Biology
Human Physiology and Anatomy
2,235 Questions
Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.
Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions
Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions
-
Liver
-
Pancreas
-
Spleen
-
Kidney
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Lymph is the fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system. Approximately half of the lymph formed in the body is formed in the liver.
-
Only 1
-
Only 2
-
Only 3
-
1 and 2
-
2 and 3
A
Correct answer
Explanation
When two hormones work together, then those hormones are known as synergesic hormones. For example, FSH and LH.
-
muscle tissues
-
intestinal tissues
-
nervous tissues
-
bone tissues
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Polioviruses have high affinity for nervous tissues. They multiply in the nerve cells and destroy them, leading to paralysis.
-
jaundice
-
leukemia
-
toxemia of blood
-
anemia
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Bilirubin accumulates in the blood plasma providing yellowish tint to the skin resulting in jaundice.
-
respiratoy and skeletal systems
-
circulatory and muscular systems
-
skeletal and muscular systems
-
nervous and muscular systems
-
skeletal and nervous systems
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Yes, it is correct. The two systems that bring about movement and locomotion of the body are the skeletal and muscular systems.
-
Nitrogen
-
Carbon
-
Silicon
-
Hydrogen
-
Calcium
C
Correct answer
Explanation
This is the correct option as silicon is found in negligible percentage of the weight of the human body.
-
Only 1
-
Only 2
-
Only 3
-
1 and 2
-
1, 2 and 3
-
1 and 2
-
1, 2 and 3
-
1, 2 and 4
-
2 and 4
-
2, 3 and 4
-
To dissolve enzyme secreted in the stomach
-
To maintain a low pH to prevent growth of microorganisms
-
To maintain low pH to facilitate absorption
-
To maintain low pH to activate pepsinogen to form pepsin
-
To maintain low pH to inhibit conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin
D
Correct answer
Explanation
HCl's chief function is maintaining stomach acidity, which converts inactive pepsinogen into active pepsin. Pepsin is the primary enzyme that begins protein digestion in the stomach. While HCl also inhibits microbial growth (option B) and aids mineral absorption, activating pepsinogen is its main digestive role.
-
liver
-
liver and spleen
-
liver and muscles
-
spleen and muscles
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals. After glucose is converted to glycogen in the liver, it is stored in both the liver (about 100-120g) and skeletal muscles (about 300-400g in an adult). Liver glycogen maintains blood glucose levels, while muscle glycogen provides energy for muscle contraction during exercise. Spleen does not store glycogen.
-
Protection and facilitating diffusion
-
Movement and digestion
-
Translocation and protection
-
Insulation and protection
-
Elasticity and absorption
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Squamous epithelium comprises cells which are thin, flat and irregular in shape. The tissue provides protection against injury and facilitates diffusion.
-
To increase the surface area
-
To provide flexibility
-
To provide elasticity
-
To form the framework of the body
-
To provide protection
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Microvilli help to increase the surface area so as to facilitate absorption and secretion.
-
To connect and bind various structures of the body
-
To protect various body parts
-
To facilitate the process of digestion
-
To provide protection to brain and heart
-
To form the framework of the body
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Muscular tissues facilitate the process of digestion.
-
Atomic level -> Molecular level -> Tissue level -> Cellular level -> Organ level -> Organ system level
-
Atomic level -> Molecular level -> Cellular level -> Tissue level -> Organ level -> Organ system level
-
Molecular level -> Tissue level -> Cellular level -> Atomic level -> Organ system level -> Organ level
-
Atomic level -> Organ level -> Cellular level -> Tissue level -> Organ system level -> Molecular level
-
Atomic level -> Organ level -> Tissue level -> Molecular level -> Cellular level -> Organ system level
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Atomic level -> Molecular level -> Cellular level -> Tissue level -> Organ level -> Organ system level.
-
metabolic functions
-
digestion
-
energy production
-
immunity
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that regulate various metabolic functions in the body, including growth, reproduction, and metabolism. They maintain homeostasis by coordinating activities of different organs and tissues. Option B (digestion) is primarily controlled by enzymes, Option C (energy production) by cellular respiration processes, and Option D (immunity) by immune cells.