Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,062 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

Which function among the following is not performed by bones?

  1. Homeostasis of calcium level in blood

  2. Phagocytosis of xenobiotics

  3. Manufacturing of Blood Cells

  4. Protection of delicate organs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Neutrophils are active in phagocytosis and defend us against harmful viruses, bacteria and other foreign intruders. Bones do not perform phagocytosis.

Multiple choice

What is the main function of the circulatory system?

  1. It transports nutrients from their sites of absorption to different tissues and organs for storage.

  2. It carries waste products of metabolism from different tissues.

  3. It transports respiratory gases.

  4. It uniformly distributes water, H+ and chemical substances all over the body.

  5. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

FRTOL is related to which of the following functions?

  1. Medical

  2. Radio communication

  3. Dangerous flying

  4. Night flying
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

FRTOL stands for Flight Radio Telephony Operator's License, which certifies pilots in radio communication procedures and phraseology. It's mandatory for operating aircraft radio equipment. The other options are incorrect: medical is covered under Class 1/2 certificates, 'dangerous flying' is not a formal category, and night flying has separate requirements but isn't what FRTOL covers.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a function of adrenaline?

  1. Secreting gastric juice

  2. Increasing the heart rate and blood pressure

  3. Reducing blood sugar level

  4. Helping in spermatogenesis

  5. NA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Adrenaline is an emergency hormone secreted by adrenal glands.

Multiple choice

The function of bract is:

  1. protection of terminal bud

  2. protection of axillary bud

  3. protection of flower bud

  4. protection of calyx
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A bract is a modified leaf associated with a flower's reproductive structure. Its primary function is to protect the flower bud during development. Bracts are often green and leaf-like but can also be colorful (like in poinsettia or bougainvillea) to attract pollinators. They do not protect terminal buds, axillary buds (those are protected by bud scales), or specifically the calyx (which itself protects the inner flower parts).

Multiple choice

The function of tapetum is

  1. mechanical

  2. protective

  3. nutritional

  4. reproductive
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The tapetal cells provide nourishment to young microspore mother cells either by forming a plasmodium (amoeboid or invasive type) or through diffusion (parietal or secretory type).

Multiple choice

The normal functions of stem are

  1. support and absorption

  2. support and conduction

  3. conduction and fixation

  4. fixation and absorption
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The stem's primary functions are support (holding leaves, flowers, fruits) and conduction (transporting water, minerals, sugars via xylem and phloem). Absorption occurs mainly through roots. Fixation refers to roots anchoring the plant.

Multiple choice

Which of the following options is the function of chromosome in a cell?

  1. It separates the contents of the cells from the surrounding medium.

  2. It contains organelles, which control and coordinate the activities of our body.

  3. It carries genes and helps in inheritance of characters from parents to offspring.

  4. It is helpful in the formation of the cell wall.

  5. It helps in protein synthesis.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Chromosomes are found in necleus of a cell. They carry genes and help in inheritance of characters from parents to offspring.

Multiple choice

Which among the following is not a function of the cell wall?

  1. Controlling turgor pressure

  2. Passage of substances

  3. Cell signaling

  4. Communication with other cells

  5. Carbohydrate storage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The protein molecules in the cell membrane receive signals from other cells or the outside environment and convert the signals to messages, that are passed to the organelles inside the cell.

Multiple choice

Which one of the following functions is not performed by blood?

  1. To transport nutrients to various parts of the body

  2. To fight against infection

  3. To carry oxygen to various parts of the body

  4. To help form clot
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blood is the fluid tissue which transports oxygen and nutrients to various parts of body. Platelets in blood also help in blood clotting during any cut or wound. Red blood cells contain haemoglobin which is a respiratory pigment and WBC fights against infections.

Therefore, statement (2) is incorrect. Thus, it is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Iron is an extremely important transition metal in biological systems. It helps to perform various biological functions, such as

  1. transport of O2 to tissues
  2. release of O2 to muscle cells
  3. cofactor to some enzymes

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. 1 and 2

  5. 1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Many enzymes vital to life contain iron, such as catalase, lipoxygenases, and IRE-BP. Hemoglobin is an iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein which transports O2 from the lungs to the tissues. Myoglobin, an iron-containing protein in muscle, receives oxygen from the red blood cells and transports it to the mitochondria of muscle cells. Many enzymes vital to life contain iron, such as catalase, lipoxygenases, and IRE-BP.