Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

The Malpighian corpuscle lies in the

  1. medulla

  2. liver

  3. cortex

  4. pelvis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Malpighian corpuscle consists of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. It is located in the renal cortex, the outer region of the kidney. The medulla contains the loop of Henle and collecting ducts, while the pelvis is the central funnel-shaped structure.

Multiple choice

Between which layers is serous fluid present?

  1. Parietal and fibrous layers

  2. Fibrous and visceral layers

  3. Parietal and visceral layers

  4. Visceral layer and epicardium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The space between the parietal and visceral pericardium is filled with serous fluid, which protects the heart from any kind of external jerk or shock.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a vestigial organ in man?

  1. Vermiform appendix

  2. Plica semilunaris

  3. Ear muscles

  4. Epiglottis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The process by which organisms with different evolutionary histories evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge, is called convergent evolution.

Multiple choice

The back part of the roof of the mouth cavity is called

  1. tongue

  2. soft palate

  3. larynx

  4. parotid gland

  5. enamel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The soft palate, known as velum or muscular palate is the soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth in mammals. It is movable, and consists of muscle fibres sheathed in mucous membrane.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not the function of saliva?

  1. Acts as solvent in dissolving food particles

  2. Digests starch

  3. Aids in water balance in the body

  4. Cleans the mouth

  5. Covers and fixes the root in position
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

It is the function of cement, a bone like structure covering and fixing the root in position. The function of the cement is not only to seal the restoration on the tooth, but also in some cases to support the retention of the restoration.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a reflex action?

  1. Sneezing

  2. Yawning

  3. Chewing

  4. Crying
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Reflex actions are automatic, involuntary responses mediated by the spinal cord or brainstem without conscious thought. Sneezing, crying (tear secretion), and yawning are reflexes. Chewing is a voluntary action requiring conscious control and coordination, though it has reflex components.

Multiple choice

Which part of our body makes lub dub sound?

  1. Brain

  2. Heart

  3. Lungs

  4. Stomach

  5. Mouth
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The cardiac sounds typically described as lub-dub are caused by the closing of the cardiac valves. The first sound (lub) is caused by the closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves and the second dub is caused by the closing of the aortic and pulmonic valves.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a function of endoplasmic reticulum?

  1. It transports materials.

  2. It provides surface for some biochemical activities.

  3. It detoxifies poisons and drugs.

  4. It stores the waste material of a cell.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Endoplasmic reticulum helps in the transportation of material being synthesised and provides surface for some biochemical activities. It detoxifies poisons and drugs. However, the waste material of a cell is stored in vacuoles and lysosomes.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a function of epithelial tissues?

  1. They protect underlying cells from drying, injury, bacterial and chemical effects.

  2. They form lining of the mouth and alimentary canal of other internal organs to protect them.

  3. They help in elimination of waste products.

  4. They bind, support and pack together different organs of the body.

  5. Some of them perform secretory functions.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer as this is not a function of epithelial tissues. This is a function of connective tissues.

Multiple choice

Gap junctions are intercellular channels, which ensure a supply of nutrients to cells of an organ that are not in direct contact with the blood. Which of the following proteins help in forming gap junctions?

  1. Glycoproteins

  2. Connexin

  3. Aquaporins

  4. Integral proteins

  5. Peripheral proteins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

They are gap junction proteins. They are a family of structurally related transmembrane proteins that assemble to form vertebrate gap junctions.