Judiciary and Legal Systems

The Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Act, 2008, increased the maximum number of judges in the Supreme Court from 26 to 31 (including the Chief Justice).

The Supreme Court of India is empowered to issue five types of writs under Article 32 of the Constitution. These are Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, and Quo-Warranto.

The Assam High Court was renamed as the Gauhati High Court to reflect the name of the city where it is located.

Charging salaries to the Consolidated Fund of India ensures judicial independence by removing them from the annual parliamentary vote, preventing political pressure on judges.

The number of judges in the Supreme Court of India has been increased over time. At the time this question was likely written, the sanctioned strength was 31.

The Supreme Court has directed all States to implement     the     Justice     Padmanabhan     Committee recommendations on revised pay scales for judicial officers with effect from January 1, 2006.

Right under sec-9 of CrPC, state govt establish the court of session for every session division.

The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial authority and the final court of appeal in the Indian legal system.

Election petitions are heard by High courts and supreme courts in appeal.

In 2010, the Supreme Court of India suggested that the government consider setting up a separate Pay Commission for Armed Forces personnel, citing their unique service conditions.

The US Supreme Court has the supreme power because the framers of the Constitution stated in Article III, Section 1, that The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. 

The judges of subordinate courts are appointed by the Governor in consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court of the concerned state. A minimum of seven years of practise as a lawyer at bar is a necessary qualification.

Statement 1 is false because the Supreme Court is the apex court, not the President. Statement 2 is true regarding the power to increase judge strength. Statement 3 is false because there are currently 25 High Courts in India, but in 2008, the count was different; however, the question asks for what is NOT true, and the number of High Courts has changed over time.

In 2008, the Union Cabinet approved increasing the number of Supreme Court judges from 26 to 31 (including the Chief Justice).

Judicial control is reactive, not proactive. The judiciary cannot take cognizance of administrative excesses on its own; it must wait for an aggrieved party to approach the court.