Biology

Human Physiology and Anatomy

2,235 Questions

Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.

Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions

Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions

Multiple choice

Match the following.

 
1. Insulin (a) Regulates basal metabolism
2. Glucagon (b) Inhibits secretion of insulin and glucagon
3. Somatostatin (c) Stimulates milk ejection
4. Thyroxine (d) Stimulates liver to covert glycogen into glucose
5. Oxytocin (e) Stimulates deposition of extra glucose in liver

  1. 1 - (e), 2 - (d), 3 - (b), 4 - (a), 5 - (c)

  2. 1 - (c), 2 - (e), 3 - (a), 4 - (b), 5 - (d)

  3. 1 - (a), 2 - (c), 3 - (e), 4 - (b), 5 - (d)

  4. 1 - (c), 2 - (d), 3 - (e), 4 - (a), 5 - (b)

  5. 1 - (d), 2 - (e), 3 - (b), 4 - (c), 5 - (a)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

.

Multiple choice

Lysis of fibrin is brought about by

  1. plasmin

  2. hyaluronidase

  3. collagenase

  4. coagulase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The plasmin proteins contain a euglobulin called plasminogen (or profibrinolysin) which when activated, becomes a substance called plasmin (or fibrinolysin). Plasmin is a proteolytic enzyme that resembles tryspin, the most important proteolytic digestive enzyme of pancreatic secretion.

Multiple choice

Such type of reaction is appropriately called __________.

Directions: A child is stung by a honey bee. He immediately experiences respiratory distress and becomes unconscious.

  1. Anaphylactic shock

  2. Allergy

  3. Auto Immune disorder

  4. Hypersensitivity

  5. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Anaphylactic shock: Anaphylactic shock or anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that results from allergy of certain drugs or even bee stings or venom, etc. It may lead to unconsciousness or even death.

Multiple choice

Iron is an extremely important transition metal in biology. It helps in performing many different biological functions, such as

  1. transport of O2 to tissues
  2. release of O2 to muscle cells
  3. cofactor to some enzymes

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Only 3

  4. 1, 2 and 3

  5. 1 and 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

This option is correct because haemoglobin is an iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein which transports O2 from the lungs to the tissues. Myoglobin, an iron-containing protein in muscles, receives oxygen from the red blood cells and transports it to the mitochondria of muscle cells and many enzymes vital to life contain iron, such as catalase, lipoxygenases and IRE-BP.

Multiple choice

All the following muscles are grouped together as muscle of mastication except

  1. buccinators

  2. masseter

  3. temporalis

  4. pterygoids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The infratemporal fossa contains two of the four principle muscles of mastication, medial and lateral pterygoid. The tendon of a third muscle, temporalis, is also found in this region. The remaining muscle, masseter, lies on the lateral surface of the ramus, but is considered here with the muscles of mastication. The masticatory muscles are most immediately concerned with movements to the mandible at the temporomandibular joints.

Multiple choice

The floor of mouth and suprahyoid muscles are supplied by

  1. lingual nerve

  2. inferior alveolar nerve

  3. maxillary nerve

  4. facial nerve
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Branches of inferior alveolar nerve: Mylohyoid branch: supplies mylohyoid muscle and anterior belly of digastrics branches supplying lower teeth and gums Mental nerve: supplies skin of chin along with the skin and mucous membrane of the lower lip