Biology
Human Physiology and Anatomy
2,062 Questions
Human physiology and anatomy explore the structural organization and biological functions of the human body and its systems. Questions focus on the primary roles of organs, hormones, cellular components, and developmental processes. These fundamentals are integral to medical entrance tests and general science sections.
Organ functionsHormone functionsImmune system rolesDigestive systemCellular functions
Human Physiology and Anatomy Questions
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Secretory
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Sensory
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Movement
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Barrier
A
Correct answer
Explanation
The major function of gut and stomach epithelium is secretion. In order to digest, HCl and digestive enzymes are secreted from the stomach and gut epithelium.
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They secrete mucous.
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They secrete serotonin.
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They aid in mucociliary transport.
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They secrete surfactant.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Endocrine cells of airway epithelium secrete serotonin.
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provide enzymes and hormones
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provide amino acids for growth
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carry oxygen to various tissues
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help excretion
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Haemoglobin is the red protein in blood cells and which carries oxygen and other gases to different parts of the body.
(a) arries life-sustaining oxygen from the lungs via blood cells to other cells throughout the body.
(b) carries away waste carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs where it is exhaled.
(c) carries nitric oxide to and from body tissues, thus regulating the body's balance of this chemical, which is vital to various body functions including learning, memory and blood pressure.
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the heart is found n the left side of our body cavity
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the left side is pressed and gives relaxation to the right side
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it gives maximum relaxation to the muscles of the right side and keeps the liver warm, relaxed and improves bile secretion
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the organs of left side are smaller than those on the right side
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Sleeping on the left side is useful because it gives maximum relaxation to the muscles of the right side and keeps the liver warm, relaxes and improves bile secretion.
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utilization of energy
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destruction of bacteria
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prevention of anaemia
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to transport oxygen
D
Correct answer
Explanation
Hemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloproteinin the red blood cells of all vertebrates as well as the tissues of some invertebrates. Hemoglobin in the blood carries oxygen from the respiratory organs (lungs or gills) to the rest of the body (i.e. the tissues) where it releases the oxygen to burn nutrients to provide energy to power the functions of the organism, and collects the resultant carbon dioxide to bring it back to the respiratory organs to be dispensed from the organism.
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to remove waste products from the body
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to control blood pressure
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to help in digestion of food
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to control body temperature
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Functions of kidneys are as follows:
(a) Filtering out wastes to be excreted in the urine
(b) Regulating blood pressure via both urinary excretion of wastes and initiating the rennin-angiotensen hormone regulatory system
(c) Regulating an acid-base balance via the bicarbonate system
(d) Stimulating red blood cell production via the release of the hormone erythropoietin
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Storage of water
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Storage of enzymes
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Excretion
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Sorting of materials
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Contractile vacuoles help in excretion in protozoans like amoeba.
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It purifies the air inside our body
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It connects various organs of our body
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It transports substances like digested food from the small intestine to the other parts of the body.
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None of the above
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Blood transports substances like digested food from the small intestine to the other parts of the body. It carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells of the body. It also transports waste for removal from the body
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Produces T-cells
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Removes worn out red blood cells
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Produces immunoglobulins
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Produces macrophages
B
Correct answer
Explanation
The spleen acts as a filter for the blood, where it identifies and removes old or damaged red blood cells. It also serves as a reservoir for blood and plays a role in the immune system.
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It provides energy and helps in growth and development.
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It helps to overcome wear and tear of the body.
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It can effect the heredity of species.
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It protects the body against diseases.
C
Correct answer
Explanation
Yes, it is the correct answer. Food has no role in the change of heredity. The genes present in DNA are responsible for this change.
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It helps in plasmolysis when dipped in hypotonic solution.
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It prevents plasmolysis when dipped in hypotonic solution.
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It prevents plasmolysis when dipped in isotonic solution.
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It helps in plasmolysis when dipped in isotonic solution.
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Cell wall prevents plasmolysis when dipped in hypotonic solution.
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prevents loss of water from stele
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provides protection
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maintains rigidity
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All of the above
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-
A
Correct answer
Explanation
Correct Answer: It prevents loss of water from stele.
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It plays a central role in cellular reproduction.
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It determines the form that a cell will exhibit.
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It carries hereditary information from one generation to another.
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It generates energy for a cell.
D
Correct answer
Explanation
The energy required for various chemical activities needed for life is released by mitochondria in the form of ATP molecules.
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excretion
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respiration
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digestion
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excretion and respiration
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Mitochondrion is called as the powerhouse of the cell. It has a specific role in producing ATP, the energy currency. Thus, it plays a major role in respiration.
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To return chemical energy to plants
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To release nutrients from dead plants and animals
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To increase the amount of carbon dioxide in air
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To increase oxygen in air
B
Correct answer
Explanation
Bacteria and fungi act upon dead and decaying matter and convert it into simpler form, so that the nutrients are returned back to the nutrients pool.