing at the Bar or special knowledge of experience in law, he is deserving of such distinction.

Multiple choice

Which statement is correct?

  1. every state has its own high court

  2. every union territory is clubbed with one of state high court

  3. two or more states or two or more union territories or two states and one or more union territories can have a common high court

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Two or more states or two or more union territories or two states and one or more union territories can have a common high court.

Multiple choice

In which of the following cases has the Supreme Court held that primacy should be given to the opinion of the Chief Justice of India over the opinion of the other constitutional functionaries in the matter of appointment of the High Court and Supreme Court judges?

  1. Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association v. Union of India

  2. Transfer of judges case

  3. Special Courts Bill case

  4. Keshavananda case

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In Supreme Court Advocates-on-Record Association v. Union of India, the Supreme Court held that in the case of recruitment of the judges of the High Court and the Supreme Court, the priority should be given to the idea of the Chief Justice of India over the idea of the other authorities.

Multiple choice
  1. A retired judge of the Supreme Court is prohibited from appearing and pleading in any court within the territory of India.
  2. The Supreme Court may issue writs for enforcement of any legal right.
  3. The Supreme Court has the power to punish any person for its contempt.
  4. Salaries of the judges of the Supreme Court is not subject to vote of the legislature.

Which one of the above statements is not correct?

  1. Only 4

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. Only 1

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Writs are issued by the Supreme Court or High Court to enforce the fundamental rights of citizens, not legal rights, guaranteed by the constitution. The power to issue writs is a provision under “Right to Constitutional remedies.” Thus, statement 2 is incorrect.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following is correctly matched about the provisions of Supreme Court?

  1. Article 131 - Establishment and Constitution of Supreme Court

  2. Article 129 - Original jurisdiction of Supreme Court

  3. Article 136 - Special leave to appeal

  4. Article 124 - Supreme Court to be a court of record

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Option 3 is correctly matched. Article 136 of the Constitution of India provides special leave to appeal. Special leave to appeal means to hear the case by Supreme Court with special leave of Supreme Court which is already decided by the lower tribunal.